• Trans-
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• v.8
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• pp.1-28
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• 2020

This study examines musical characteristics of so-called 'Hongdae Sound' as a historic musical trend by comparing with 'US 8^th Army Sound' and British 'London Punk'. Hongdae Sound refers to the musical trend that was formed with independent bands and musicians who mostly performed live in the club called 'Drug' in Hongdae area, and voluntarily adopted minor musical sensitivity and indie spirit of 'post-punk rock' genre. But as an industrial standpoint the superficial identity of 'indie' interferes with academic approach when analysing musical aspects of Hongdae Sound. Therefore it is necessary to rearrange its characteristics as the musical trend based on regional classification in order to fully appreciate its status in history of Korean popular music. US 8^th Army Sound refers to the musical trend that was played within the live stages in US military bases in Korea. Many hired Korean musicians for those shows were able to learn the current popular musical trend in the States, and to spread those to the general public outside the bases. The industrial system of the Army Sound was very similar to that of K-Pop, but when it comes to leading the newest musical trend of 'rock-n-roll', it had more resemblance to that of Hongdae Sound. London punk was the back-to-basic form of pure rock that was armed with social angst and rebel, indie spirit. Its primal motto was 'do-it-yourself', and Hongdae Sound mostly followed its industrial, musical and spiritual paths. London punk was short-lived because it abandoned its indie spirits and became absorbed to the mainstream. But Hongdae sound maintain its longevity by maintaining the spirit and truthfulness of indie, while endlessly experimenting with new trends.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.92.1-92.1
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• 2012

홍대용(洪大容, 1731~1783)이 저술한 "담헌서(湛軒書)" 외집 권6의 <주해수용(籌解需用)>에는 수격식 천문시계인 혼상의(渾象儀)에 대한 기록이 나온다. 우리는 홍대용 혼상의에 대한 구조와 작동 메커니즘에 대한 연구를 통해 복원 모델의 개념설계를 진행하였다. 혼상의는 세 개의 환(環)과 2개의 층(層)으로 되어 있다. 외층에 해당하는 환 구조는 자신이 제작한 혼천의인 통천의(統天儀) 구조와 유사하다. 내층에 해당되는 혼상구에는 별자리와 은하수를 그려넣고, 태양과 달의 모습을 구슬 형태로 매달아 천상의 운행 모습을 구현하였다. 통천의는 추동력으로 운행되며, 혼상의는 물에 의한 수격방식으로 운행된다. 홍대용의 수격방식은 조선에서 전통적으로 사용한 동력체계로 중국의 대표적 천문시계인 수운의상대의 동력체계를 간소화시켰다. 혼상의에 대한 기록은 조선시대 수격식 동력체계를 다룬 거의 유일한 문헌기록으로 수격식 작동 메커니즘 연구에 중요한 단서를 제공해 주고 있다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.539-554
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• 2019

This study suggests a conceptualization model of 'cultural inclusiveness' organically connected to social inclusiveness, by expanding the implications of urban inclusiveness to the domain and relationship. Based on the process of necessity of relation, connection of space, and execution of act, the cultural inclusiveness could be connected to the formation of organic/learning relation, the creation of openness focusing on public space, and the practice of diverse subjects. Concretely, the concept of cultural inclusiveness is applied to the case of 'Hongdae-ap'. The recent Hongdae-ap is showing the value of coexistence such as the establishment of environment that could protect the diversity of individual subjects and groups(artists, residents, government officials, students, cultural activists, citizens, tourists, and etc.), the formation of public space such as 'Hongdae-up playground', 'pedestrian-friendly street', and 'Gyeongui-Line book street', social network service & horizontal network, and access.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2002

The 18th century Joseon(朝鮮) science philosopher Hong Dae-Yong(洪大容, 1731-83) tried to create his own scientific system, while partially keeping the Eastern view of nature and accepting Western science and technology. Most of all, he confirmed that Western science and technology was based on mathematical principles and accurate observation and wrote a math book, [Juhaesuyong(籌解需用)]. Therefore, we have good reason to call him a mathematician. He produced so many achievements that he can be considered a natural scientist in the late Joseon era; he accepted the Eastern view of nature critically and sometimes refused it. He also suggested new and various scientific thoughts, including an infinite universe theory, on the basis of Western scientific thought. Hong Dae-Yong emphasized the importance of practice. He understood the principle of the Western Honcheonui(渾天儀) and manufactured an alarm clock with a craftsman's help. He was an excellent engineer and he set a personal observatory. Considering the level of scientific technology at that time, it is reasonable to regard Hong Dae-Yong as a 'scientific technologist in the 18th century Joseonera', well equipped as a mathematician, a natural scientist, and an engineer. In conclusion, it is with 'mathematical thinking, creative conception, and practical activities' that Hong Dae-Yong maintained throughout his life that we can set a guide to produce excellent Korean scientific technologists and engineers in the 21st century.

• Journal of the Korea Construction Safety Engineering Association
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• s.45
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• pp.48-53
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• 2008

대통령자문 건설기술 건축문화선진화위원회가 이례적으로 건축물이 아닌 작품을 선정했다. 젊은 아티스트들의 작품을 전시. 판매하고 다양한 공연도 펼치는 홍대 앞의 명물 '프리마켓(www.freemarket.or.kr)'이 바로 그것이다. 일상 예술창작센터가 운영하는 프리마켓은 생활창작 아티스트 100여명이 만든 예술성을 지난 독창적인 생활용품과 장신구 미술작품 등을 전시 판매하는 곳으로 홍대 앞 어린이 놀이터 '홍익어린이공원'내에 매주 토요일 오후에 운영도는 거리 마켓이다. 유럽등지에 성행하는 Flea market(중고물품이나 생활용품을 교환 매매하는곳)과는 완전히 다른 개념인 free market 즉, 창작품과 창작행위가 펼쳐지는 예술시장인 것이다. 따라서 이곳을 찾은 외국인들은 그들 나라에서 보아왔던 Flea market로 착각하는 일도 흔히 발행하기도 하지만 어쨌든, 도심 속 외진 곳에 버려질 뻔했던 공간이 새롭게 태어나고 있는 점에서 매우 관심을 갖게 하는 곳이다.

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.358
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• pp.80-86
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• 2005

• Health and Mission
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• s.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2004

• Korean Architects
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• no.12 s.284
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• pp.34-35
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• 1992

• TTA Journal
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• s.92
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• pp.109-114
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• 2004

• Ingenium
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.72-75
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• 1997