• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.352-360
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• 2017

This study evaluated the quality characteristics, polyphenolic compounds, and radical scavenging activity of cooked-rice added to commercially available mixed grains. L-value of cooked-rice with various mixed grains decreased compared to that of cooked-white rice; however, a- and b-values increased. Hardness and elasticity of cooked-rice added to various mixed grains were significantly lower in the pressure cooker compared to the electric cooker. There was no significant difference in adhesiveness and stickiness between rice from the electric cooker and pressure cooker. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of cooked-rice added to various mixed grains were significantly increased. The average total polyphenol content of cooked-rice added to various mixed grains cooked in an electric cooker and pressure cooker were $16.50{\pm}3.86$ and $15.88{\pm}3.52mg$ gallic acid equivalent /100 g, and flavonoid contents were $1.58{\pm}0.00$ and $1.55{\pm}0.02mg$ catechin equivalents/100 g, respectively. The average of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was $9.27{\pm}2.62$ and $8.72{\pm}2.41mg$ trolox equivalent (TE)/100 g, and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity was $22.89{\pm}4.60$ and $23.07{\pm}4.49mg$ TE/100 g for cooked-rice added to various mixed grains cooked in an electric cooker and pressure cooker, respectively. Phenol content and radical scavenging activity of cooked rice was in proportion to the amount of added grains, such as brown rice, colored rice, barley, soybean, and sorghum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.587-594
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• 2013

The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects from Wa-song (Orostachys japonicus) extracts with mixtures of medicinal herbs (such as Baekbokyung, Changchul and Sa-in) were evaluated in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to five groups; normal, diabetic control (D-control), a group fed a medicinal herbs mixture (D-MH), and a group fed composites of O. japonicus with mixtures of medicinal herbs (1:1, D-MHOA and 3:1, D-MHOB). All were fed on their diet for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, the body weight of all experimental groups increased compared to the diabetic control group, with the D-MHOB group having a significantly higher increase. Fasting glucose levels in all experimental groups (compared to the D-control group) significantly decreased after 2 weeks, but between 2~3 weeks, the levels in the D-MH group were similar to the D-MHOA group. After 4 weeks, the fasting glucose level of the D-MHOB group was the lowest compared to the other groups. In a test of oral glucose tolerance, blood glucose levels were highest 60 minutes after feeding glucose; however this level improved significantly in the groups fed an experimental diet compared to the D-control group. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels were 1.9 times higher in the D-control group than the normal (3.9%), but levels in the experimental groups were significantly decreased in D-MHOA and D-MHOB groups compared to the D-MH group. In the high amounts of O. japonicus to medicinal herbs mixture, total lipids and cholesterol significantly decreased in the serum, while HDL-C levels increased. GPT activity was significantly lower in the D-MHOB group compared to the other groups. Lipid peroxide levels decreased in the D-MHOA and D-MHOB groups compared to the D-MH group. Antioxidant activity was higher depending on the dose of O. japonicus. Overall, O. japonicus exhibited effective hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic actions enhanced by a combination of medicinal herbs.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.60-69
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• 2000

In this paper we propose a new two-color signal processing algorithm for efficient target tracking under complicated condition including interfernces such as background noises and countermeasures. For the efficient target tracking, we adopt two detection bands, and define the ratio between two band signals which represents the spectral distribution characteristics of a target or interference. The proposed algorithm detects the ratio of interference, and extracts only the target signal from the target and the interference mixed signal by using it. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we apply it to a rosette tracker and perform various simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm extracts the target signal from the mixed signal well. The proposed algorithm is also ready to be applied to a real system since it is simple and adaptive for environment change.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.516-519
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• 1995

Seven Korean milled rice samples (5 Japonica, 1 Indica, 1 Commercial) were used to compare the quality of brewing adjunct with that of U.S. IR36(Indica) sample was classified as having higher amylose and protein content and lower starch content than Japonica samples. IR36 sample did not differ from Japonica samples in wort color, wort viscosity, soluble protein, percent extract and sugar composition when it was used as brewing adjunct. Korean milled rice samples did not differ from U.S. sample in soluble protein, wort pH, wort viscosity, but lower in percent extract.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.502-509
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• 2013

This study was conducted in order to monitor the extraction conditions for a gel-state beverage development of the Opuntia ficus-indica stem. Moreover, the organoleptic properties of the beverage prepared by the extract were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). The determination coefficient ($R^2$) value for the extraction yield of the stem was 0.95 (p<0.01). The maximum extraction yield was obtained at an extraction temperature of $93.02^{\circ}C$, 123 min of extraction time and 22.57 mL/g of water to sample. The beverage was prepared with the addition of xanthan gum, sugar and persimmon vinegar to the extract with a central composite design. The maximum organoleptic color of the beverage was obtained at 0.38% xanthan gum, 7.91% sugar and 0.76% persimmon vinegar. The maximum organoleptic flavor was obtained at 0.30% xanthan gum, 7.06% sugar and 1.26% persimmon vinegar. The maximum organoleptic taste was obtained at 0.22% xanthan gum, 10.36% sugar and 0.90% persimmon vinegar. The maximum overall palatability (3.92 score) of the gel-state beverage was obtained at 0.35% xanthan gum, 10.83% sugar and 1.21% persimmon vinegar.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.629-646
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate effects of terpenoids-rich plant extracts (TRPE) on the in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane production. The ruminal fluid was collected from a cannulated Hanwoo cow fed concentrate and timothy in the ratio of 6 to 4. The TRPE as Mint (Mentha arvensis var. piperascens), Pine (Pinus densiflora), Japan cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum), Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtuse) and Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii) were used in this study. The 15 mL of mixture, contains McDougall buffer and rumen fluid in the ratio of 2 to 1. The mixture was dispensed anaerobically 50 mL serum bottles and it is contained 0.3 g timothy substrate and 5% TRPE. The bottles were incubated at $39^{\circ}C$ for 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The pH value decrease by increased incubation times and the pH values at all times were significantly (p<0.05) higher in treatments than in control. The digestibility of dry matter at 3 hours was significantly (p<0.05) higher in mint treatment than in control. Productions of total gas and carbon dioxide at before 12 hours was significantly lower (p<0.05) in treatments than in control. The methane production at 24 hours was significantly (p<0.05) lower in treatments than in control. The concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid at 24 hours were significantly higher (p<0.05) in mint and pine treatments than in control. In conclusion, the terpenoid-rich plant extracts were shown to decreased methane emission and without adversely affected ruminal fermentation. Therefore, the terpenoid-rich plant extracts as mint and pine were shown to decreased methane production and it has potential possibility for ruminal fermentations.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.296-303
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• 2007

Acer tegmentosum (Acereaceae) has been used a source of traditional medicines for the treatment of hepatic disorders in Korea. This research was conducted to determine biofunctional activities of A. tegmentosum stem extract and to identify its bioactive components. Methanolic extract from A. tegmentosum stem was partitioned by using organic solvents, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. Two compounds were isolated by using an ODS column chromatography from ethyl acetate soluble fraction shown to the strongest antioxidant activity ($RC_{50}=3.15\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) among the fractions. The isolated compounds were analyzed by $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR, IR, UV/VIS, MS spectrum data and identified as catechin, ${\rho}-Hydroxyphenethyl$ alcohol $1-O-{\beta}-_D-(6'-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside$. The compounds have shown strong antioxidant activity, with similar activity to BHA ($RC_{50}=2\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$). Especially, ${\rho}-Hydroxyphenethyl$ alcohol 1-O-{\beta}-_D-(6'-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside$ was shown strong anti-lipid peroxidative activity. However, the compounds were not shown antimicrobial activities. In antimicrobial activity assays, ethyl acetate soluble fraction was effective to bacterial inhibition, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia, with minimum inhibitory concentrations in $125\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Otherwise, antifungal activity against Candida albicans was shown in n-hexane soluble fraction exhibiting $63\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of minimum inhibitory concentration. In anticomplementary activity assays, water soluble fraction was the most effective exhibiting 24% inhibitory activity.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.429-436
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• 2010

Dyestuffs extracted from fifteen kinds of natural dyeing materials were researched on their antimicrobial performance against 3 kinds of bacteria and 2 kinds of fungi in order to develop conservation/storage materials of traditional and natural dyed papers. The three types of mordants were evaluated by using the same method and then mixed with the dyestuffs to research their antimicrobial performance. With those results, dyed paper was made by mixing mordants with 9 kinds of dyestuffs with excellent antimicrobial performance. Among the dyed papers, Cotinus coggygria, Coptis chinensis, Phellodendri amurense, Rhus javanica and Acer ginnala multiple mordant papers were found to have an antibacterial quality against fungi, while, in the insect repellent experiment using termites, Coptis chinensis and Phellodendri amurense dyed papers were found to have insect repellent qualities. Also, with regard to the research result about the affect of dyeing paper on other materials like metal, Coptis chinensis have relatively stable qualities. Also, the three types of dyeed paper by Cotinus coggygria, Coptis chinensis and Phellodendri amurense, were found to have a tendency to remove harmful gases. Not only can these dyed papers be used for making storage box for cultural properties to prevent various organic artifacts from bio-damaging, but they can also be utilized as functional finishing materials in various spaces.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 1993

We investigated the effects of CP-2 extracted from the mixture of Copis and Croton tiglium L, which showed very high cytotoxic effect to the various tumor cells, on the growth and steroidenesis of primary and transformed cell lines PA-GS6 and PO-GRS1 by cotransfectionwith SV40 and Ha ras oncogenes. CP-2 inhibited the growth of PA-GS6 and PO-GRS1 in a dose dependent manner when the growth of them was measured by cell number and by protein content, while CP-2 did not affect the growth of primary granulose cells. Productions of progesterone ofprimary and transformed granulosa cells were stimulated by forskolin, but this stimulatory effect was blocked by treatment of CP-2. Clinical application of CP-2 asa new anti-cancer drug and utilization of transformed granulosa cells as a model system for the screening of anti-cancer drug were also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.109-110
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• 2021

An attempt has been made on a constructive approach to evaluate the performance of snail shell ash (SSA) for its corrosion performance under marine environments. Corrosion performance of steel rebar in chloride contaminated SSA with (0% to 50%) replacement levels of cement extract medium was examined through electrochemical and weight loss techniques. Initially, snail shell powder (SSP) is made by pulverizing and subsequently SSA is by thermal decomposition methods. A critical level of 20 % SSA improved both corrosion resistance properties of cement extracts. SSA is a suitable replacement material for natural limestone in cement productions.