• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.36-43
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• 2020

The extracts of antioxidants, torreya nucifera and alphinia henryi, were tested for properties as a fragrance material and applied to a mask pack formulation to study the fragrance properties. The DPPH antioxidant test of hot water and ethanol extract confirmed that the ethanol extract had superior antioxidant efficacy compared to the hot water extract. It was confirmed that the optimal mixing ratio as a raw material for the mask pack of torreya nucifera and alphinia henryi was 3:7 as a result of the DPPH antioxidant test. As a result of the cytotoxicity test, the cell viability was good as it showed 103.30% at 0.5 ug/mL, 104.25% at 1 ug/mL, 102.56% at 5 ug/mL, and 99.17% at 10 ug/mL compared to the untreated group. As a result of the patch test on the mask pack formulation, the skin irritation index of 0.02 was judged as a non-irritation product in the skin irritation primary stimulation human application test. In the evaluation of skin moisturizing, it showed a significant increase rate of 19.178% compared to before the sample adaptation. Evaluation of the change over time in the sheet mask pack formulation confirmed the formulation stability without viscosity and pH change for 12 weeks at low temperature(4℃), room temperature(25℃), and high temperature(45℃).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.421-425
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• 2005

The difference on compositions of enzyme extracts which were produced with two kinds of enzyme, celluclast and pectinex, and from sea mustards prepared with two kinds of pretreatments, heating and non-heating treatment, were investigated. The moisture compositions of enzyme extracts from the heating sea mustard were little higher than that of nonheating sea mustard, although the compositions of crude ash and pectin were no significant differences between two kinds of different pretreatment extracts. The supernatant extract ratio was slightly higher level in the heating pretreatment enzyme extracts than non-heating pretreatment extracts and the level of extracts prepared with only celluclast enzyme was higher than using only pectinex and the mixture of two enzymes. The general sensory evaluation value of jelly made from non-heating pretreatment extracts was higher than that from heating pretreatment extracts except on the taste and the texture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 2006

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of combined extract of safflower seed with herbs on the improvement of blood glucose, lipid peroxides, lipids in the plasma and liver of strpetozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats in the experimental group were orally administered with combined extract of safflower seed (100 mg, 200 mg/kg B.W.) with herbs (Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gaqler, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Mori Folium, Poria cocos, Rehmannia glutinosa, Eriobtrya japonica, Aralia continentalis Kitagawa, Zizyphus jujuba var, Cornus officinalis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim and Schizandra chinensis Baill) for 4 weeks. Body weight gain and food efficiency ratio were significantly lower in diabetic groups than those of control group. These were no protective effect of the supplementation of combined extract of safflower seed with herbs. Concentration of blood glucose was significantly higher in the diabetic groups than those in the control group. Blood glucose concentration was remarkably lower supplementation of combined extract of safflower seed (200 mg/kg B.W.) with herbs. There was no significant difference of plasma lipid peroxides among experimental groups, while liver lipid peroxides of diabetic group was significantly higher in control group. But supplementation of combined extract of safflower seed with herbs was induced markedly lower in liver lipid peroxides in diabetic rats. Diabetic groups had markedly higher levels in triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index, while had lower HDL-cholesterol level. Triglyceride levels of plasma and liver were significantly lower with combined extract of safflower seed with herbs. But total cholesterol, phospholipid and free fatty acid were no differing significantly among experimental groups.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to establish optimized extraction conditions for Lilium bulb and Lespedeza cuneata G. Don and to investigate the storage stability of beverages containing extracts. The hot-water extract and the 60% ethanol extract had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activities as well as the highest total polyphenol content. The total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were the highest when the Lilium bulb extract was mixed with the Lespedeza cuneata G. Don extract at the ratio of 1:4. Storage stability of beverages was determined during storage at 10, 25, and 35℃ for 6 months. The pH was decreased from 4.15 to 4.01-4.05, while the acidity was increased from 0.60% to 0.70-0.75% after storage for 6 months. The soluble solid contents were not changed during storage of 6 months. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was decreased after 4-6 months. The Hunter b (yellowness) values decreased at 35℃ after storage for 6 months while the lightness (L) and redness (a) were not changed during storage for 6 months. The total saponin content was not remarkably changed during 2 months of storage, while it decreased after 4-6 months of storage. The flavonoid content was decreased 47% and 55% from an intial 21.7 mg/100 mL to 10.3 mg/100 mL and 12.0 mg/100 mL after 1 month of storage and then remained stable until 6 months. General bacteria and coliform group were not detected during storage for 6 months.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.50-56
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• 2016

Extraction behaviour of silver from nitric acid solutions by Cyanex 301 as an extractant was examined. Detailed studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of different variables influencing the extraction such as concentration of nitric acid and extractant, phase ratio(O/A) and synergism of mixed extractant. The extraction behaviour of associated metals namely Ca, Al, Fe, Zn and Sr has been investigated. The extraction results show that Ag can be extracted effectively by Cyanex 301 and selectively extracted from 3.0M $HNO_3$ using 5% Cyanex 301. Impurity metals loaded in organic phase can be effective scrubbed by 4.0M HCl. Finally, pure silver solution can be obtained efficiently by thiourea as a stripping reagent.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2017

Traditional Korean fermented herbal plants are potential sources of new food that promote health, but they are still produced by yeast, fungi or bacteria fermentation. In the present work, mushroom (Paecilomyces tenuipes and Cordyceps militaris) fungal dongchunghacho were used to fermented Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer (licorice) or mixed with pupa. The pupa were tested as solid substrates for the production of corcycepin, liquiritin, and liquiritigenin. The fermented substrates were analyzed the content of cordycepin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, and glycirrhizin productivity and inhibitory activity of NO. The cordycepin content of 70% EtOH extract from the fermented mixture of licorice and 50% pupa with C. militaris increased maximum at 33 times. Pupa was very excellent for the production of cordycepin. The liquiritin content was decreased in all the assays inoculated with P. tenuipes and C. militaris dongchunghachos. The liquiritigenin content was higher when fermented with P. tenuipes than C. militaris. The addition of pupa significantly reduced the liquiritin content and glycyrrhizin production. As a result, the liquiritigenin content increased in fermented P. tenuipes and C. militaris, and liquiritin and glycyrrhizin decreased. The inhibition of NO production in the different ethanolic extracts fermented with licorice and pupa was also significantly increased and higher than that of a nonfermented extract in higher polar solvent extracts. The contents of cordycepin and biological active compounds were altered in accordance with the concentration of pupa and fungi. This study provides basic data for use in developing dongchunghacho fungi as a functional food resource.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.435-439
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• 2013

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M27 was selected as a control agent for the biological control of cucumber powdery mildew. The new mixture of B.amyloliquefaciens M27 and plant (Eucalytus) extract was developed to improve the control activity of B.amyloliquefaciens M27 against cucumber powdery mildew. The mixed formulation showed the high preventive and curative control effect against cucumber powdery mildew when it was diluted at 500 times and foliar-sprayed. Its control effect was higher in preventive spraying than curative spraying. When 500-fold diluted solution of the formulation was sprayed preventively four times at five-day intervals, three times at seven-day intervals and twice at ten-day intervals, the diseased leaf area was shown to be 4.4%, 8.0%, 27.9%, respectively; Whereas the diseased leaf area in the control plot was 45.4%. When the 500-fold diluted formulation was sprayed curatively four times at five-day intervals, three times at seven-day intervals and twice at ten-day intervals after occurred cucumber powdery mildew, the diseases leaf area was 11.5%, 25.2%, 51.8%, respectively; whereas in the control plot, the diseases leaf area was 64.3%. When the 500-fold diluted formulation was treated four times at five-day intervals in the plastic house, its control effect was higher than that treated three times at seven-day intervals and twice at ten-day intervals. As the results, the mixed formulation of B.amyloliquefaciens M27 and plant extract could be a promising candidate of bio-fungicides for the environment-friendly control of powdery mildew of cucumber.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 1999

Autotoxic substance(s) from alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) plants reduces germination and growth of adjacent new alfalfa after alfalfa. The autotoxic chemical(s) in alfalfa are clearly unknown. Our objective was to improve the sensitivity of an alfalfa seedling bioassay for evaluating autotoxic leaf extracts. We determined critical extract concentrations that inhibit seed germination and seedling growth, compared two different culture media, and evaluated the effects of extract sterilization on the sensitivity of the assay, by using streptomycin and autoclaving method. An agar medium in petri plate gave better responses of germination and seedling growth to the extracts than using filter paper in the plate. On agar medium, the concentration of extract required to reach 50% inhibition of root length was 2.7 g $kg^{-1}$, and of germination and hypocotyl length were 3.8 and 9.9 g $kg^{-1}$, respectively. Leaf extracts with 100 ppm streptomycin stimulated germination significantly compared to Leaf extract alone but reduced root length of control by 43%. Root length was more sensitive to the autotoxin(s) than was germination or hypocotyl length. These results suggest that agar medium mixed with extract and sterilization by autoclaving could be improved the consistency and precision of bioassay, and that root length was the best parameter of autotoxic effect of alfalfa leaf extract.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3358-3365
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Sorbus commixta (SC), Geranium thunbergii (GT) and their mixture (SC:GT=1:1, MIX) on inhibition of bone loss and chondral defect. To examine their activities, we measured the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells and performed tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) staining in osteoclast differentiated from Raw264.7 cells. To investigate the influence on chondrocyte differentiation, we performed alcian-blue staining in chondrocyte differentiated from ATDC5 cells. All of SC, GT and MIX did not increase ALP activity in MG-63 cells. However, SC and mixture (SC:GT=1:1, MIX) significantly inhibited osteoclastic differentiation. And they also induced chondrocyte differentiation. These results suggest that SC and GT may have a potential for the treatment of bone loss and chondral defect by suppression of osteoclast differentiation and stimulation of chondrocyte differentiation. Therefore, clarification of their mechanisms and active components will be needed.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.spc
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• pp.99-106
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• 2008

We examined the effects of crude and eight pure material (${\beta}$-sitosterol, ${\beta}$-sitosterol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, 1-tetratriacontanol, hentriacontane, orizaterpenoid, stigmas-5-en-$3{\alpha}$ 26-diacetate, stearic acid, myristic acid), extracted from rice hull, on growth inhibition of toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa NIER 10010. Strains of M. aeruginosa and Daphnia magna, obtained from the NIER (Korea) and BBE (Germany), were cultured in the CB medium with hard water. For all four treatment concentrations 0, 10, 100 and $1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$) of the crude extract, the cell number of M. aeruginosa was reduced by $59{\sim}73%$ during the 7-day test period. Among eight kinds of pure extracts, ${\beta}$-sitosterol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, hentriacontane and orizaterpenoid $(1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1})$ exhibited relatively higher growth inhibition compared with other pure extracts. The mixture of three pure extracts (${\beta}$-sitosterol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, hentriacontane and orizaterpenoid) showed the highest growth inhibition at $1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$. Therefore, the synergistic effect was significantly highlighted by a mixture of the three pure extracts (p<0.05). Under the condition of $1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ in the crude extracts, D. magna exhibited survival rate by >85% for 96 hours. In conclusion, the growth inhibition of M. aeruginosa was probably attributed to the synergistic effect of various compounds extracted from the rice hull.