• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.292-300
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• 2016

Diverse and comprehensive countermeasures were established to prevent water pollution in coastal areas such as constructed wetlands(CW).This study was conducted to assess the water quality improvement through CW constructed along the shoreline of Hwaseong coastal reservoir. The CW is located in Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do and consisted of a forebay and a wetland. The CW was monitored twice during rainy days and 10 times during dry days. The monitoring results indicated that in and out flowrates were highly correlated with COD and TN loads. COD, TN and TP concentrations in the forebay was lower during dry days than rainy days. However, concentration and mass removal efficiencies of COD, TN and TP were greater during rainy days. In addition, the volume flowing into the CW was less compared to the outflow during rainy days indicating that the CW efficiently reduced the runoff volume. The overall pollutant removal efficiency of the CW were at least 50% for TSS, 20 to 35% for TP, and 26 to 94% for TN. The data gathered may be used to improve the pollutant removal efficiency of the system in the future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.495-507
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• 2021

With the recent industrial development, accidental pollution in riverine environments has frequently occurred. It is thus necessary to simulate pollutant transport and dispersion using water quality models for predicting pollutant residence times. In this study, we conducted a field experiment in a meandering reach of the Sum River, South Korea, to validate the field applicability and prediction accuracy of RAMS+ (River Analysis and Modeling System+), which is a two-dimensional (2D) stream flow/water quality analysis program. As a result of the simulation, the flow analysis model HDM-2Di and the water quality analysis model CTM-2D-TX accurately simulated the 2D flow characteristics, and transport and mixing behaviors of the pollutant tracer, respectively. In particular, CTM-2D-TX adequately reproduced the elongation of the pollutant cloud, caused by the storage effect associated with local low-velocity zones. Furthermore, the transport model effectively simulated the secondary flow-driven lateral mixing at the meander bend via 2D dispersion coefficients. We calculated the residence time for the critical concentration, and it was elucidated that the calculated residence times are spatially heterogeneous, even in the channel-width direction. The findings of this study suggest that the 2D water quality model could be the accidental pollution analysis tool more efficient and accurate than one-dimensional models, which cannot produce the 2D information such as the 2D residence time distribution.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a multi-metric Lentic Ecosystem Health Assessment (LEHA) model and apply model to dataset sampled from Daechung Reservoir in September 2005. The metrics were composed of 11 parameters such as physical, chemical and biological variables. The metric attributes of $M_1{\sim}M_8$ followed after the model of biological integrity using fish assemblages that previously adapted in lotic ecosystems, while the metrics of $M_9{\sim}M_{11}$ were added on the basis of literature. The metric of $M_9$ reflected habitat conditions in the littoral zone and the metric of $M_{10}$ reflected chemical conditions of the reservoir. For the application of regression analysis of long-transformed conductivity [$Log_{10}$(Cond)] against $COD_{Mn}$, based on 150 sampling sites at Korean reservoirs, showed that the variation of conductivity was explained 77.4% [$COD_{Mn}=4.42{\times}Log_{10}(Cond)-5.43;\;R^2=0.774$, p<0.01, n=150] by the variation of $COD_{Mn}$. The metric of $M_{11}$ was based on Tropic State Index (TSI), based on chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ concentrations (Chl-${\alpha}$). Analysis of TSI $(Chl-{\alpha})$ showed that above 50 was estimated "1", $40{\sim}50$ was estimated "3" and below 40% was estimated '5'. Overall, velues of LEHA in the reservoir averaged 30.5, indicating a "fair${\sim}$poor condition", which is judged by the criteria of U.S. EPA (1993). More studies such as metric numbers and attributes should be done for the application of the model.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.263-271
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• 2016

This study investigated the hydraulic impact scope and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration distribution by the micro-bubble aeration in the Juksan Lake located in Asan city in Chungcheongnam-do province. A tracing experiment for hydraulic impact scope was used which constituted a 20% rhodamine solution. A 160 m-guideline was installed in the horizontal direction of the micro-bubble jet flow and the rhodamine concentration, water temperature, and DO concentration were measured at depths of 1 m, 2 m, and 3 m at intervals of 10 m. In the Juksan Lake, the effective range of jet flow discharged by the micro-bubble generator was about 40 m, and after then the jet plume moved up to 80 m to 120 m through the advection and diffusion processes of ambient water. DO concentration in the lake was maintained at 7.4-12.6 mg/L during tracking experiment. The DO of the lake sediments improved from 0.2 mg/L to 8.0 mg/L after applying micro-bubble aeration. In conclusion, the micro-bubble aeration can be an effective technology for the management and improvement of water quality in an agricultural reservoir.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2001

Joongpyong reservoir and Guiseok pumping station were selected as the hydrologic monitoring sites for the water level gauging and amount of irrigation water use, and water samples were taken and analysed periodically. Rating curves were derived from the relations water level and discharge data, and water supply through culvert of the Joongpyong reservoir was $593,200m^3$ and irrigation water $2,913,000m^3$ from the Guiseok pumping station. Changes of stream water qualities such as water temperature, pH, EC, total nitrogen, total phosphorus were examined, pH was 6.98.1 lower than the criteria of agricultural water 6.0~8.5, total nitrogen $0.9{\sim}4.5mg\;L^{-1}$, total phosphorus $0.008{\sim}0.036mg\;L^{-1}$. The results from this study could be offered as a basic data for the irrigation plan and water quality management.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.36 no.3 s.104
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• pp.344-355
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• 2003

Water quality model applicable paddy field was developed using field experiment during 1999 ${\sim}$ 2002. This model involves inputs from fertilization and sediment release as dirac delta function and continuous source function, respectively, and can simulate various processes such as ponded depth, surface drainage, total nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in a daily basis. The model was calibrated using data collected from field experiments which was irrigated with ground water and validated from field experiments which was irrigated with surface water. The nutrient concentration of surface water depended on the fertilization and dirac delta function can efficiently explain the valiance of nutrient concentration of surface water by fertilizer. As a result of calibration and validation, this model demonstrates good agreement. The model fit efficiencies ($R^2$) of ponded depth, surface concentration of TN and TP were 0.93,0.98 and 0.95, respectively for calibration, and those of TN and TP were 0.99 and 0.70, respectively for validation. We can apply lake and reservoir model to analysis paddy field considered with shallow ponded system, but it will need so many parameters and have much uncertainty. Fortunately, paddy field have a series of cultural practices yearly basis, such as irrigation-fertilization-forced drain-harvest with a similar time , so simple model may explain the mechanism for paddy field. Water quality model for paddy field developed in this study is simply, needs little parameters, but appeared high applicability to evaluate paddy filed drainage. We recommend this model to estimate nutrient loading from paddy field and establish best management practice.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.161-170
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• 1994

Traditional methods for the extraction of the environmental factors of waters in which environmental change is severer than in the land can not examine closely the changed phenomena because of the lack of equipments, manpower, time and cost, etc. Therefore, new practical and efficient methods are required. The research for the method to manage environment of the waters with remote sensing technology was needed. This study examined the interrelations between the data by an on-the-spot survey and Landsat TM data and presented the model for extracting factors of water quality with regression analysis and experimental formula.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.94-103
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• 2006

The pollution in closing water can be caused by not only artificial factor like sewage but also natural factor like elution from sediment. In this study we analyzed Sediment Oxygen Demand (SOD) for verification of sediment purification effect and sediment elution experiment as well as general items like COD, TN, TP, SS to complement and assess the effect of sediment and water quality. The experiment result showed that the release rate of OSD system were 4 times and 3 times as large as control for P and Fe respectively. SOD for operated OSD system and control were $12.18gO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$ and $47.95gO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$. From water qualities analyzed by COD, TN, TP, SS, chlorophyll-a, the removal efficiency increase of TN, TP, chlorophyll-a and COD were about 10~20%, 40~50% and 10% respectively. In conclusion, OSD can contribute to improvement of both the waterbody and the sediment environment effectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.933-936
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• 2006

비점오염원은 특정한 시설이나 장소를 나타내기 보다는 농지에 살포된 비료 및 농약, 대기오염물질 강하물, 축사에서의 유출물, 도로상에 쌓인 교통오염물질, 하수관거에서 유출되는 하수 등으로 강우시 빗물과 함께 유출되는 오염물질로 정의되며, 비점오염물질을 발생시키는 곳은 비점오염원으로 규정하고 있다. 비점오염원은 경제활동수준이 증가하고 토지이용이 고도화될수록 수질에 미치는 영향이 커지게 되며, 점오염원의 부하가 줄어들수록 비점오염원에 의한 부하비율은 증가하게 된다. 따라서 비점오염에 대한 체계적인 관리 없이 하천이나 호소 수질을 개선하는 데는 그 한계가 있다. 또한 체계적인 관리 이전에 적절한 비점오염원의 해석이 무엇보다도 중요하므로 본 연구에서는 적절한 비점오염원 모형 검토를 선행하였다. 가용 자료의 존재 여부 및 해석 시 사용하는 방정식 등을 고려하여 선정한 모형은 USDA-ARS(US Department of Agriculture-the Agricultural Research Service)에서 개발된 SWAT 모형으로 본 연구에 이용되었다. SWAT 모형에 이용되는 자료는 크게 유역자료, 강우자료, 기상자료, 검정에 이용되는 유량 및 오염물질 농도로 분류될 수 있다. 본 모형에 이용되는 광범위한 자료를 수집하여 해석을 수행하였다. 비점오염원 해석의 검보정을 위해 점오염원의 영향이 크지 않은 소유역 유출지점을 선정하여 해석하여 비교적 합리적인 결과를 도출하였다. 차후 연구에서 보다 합리적인 해석을 위해 데이터베이스의 재검토가 절실한 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1673-1677
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• 2009

영산강 수계내의 연구기관 및 지자체 등 유관기관에서는 각종 연구사업 및 조사사업이 활발하게 진행되고 있으며, 지속해 매년 많은 예산과 전문 인력이 투입되고 있다. 또한 수행된 사업에서 산출된 연구결과나 조사결과 등의 자료는 영산강 수계내의 유역특성, 수계특성, 하천특성, 호소특성 등을 분석하고 평가하는데 매우 유용한 자료로 활용된다. 이러한 관점에서 유역내의 전문가, 민간단체, 정부기관, 학계 등의 유기적인 교류를 통해 정보의 합리적 관리 및 공유가 필요하며, 서로의 이해관계를 유기적으로 결합하여, 더 나아가 TFT(Task Force Team) 운영 등의 방안도 제시할 수 있는 여건의 필요성이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 영산강 웹기반 연구 네트워크 및 유역환경정보시스템을 통해 영산강 유역내의 물환경 인프라를 확충에 그 목적이 있다. 수계내의 기상, 수문 및 수질관련 자료를 구축하여 제공하며, 수질, 오염원, 생태조사 등의 현장조사에 의한 성과자료의 정보 활용을 위한 시스템을 구축하여, 조사연구사업 지원 및 환경정책결정 기초자료로 활용함으로써 관계기관과 전문가단체 등의 정보 교류의 장으로 활용하고자 한다. 또한 기존의 영산강 수계통합관리시스템의 연계를 통한 측정망자료 및 환경기초시설 현황 등의 자료의 접근을 강화하고자 한다.