• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2017

본 연구는 오미자 발효액을 이용하여 호밀 사워반죽을 제조하여 발효 특성을 살펴봄으로써 제빵 이용 가능성에 대한 기초 자료를 얻기 위해 시도되었다. 오미자 호밀 사워반죽과 호밀 사워반죽의 pH와 총산도, 효모와 젖산세균수, 팽창률을 측정하였다. 오미자 호밀 사워반죽과 호밀 사워반죽 모두 발효 시간이 경과할수록 pH는 유의적으로 감소한 반면 총산도는 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 오미자 호밀 사워반죽에 존재하는 젖산세균수는 대부분의 발효기간 중에 호밀 사워반죽 보다 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 오미자 호밀 사워반죽의 팽창률은 최고치가 183%로 호밀 사워반죽의 최고치인 129%보다 47% 이상 팽창한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과 효모와 젖산세균이 풍부한 오미자 발효액을 호밀가루에 첨가하여 사워반죽을 제조할 경우 pH가 낮아져 발효 초기 부패균 억제 및 항진균 효과가 있을 것으로 사료되며 풍부한 효모와 젖산세균들로 인해 높은 팽창률을 보인 것으로 보아 오미자 호밀 사워반죽을 이용해 빵을 제조할 경우 부피 증가, 풍미향상 등 제빵 품질 개선에 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.170-179
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• 2009

This study examined effects on shelf-life extension and prevention of starch retrogradation in rye-wheat mixed bread (RWMB) samples prepared with substitutions of 20, 40, 60, and 80% rye sourdough (RSD) as well as a control made with the addition of naturally fermented raisin extract. These effects were investigated using mold growth, water activity, and textural characteristics during a storage period of 8 days at $20^{\circ}C$. The activities of the rye sourdough were examined in terms of pH, total titratable acidity, general bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast counts. As the incubation time of the sour dough increased, pH decreased, while total titratable acidity increased. General bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast counts increased with increasing incubation time. Mold grew on the external surface of the control group after 6 days and on the surface of the RSD bread samples after 8 days, respectively. With regard to water activity, the control group had increasing activity as the storage period increased. In addition, the 20, 40, 60, and 80% RSD samples had increasing water activities until the 4th day however, these strongly decreased by the 6th day. In terms of textural characteristics, as the storage period increased, hardness increased, while springiness, cohesiveness, and resilience decreased. There were no significant differences in gumminess among the samples. The control, 20, 40, and 60% RSD samples had decreases in chewiness with increasing storage time, however, the 40% RSD sample did not differ significantly during the storage period. Finally, water activity was negatively correlated with hardness (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that substituting rye sourdough in rye-wheat mixed bread has a prolongation effect on shelf-life, but no effect on the prevention of starch retrogradation.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2008

In this study, a nanatural fermentation starter formulation was developed for manufacturing bread products by substituting baker's yeast with naturally fermented raisin extract and sourdough. Four experimental groups containing 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10% naturally fermented raisin extract per 2,000 g of flour were compared based on quality characteristics, including the fermentation power on dough expansion, specific volume, baking loss, water activity, color, textural characteristics, and internal surface appearance. The activities of the naturally fermented raisin extract were examined in terms of pH changes, total titratable acidity, brix, and viable yeast counts. The raisin extract, which was cultured for 7 days at 30$^{\circ}C$, smelled of alcohol and produced $CO_2$. Yeast were also found in the extract after separation. As the incubation time of the raisin extract and sourdough increased, pH decreased, while total titratable acidity increased. The brix of the raisin extract increased until the $2^{nd}$ day of fermentation, and viable yeast counts increased until the $5^{th}$ day however, these gradually decreased by the $7^{th}$ day. The fermenting power on dough expansion increased in the bread with increasing incubation time. The bread samples containing 7.5% and 10% raisin extract had significantly higher specific volumes than the other samples. Baking loss was minimal with the 2.5% extract substitution. In analyzing the crumb, water activity, redness, and yellowness were highest in the 10.0% raisin extract bread samples, and lightness was maximal in the 5.0% group. In terms of textural characteristics, hardness was lowest with the 2.5% extract substitution. Gumminess, springiness, and chewiness were not significantly different among the bread samples. Cohesiveness was highest at the 7.5% extract substitution level, and resilience was lowest at the 10% level. In conclusion, based on the results, a natural fermentation starter formulated with 2.5% naturally fermented raisin extract (1 part raisins and 1.5 parts water) and 70% sourdough (1 part rye flour and 1 part water) has high potential as a baker's yeast substitute for making naturally fermented bread.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.253-267
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• 1998

현재 보리를 뜻하는 맥(麥)은 보리, 밀, 호밀 등을 포함하는 맥류(麥類)의 총칭으로도 사용되고 있다. 하지만 맥(麥)의 글자가 처음 형성되었을 때에는 밀의 의미였으며, 시간이 흐름에 따라 차츰 밀(소맥(小麥))과 보리(대맥(大麥))를 동시에 뜻하는 단어가 되었고 지금은 보리만을 의미하는 단어가 되었다. 따라서 모맥은 '보리'가 아닌 '보리와 밀'로 번역되어져야만 한다. 1619년에 나온 고상안(高尙顔)의 "농가월령(農家月令)"을 통하여 우리 나라는 서양보다 300여 년이나 앞서 춘화처리(Vernalization)를 실용화하였음을 알 수 있다. 이는 봄여름에 자라 온열지기(溫熱之氣)(양기(陽氣))만 있는 춘파맥류는 사계절(춘하추동(春夏秋冬))에 자라 온열양한지기(溫熱凉寒之氣)(양기(陽氣) + 음기(陰氣))를 고루 갖춘 추파맥류에 비해 기운이 부족하다는 한의학적 개념에서 비롯되었다. 즉 가을에 파종하지 못한 가을보리를 인위적으로 저온처리(음기(陰氣)=가을겨울 기운)를 한 다음 봄에 파종하면, 가을보리를 봄에 심었을 때 생식생장을 하지 못하여 열매를 맺지 못하는 좌지현상(座止現象)을 방지할 수 있어 농업 생산력을 높일 수 있었다. 보리는 음청지기(陰淸之氣)가 보명지주(保命之主)인 소양인에게 권장되고, 부풀어지는 성질이 있어 빵의 원료로 사용되는 밀은 호산지기(呼散之氣)가 보명지주(保命之主)인 태음인에게 알맞은 식품이라 하겠다.