• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.75-90
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• 1991

This study is to characterize the effects of swimming exercise on the composition of muscle fibers in rats lower limb tissue. By comparing the exercised group (4, 8 weeks) with the control group, we analyzed the difference histologically, histochemically and morphometrically. The obtained results are as follows ; 1. In the histological view, the distance between the individual muscle fibers and the muscle bundles in exercised group was shorter than that of control group. The irregular shape of sarcolemma in exercised group was observed. 2, In the histochemical view(NADH-TR. and Myosin ATPase reaction analysis), the increased populations of red and intermediate fibers were observed, whereas the white fiber was decreased. 3. In the morphometrical view, the red and intermediate fibers of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius in exercised group were quantitatively increased, compared with control group. However, the white fiber and connective tissue in exercised group were decreased.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 1992

The skin of fishes is also the important external barrier against a variety of the environmental detrimental agents, allowing normal internal physiological function, so its condition is very important in many disease processes. Since fishes are aquatic, morphologically and physiologically they posses specific characteristics lacking in terrestial animals. Thus, it is necessary to keep in mind various specific histologic characteristics for a precise interpretation of the histopathological lesions. In the normal environment the fish skin is more subtly adapted for its physiological requirements as a limiting barrier than the skin of higher terrestial vertebrates. However, its delicacy makes it high vulnerable to damage in fish culture facilities or polluted waters. Although changes in the skin of fish such as discoloration, ulcerative lesions, are the the most readily observed clinical features of fish, there is a wide variety of possible responses, which are best considered in terms of their site within the skin. Up to now, there are relatively few sytematically described information on the histological structure of the teleost skin as well as integrated reviews of the range of pathological processes that can occur in teleost skin. Therefore it was tried in this article to rearrange the information already described by other investigators on the histological structure and histopathological changes of teleost skin.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.496-504
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• 1993

한국산 플라나리아 Phagocata vivida의 인두에서 다음과 같은 점액과립들을 관찰하였는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 인두외강의 인두측 상피조직과 내측부의 유조직에서 조직화학적 및 미세구조적 특징에 따라 5종류의 점액과립(G1형, G2형, G3형, G4형 및 G5형)이 관찰되었다. methylene blue-baslc fuchsin 이중염색을 시행한 결과 G1형, G3형 및 G4형 과립은 methylene blue에만 양성반응을 보인데 비해 G2형 및 G5형 과립은 두 염색액에 모두 양성반응을 보였다. G1형과 G3형 과립은 그 크기가 0.5mm정도이고. 전자밀도가 매우 높게 나타났으며 특히 G1형 과립에서는 흰 반점과 줄무의가 관찰되었다 G2형 과립은 그 크기가 0.750m정도이고, 전자밀도는 G3형 과립에 비해 약간 낮았다. G4형 과립은 그 크기가 0.3mm정도로 매우 작고, 전자밀도는 낮아서 밝게 보였다. G5형 과립은 그 크기가 0.4$\times$0.3mm정도이고. 전자밀도가 낮게 나타났으며 배상세포 형태를 하고 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.395-403
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• 1992

화에 따른 연두금파리(Lucilia illustris Meigen) 타액선의 미세구조 변화와 타액선 내부에 함유된 분비물질의 형성과정 및 물질의 성분을 전자현미경 및 효소세포화학적 방법으로 관찰하였 다. 종령유충기의 타액선은 식도의 좌우에 위치한 한쌍의 반투명한 관으로 단층으로 배열된 편평형의 세포들로 이루어져 있었다. 세포질에는 조면소포체와 골지복합체가 풍부하였고, 세포내 물질의 생성이 매우 활발하였으며, 세포질내에 축적된 분비과립은 부분분비에 의해 배출되었다. 전용기의 타액선은 세포가 비후해짐에 따라 타액선의 내감이 줄어들며 타액선의 길이도 감소하였으며, 세포질내 조면소포체의 양적 감소와 대형분비과립의 형성이 현저하였다. 용기에는 대형의 자식성 액포들이 황범위하게 형성되어 있었으며 이는 유충시기의 타액선이 변태과정을 거치며 퇴화되는 것으로 사료되었다. 타액선 세포에 대한 acid phosphatase외 반응은 주로 내강면에 인접한 리소조옴에서 양성반응이 나타났으며, 종령유충 시기의 타액선 세포질내 지질성분은 주로 기저부에 존재하였으나, 용 형성 48시간 이후에는 관찰되지 않았다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.24 no.4 s.65
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• pp.231-238
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• 1986

Molecular orbital theoretical study on the stability of conformations and chemical reactivity of 0,0-diethylphenylphosphate derivatives were carried out by EHT and CNDO/2 molecular orbital calculation method. The results shown that the dipole moment(${\mu}$) and total energies of the ${\theta}=90^{\circ}$ conformer were ${\mu}=3.185D\;&\;E_t=-162.6479(au)$ and also that of the ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$ conformer were ${\mu}=5.596D\;&\;E_t=-162.4013(au)$, respectively. Therefore, the values of ${\mu}\;&\;E_t$ of the ${\theta}=90^{\circ}$ conformer were much smaller than that of the ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$ conformer. The form with angle of rotation ${\theta}=90^{\circ}$ of phenyl ring was shown to be most stable and this was interpreted in terms of electrostatic and steric effect. 0,0-diethylphenylphosphate derivatives are predicted to increase both charge and orbital controlled $SN_2$ reactivity of the electron withdrawing substituent reduces the HOMO & LUMO energy, while the electron withdrawing substituent due to increase in positive charge of phosphorus atom of phosphate molecule.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1998

국내분리 소 로타바이러스의 genomic RNA 형태, 분리주간의 교차면역반응 그리고 단클론 항체를 이용한 중화시험에 의해 혈청형을 조사한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 국내분리주들의 genomic RNA 형태는 크게 NCDV 형태(7/11 시료)와 non-NCDV 형태(4/11 시료)의 두가지로 나타났다. 교차면역시험에서 표준주인 NCDV주에 대한 양성혈청은 국내분리주들에 대해서는 비교적 낮은 중화력을 나타내었으나 국내분리주에 대한 양성혈청들은 타 국내분리주 뿐만 아니라 NCDV주에 대해 서로 높은 중화력을 나타내었는데, 분리주 중 678, P44, M4에 대한 양성혈청은 NCDV를 포함한 대부분의 분리주에 대해 100%의 중화력을 나타내었다. 또한 288주에 대한 양성혈청은 288, 678,P44, M4주에 대해서는 높은 중화력을 나타내었으나 다른 분리주들에 대해서는 비교적 낮은 중화력을 나타내었다. 국내분리주의 단크론 항체를 이용한 G혈청형 감별결과는 G6유사형이 45.8%(11/24주), G10 유사형이 54.2%(13/24주)로서 두가지 G형이 존재하였다. 한편 G6형에 반응한 것들의 P형은 표준주인 NCDV주(P1)와는 다른 것으로 확인되었으며, G10 유사형에 속하는 14주는 모두 P11 혈청형으로 판명되었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1055-1064
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• 2006

Extremely slow growing anammox(anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bacteria were cultivated using a combination of UASB(Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor seeded with anaerobic granular sludge and carbon-fiber cultivating reactor. After 180 days of continuous cultivation, average nitrogen removal rate showed 0.54 kg $N/m^3-day$ when 0.6 kg $N/m^3-day$ of nitrogen loading was applied. The black granule was changed to brown and red granule as continuous operation, and the red granule was highly dependant on the high anammox activity. Microbial community structure of red granule in the UASB reactor was analyzed by molecular methods such as gene cloning, phylogenetic tree analysis, and FISH(Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) method. As a result of gene cloning and phylogenetic tree analysis, 5 kinds of phylum were found to be Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chlorobi and Chloroflexi. 13 clones were matched to anammox bacteria among 51 clones in the red anammox granule. In-silico test which used cloning information and FISH probe of the AMX368 was conducted to detect the presence of anammox bacteria in the red anammox granule. As a result of in-silico test only one clone was exactly matched to AMX368 but 11 clones was mutated one base among 18 bases representing all 12 clones are anammox bacteria. A filamentous Chloroflexi might be related to the granulation of anammox bacteria. As a result of FISH analysis, anammox bacteria was abundant in the red anammox granule.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.230-236
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• 1996

Pot experiment in greenhouse was conducted to determine the effect of growth and anatomical characteristics of bensulfuron on the seedlings of rice and barnyardgrass. Formulated bensulfuron was soil applied at 102g ai/ha to rice and barnyardgrass grown under various cropping patterns at 5 days after seeding or transplanting. At 10 days after application, plants were harvested to examine growth and anatomical changes of rice and barnyardgrass. Bensulfuron did not affect the growth and development of rites under dry seeded condition and trnsplanting condition while inhibited severely those of rice under water-seeded condition compared with untreated control. Under water-seeded condition, root growth of rice was much more severely inhibited by bensulfuron than shoot growth. The herbicide retarded the growth of barnyardgrass under dry-seeded condition and more severely inhibited than that under water-seeded condition. Microscopically, the anatomical change induced by bensulfuron occurred only in barnyardgrass under dry-seeded condition, and involved constriction of leaf primordia within leaf sheaths, rupture of mesophyll cell, and irregular cell arrangement. These anatomical alterations differed from and were not associated with the differential growth response.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.132-136
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• 2003

폐광된 광산에 방치된 폐광석에 함유되어 있는 황화광물이 분해되어 다른 광물에 흡착되거나, 산화환경에 안정한 형태의 2차 광물로 침전 혹은 공침 되는가에 대한 연구는 광산복 원을 결정하는데 직접적인 지구화학적 자료로 활용될 수 있다. 따라서 이번 연구에서는 청양광산에 방치된 폐광석을 대상으로 XRD, SEM/EDS연구를 이용하여 산화작용으로 인한 황화광물 주변에 침전된 2차 광물에 대한 광물학적 연구를 수행하였다. 광물학적 연구 결과, 산화환경에서 황화광물의 산화작용으로 인하여 용출된 중금속 이온과 철과 망간 이온들은 침전(Fe, Mn, Pb), 공침 (Fe, Mn, As, Pb) 및 흡착(As, Cu, Pb, Zn) 등의 화학반응을 통하여 다시 고정화됨으로서, 현장에서 자연적으로 정화되고 있는 것이 확인되었다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.218-231
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• 1999

Pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA area were recorded from and filled with neurobiotin in anesthetized rats. The extent of their dendrites and the electropharmacological properties of membrane as well as the effect before and after neurobiotin injection were examined. Pyramidal cells had a high resting membrane potential, a low input resistance, and a large amplitude action potential. A afterhyperpolarization was followed a single action potential. Most pyramidal cells did not display a spontaneous firing. Pyramidal cell displayed weak inward rectification and anodal break excitation in response to negative current injection into the cell. Membrane properties of recorded neurons before and after neurobiotin injection with consecutive current injection were compared. Some properties were significantly increased after labelling(P>0.05); the duration and amplitude of sustained AHP, input resistance, and the number of action potentials for simultaneous intra- and extracellular stimulations. Neurobiotin-filled neurons showed pyramidal morphology. Cells were generally bipolar dendrite processes ramifying in stratum lacunosum-moleculare, radiatum, and oriens.