• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.519-526
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• 2003

Pancreatic lipase and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activities in purified extracts of pumpkin and job's tear were studied. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the rate of releasing oleic acid from triolein, and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity was determined by iodometric method. The extracts of pumpkin and job's tear were purified using silica gel and C-18 gel column chromatographies. Treatment of pumpkin extract $(120\;{\mu}g/mL)$ in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte decreased differentiation about 95% and blocked accumulation of lipid. Body weights of rats fed high-fat diet containing dietary supplement decreased about 13% as compared with those fed only highfat diet. These results revealed dietary supplement is a good obesity-reducing material for decreasing lipid and carbohydrate absorptions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.367-370
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• 2009

A 5-year-old, intact female Shih-Tzu dog was presented with 1 year history of icterus, ascites and anorexia. The serum biochemistry revealed elevated liver enzyme levels. Microhepatica and decreased serosal detail were detected in abdominal radiography. Abdominal ultrasonographic findings included irregular liver margins, multifocal hypoechoic nodules in the liver parenchyma, and ascites. Computed tomography (CT) showed multifocal hypodense nodules with ring-like contrast enhancement. Cytologic and histopathologic examination by liver core biopsy revealed fibrosis. Cirrhosis was diagnosed based on above results. This report focuses on the imaging characteristics of ultrasonography and CT for liver cirrhosis in a dog.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.443-451
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• 2020

Recently, thrombotic diseases have become rapidly more prevalent due to Westernized lifestyles and high-fat diets. In this study, the anti-thrombosis activities of the aerial parts of Sageretia thea were evaluated using ethanol extracts of the leaf (ST-L), branch (ST-B), and fruit (ST-F), and their anti-coagulation, platelet aggregation inhibition, and hemolytic toxicity were assessed. In comparison to the ST-F extract, the ST-B exhibited 6.7 times more polyphenol content, and the ST-L had 2.7 times more total flavonoid content. The ST-L and ST-B extracts showed stronger inhibitions of thrombin, prothrombin, and blood coagulation factors than aspirin, berry extracts, or commercial oriental herbs. Furthermore, ST-L and ST-B showed superior platelet aggregation-inhibitory activities than aspirin. The ST-F extract demonstrated only minor anti-thrombosis effects, and none of the extracts showed hemolysis against red blood cells up to 1 mg/ml. Phenolic acid and flavonoid analysis of the ST-L and ST-B extracts showed abundant rutin, isoquercitrin, and astragalin as the major active compounds. Further research on the anti-thrombotic activity of isoquercitrin, a rare flavonoid from quercetin, is necessary. This is the first report of isoquercitrin in Sageretia thea, and our results suggest that ST-L and ST-B extracts could therefore developed as anti-thrombosis agents.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.417-428
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• 2008

An experiment was conducted with 80 male rats for 4 weeks to investigate the effect of water soluble extracts(WSE) from different sections of farmed Elk(Cervus elaphus) antler on lipid metabolism and hematology. Antlers were divided into four sections of tip, upper, middle and base. Water soluble extract(35g/60ml) was prepared from each section of antler, and was administered orally to male Sprague- Dawley rats(10ml/kg body weight) once a day. Administration of WSE from upper, middle and base sections of antler decreased(P<0.0027) AST values at 3 weeks of feeding, however AST value was decreased(P< 0.0136) in the WSE of base section compared to that of control at 4 weeks of feeding. Administration of antler WSE for 4 weeks decreased total cholesterol in visceral fat(P<0.0035) and liver(P<0.0003) at 4 weeks of feeding compared to those of control. Feeding antler WSE for 4 weeks increased the compositions of C14:0(P<0.0037), C16:1(P<0.0061), C18:1(P<0.0066), C18:2(P< 0.0069) and C18:3(P<0.0035) in the visceral fat compared with that of control.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.153-162
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate a proper management and nutrient supply for raising replacement heifers to improve lactating performance. In order to determine a proper TDN/CP ratio that would be suitable for domestic use, 13-month-old replacement heifers were fed in the ratios of 4.6:1(T1) and 4.3:1(T2), respectively, to examine the changes in nutritional intake, digestibility, characteristics of rumen fluid and blood compositions. While dry matter intake was same at 9.0kg/day, CP intake did not show any significant difference, though T2(1.45kg/day) was slightly higher than T1(1.34kg/day). In fiber intake and digestibility, two results showed no significant difference, though T1 was slightly higher than T2. The pH, NH3-N and VFA densities in rumen fluid examined at the fourth hour after feed intake did not show any significant difference either. Overall level of VFA was not influenced largely by the TDN/CP ratio, but the iso-butyrate and iso-valerate levels and the A/P ratio were significantly high in T1(p<0.05). In blood characteristics, the treatments showed no significant difference. In conclusion, the TDN/CP ratios of 4.3:1 and 4.6:1 did not significantly affect the characteristics of the ruminant stomach, but in comparison with digestibility of 13-month-old heifers, the ratio of 4.6:1 was more appropriate for increased intake of fiber and higher digestibility.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.392-400
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of various periods of rye silage feeding on the growth performance, blood characteristics, and carcass quality of finishing pigs. A total of sixteen [($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$)] pigs (90.26 kg in average initial body weight) were tested in individual cages for a 30 day period. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (basal diet), 2) S10 (basal diet for 20 days and 3% rye silage for 10 days) 3) S20 (basal diet for 10 days and 3% rye silage for 20 days) and 4) S30 (3% rye silage for 30 days). There were no significant differences in the ADG and gain/feed ratio among the treatments(p>0.05), however the ADFI was higher in pigs fed the CON diet than with pigs fed diets with rye silage (p<0.05). The DM digestibility was higher with the S20 diet than with the S30 diet (p<0.05). With regard to blood characteristics, pigs fed rye silage had a significantly reduced cortisol concentration compared to pigs fed the CON diet (p<0.05). The backfat thickness was higher with the CON diet than with the S20 or S30 diets (p<0.05). Regarding the fatty acid contents of the leans, the C18:0 and total SFA were significantly higher with the CON diet than with the other diets (p<0.05). However, the C18:1n9, total MUFA and UFA/SFA levels were significantly lower with the CON diet than the other diets (p<0.05). Regarding the fatty acid contents of fat, the levels of C18:1n9 and MUFA were similar with the S20 and S30 diets, however, these levels were higher than with the CON or S10 diets (p<0.05). In conclusion, feed intake and DM digestibility were affected by rye silage, and the cortisol concentration, backfat thickness and fatty acid composition of pork were positively affected by feeding pigs rye silage.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.619-623
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• 1998

A 51-year-old male with chronic renal failure had marked swelling and tenderness of the right arm. Venography revealed central vein occlusion involving stenosis of right proximal subclavian vein, right internal jugular vein, and left distal innominate vein, and obstruction of right brachiocephalic vein. Multiple obstruction of these veins was thought to have resulted from repeated subclavian catheterization. Right subclavian-superior vena cava was bypassed with 10 mm Gore-tex vascular graft and then left subclavian vein with 8 mm Gore-tex vascular graft was bypassed to the 10 mm Gore-tex vascular graft. The results were excellent.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 1983

Weanling male rats were fed a semi - synthetic diet containing either 10% corn oil, or 10% hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) for 5 weeks. They were analyzed for plasma, liver, heart, testis, kidney and adrenal lipid compositions ; total lipids, total cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride. The rats fed essential fatty acids deficient diet grew comparably with corn oil group and did not any dermal symptoms of EFAs deficiency. The most remarkable changes found in lipids of rats in experimental groups were ; (1) an increase in the concentration of plasma TG and liver TG in HCO group. (2) a decrease in the concentration of plasma PL and an increase in the concentration of testis PL of HCO group. (3) A decrease in cholesterol level of testis, kidney and adrenal of HCO group. Although this study did not show the profound EFA deficiency in weanling rats, this study showed the possibility of early nutrition affecting subsequent development in various tissues.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1605-1610
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined exercise program and garlic pill intake on Body Composition, CRP and Adiponectin in obese high school male students. Twenty-one male students in city B volunteered to participate, and the signed consents were received before the study. Experimental groups were garlic pill intake with combined exercise group (n=7), combined exercise group (n=7), control group (n=7). The total experimental period was 16 weeks. The combined exercise group exercised 3 times a week for 16 weeks with intensity of RPE 7~15. Each exercise was 70 minutes long. A 5 g garlic pill was consumed after lunch and dinner every day. For statistics, two-way repeated test within the group was conducted through SPSS 12.0; for post-examination, Scheffe was utilized; and for inter-group examination, a paired t-test was used. The conclusions of this study are as follows. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significant decrease in %body fat. Within each group, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significantly greater decrease in %body fat than the control group. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significant decrease in LBM. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significant decrease in CRP. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group, combined exercise and control group showed a decrease in adiponectin. In conclusion, regular exercise and garlic pill intake improved % body fat in obese high school male students.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2012

This study was conducted to determine the possible use of Red Ginseng marc as stress inhibiter in thermal stress (temperature humidity index 86) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - exposed laying hens by investigating their effects on laying performance, blood biochemical parameters, immunoglobulin concentration and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) like ability. A total of forty-five 52-wk-old laying hens (ISA Brown) were divided into 3 treatment groups with 5 replicates of 3 birds in each group. NC (negative control, no immune substances), PC (positive control, ${\beta}$-glucan 25 ppm) and RGM (Red Ginseng Marc 3%) were added in feed with respective substance. Egg production in RGM was significantly increased in comparison with NC groups for 8 weeks (P<0.05). On blood biochemical parameters, effects of ambient temperature is definite by showing significant difference in aspartate aminotransferase and others (P<0.05), but RGM both before and after thermal stimulation have no significant difference in comparison with other groups. And for 3 weeks after thermal stimulation, laying performance was also not significantly different among treatments. Immunoglobulin M content and SOD like activities after challenge with LPS were higher in the RGM and PC than NC (P<0.05). In conclusion, although ineffective as inhibiter in thermal stress, dietary supplementation of Red Ginseng marc improved SOD like activity and immune system by regulating immunoglobulin content in laying hens. These findings have laid the foundation for future studies of immunomodulation in laying hens fed Red Ginseng Marc and of evaluation of heat stress inhibitor.