• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.791-801
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• 2021

In this paper, an educational case that can be applied as artificial intelligence literacy education for preservice teachers and incumbent teachers was studied. To this end, a case of educating the operating principle of an artificial neural network that recognizes images is proposed. This training case focuses on the basic principles of artificial neural network operation and implementation, and applies the method of finding parameter optimization solutions required for artificial neural network implementation in a spreadsheet. In this paper, we focused on the artificial neural network of supervised learning method. First, as an artificial neural network principle education case, an artificial neural network education case for recognizing two types of images was proposed. Second, as an artificial neural network extension education case, an artificial neural network education case for recognizing three types of images was proposed. Finally, the results of analyzing artificial neural network training cases and training satisfaction analysis results are presented. Through the proposed training case, it is possible to learn about the operation principle of artificial neural networks, the method of writing training data, the number of parameter calculations executed according to the amount of training data, and parameter optimization. The results of the education satisfaction survey for preservice teachers and incumbent teachers showed a positive response result of over 70% for each survey item, indicating high class application suitability.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 1998

The main purpose of Iowa Chautauqua Program(ICP) and Iowa-Scope, Sequence. and Coordination (Iowa-SS&C) was to educate K-12 science teachers so that they could teach science in a human context using the constructivist strategies. The major task for the participating teachers to perform was to develop modules with the emphasis on STS and constructivist approach. which were supposed to be taught in the respective classrooms. Teachers worked together for two weeks for the development of modules during the summer, and attempted the modules with their students. The participating teachers met regularly during the autumn semester to share and reflect their experiences and obtain additional information on science education reform and its implications. During the winter break. the teachers improved and extended the STS modules. The Iowa Chautauqua Program and Iowa-SS&C had two important implications for Korean science education. First, they made the most of the resources they had in order to provide the practicing teachers with recent research findings on the nature of science. science learning and teaching, that is. the constructivist approach. Second, they emphasized both cooperation of teachers and long-term training to realize the reform in school science education.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.491-499
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• 2021

Major countries in the world have established strategies for educating about artificial intelligence(AI) and with large investments are actively implementing these strategies. With this trend, domestic ministries have made efforts to establish national strategies to better educate students about AI. This paper presents the syllabus of AI classrooms which has been developed and presented to pre-service and in-service elementary school teachers for their use. In addition, the AI education tools they particularly preferred and their future plans for utilizing them in the elementary school classroom were investigated. Through this study, it was found that pre-service and in-service elementary school teachers strongly prefer lectures about AI education tools that can be immediately applied in the classroom, rather than learning about the theoretical basis of AI. At issue, however, is that the ability to utilize AI is usually based on a sufficient understanding of the theory. Thus, this paper suggests further study to identify better pedagogical practices to improve students' understanding the theoretical basis of AI.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.33-43
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• 2016

Recently in order to ensure future competitiveness in schooling a paradigm shift which focuses on key competency is demanded. In these circumstances, there are lots of researches on competency in other subjects. However, in informatics the number of researches relate to competency is lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop competency model for teacher of informatics in high school. For achieving this purpose, we develop research methods and procedures, and conduct several researches such as Focus Group Interview and surveys. Overall research process of this study is as follows: First, we develop competencies of informatics teachers, which consist of 6 categories, 17 competencies, and 66 behavioral indexes as a draft. Second, we verify the content validity of the competencies through FGI, and revise the competencies into 5 categories, 11 competency-units, and 159 behavioral indexes. Third, we conduct a survey for verification of the revised content validity again to informatics teachers, professors and researches. As a result, the major findings of the survey reveal that the Conbarch's ${\alpha}$ of each competency-units is over .9, and that the appropriateness of all items is over 3.5. According to this result, we confirm our competency model for teacher of informatics in secondary education.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.01a
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• pp.135-138
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 예비교사를 위한 AI-STEAM 교육 사례로서 봇빌더를 활용한 챗봇 제작 교육을 실시하고 이를 바탕으로 챗봇 제작 AI-STEAM 교육을 위한 시사점을 제시하였다. 최근 관련 정책이 발표되는 등 인공지능 교육이 학교에서 실시되기 위한 기반이 마련되었다. 인공지능 교육이 학교 현장에 제대로 안착되기 위해서는 현직 교사들에 대한 보수교육 뿐 아니라 교육 및 사범대학의 교원양성과정에서도 인공지능 교육이 실시되어야 할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 교사들의 인공지능 교사교육 요구를 바탕으로 AI-STEAM을 제안하고 다양한 전공의 예비교사를 위한 챗봇 제작 AI-STEAM 교양교육 및 학생 작품 사례를 제시하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.81-97
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• 2015

Although Flipped Classroom(FC) which has recently attracted attention of educational field, showed its various educational effects such as learning academic achievement, attitude, collaborative learning and self-regulated learning. other studies also showed a number of significant problems and challenges in practically implementing. Thus, this study aims to investigate in-service and pre-service teachers awareness of FC in order to explore its educational feasibility for successfully adopting it to classrooms through the alternative solutions to its limitations. To achieve this goal, we firstly conducted literature review on teaching and learning models and guidelines to draw educational prerequisites and then analyzed needs of 156 pre-service teachers and 42 in-service teachers. According to survey results, 80% of teachers are willing to apply FC to their classes and hope to be offered with pre-learning activity materials and guidelines. They consider junior high school students and college students as appropriate learners, social science, science, Korean, and English as suitable subjects, and video content as optimal materials for pre-learning activities.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.625-647
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• 2015

How a pre-service teacher understands and comments on mathematics instruction can serve as the foundation of her teaching expertise. Given that prospective teachers observe demonstrative mathematics teaching implemented by an in-service teacher and make a comment on it during their practicum period, this paper specified the levels of their ability in commenting on mathematics instruction and explored the characteristics of such levels. It is significant that this paper provides a systematic and comprehensive analysis of such levels in terms of topic, agent, stance, evidence, and alternative perspective. The results of this study showed that the commenting levels may be classified by Level 1 (fragmentary), Level 2 (inspective), and Level 3 (analytical), and that the most frequent level of this study was at Level 2. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that stance is the most influential in determining the levels of comments among their analytic components. An analysis of the participants' anecdotes showed that the experience of observing demonstrative teaching during the practicum may have impact on the belief of mathematics instruction and self-image as a teacher. Building on these results, this paper provides implications of teacher preparation programs to enhance prospective teachers' ability to analyze elementary mathematics lessons.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.91-98
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• 2018

As the importance of computing technology is emphasized, Korea has revised the educational curriculum to teach SW education compulsory at the elementary and secondary school level. For successful SW education, it is very important not only to require an educational environment and educational materials, but also to obtain the capacity of the teachers who are responsible for SW education. However, due to the lack of research on specifically examining the present state of teachers' SW competencies, there are many deficiencies in establishing a concrete teacher's training and a support plan for SW education. This study is to develop test tools and apply to measure a common sense about a computer, the latest IT technology algorithm design and a programming ability for the purpose of evaluating the SW competency of current teachers. As a result of the study, the understanding of common sense about a computer and the latest IT technology is very high, on the other hand the algorithm design and programming ability were analyzed as low. Therefore, the implications for SW education teacher's training and a process of prospective teachers' training are derived.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.437-451
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyse beginning science teachers' PCK. For the purpose of this study, two beginning science teachers were chosen in public middle school. Qualitative data were collected through classroom observation recording, semi-structured interviews, and other document data. Data were analysed using the constant comparative method. The results indicated that the two beginning science teachers' PCK had little differences; both have insufficient knowledge of science curriculum and assessment, and their PCK had quite differences in the instructional strategies and the orientations toward teaching science. Though they were aware of students' various levels, their common teaching method focused on delivery of science text knowledge for poor understanding about student. In conclusion, the two beginning teachers' PCK were still similar with preservice teachers. To develop beginning teachers' PCK, it needs to change the paradigm of pre-service teachers education program and to expand in-service teachers training and supporting program.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.15
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• pp.43-52
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• 2003

교육과정은 그 시대에 적합한 요구들을 반영하여야 한다. 제 7차 수학과 교육과정에서 이산수학의 도입이 바로 정보화 시대의 반영이라고 볼 수 있다. 즉, 이산수학의 도입은 수학의 변화가 수학교육의 변화로 이어졌다는 점에서 긍정적으로 평가할 수 있다. 그러나 새로운 내용의 교육과정 도입은 충분한 검증 절차의 부재로 인하여 부정적인 측면도 나타날 수 있다. 예를 들어, 교사양성 대학에서 이미 오래 전부터 개설되어진 해석학이나 대수학 같은 강좌와는 달리 이산수학의 강좌는 비교적 최근에 개설되어 졌으므로 대부분의 현장교사들은 이산수학 내용에 대한 지식이 거의 없다는데 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 바탕으로 우선, 교사양성 대학교육과정에서의 이산수학에 대한 충분한 연구와 우리 현실에 맞는 교재의 재구성이 요구되어진다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 7차교육과정을 고려하여, 교사양성 대학에 적합한 이산수학 강좌에 대한 구체적인 예들을 제시하여 사범대학 학생들로 하여금 이산수학을 제대로 이해하고, 아울러 이러한 연구가 현직 교사연수에도 충분히 반영될 수 있도록 한다.