• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1878-1882
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• 2010

이 연구는 제방의 침투 수리모형 실험의 자료를 이용해 안전도 평가 지표 선정을 위한 자료 제공하고 향후 수행할 침투 수치모의에 필요한 보정 및 검증 자료를 확보할 목적으로 수행하였다. 제방 축조 현장에서 구한 제체재료를 사용하여 실험실에 제방축소모형을 $14.5m{\times}0.6m{\times}1.6 m$의 수조 내부에 제작하였다. 제방 사면의 경사는 1:2, 제방 저면의 길이는 4.60 m, 제방 상부의 길이는 2.40 m, 제체의 높이는 0.55 m로 제작하였다. 모형제방은 제방축조 방법과 유사하게 다짐을 하기위해 흙을 쌓으면서 0.20 m 높이 마다 다짐을 실시하였다. 다짐방법은 고무망치를 이용한 층다짐을 하였다. 들밀도실험에 의한 제방모형의 건조단위중량과 다짐도는 각각 1.71g/cm3, 93%로 측정되었다. 홍수위 증가에 따른 비정상 상태의 침투수위 측정을 수행하였다. 수리모형실험은 약 8일 동안 수행하였다. 침윤선의 수두와 위압계별 수두는 상류쪽(제외지 사면)부터 증가하기 시작하며 하류쪽(제내지 사면)로 확장됨을 알 수 있으며, 실험 초기에는 상류쪽의 수두가 급격히 상승하지만, 점차 상승속도가 둔화되는 등의 일반적인 경향이 나타나고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 실험시작 18시간 경과 후부터 제외지 사면 하단부에서 유출이 발생하였으며, 21시간 경과 후부터는 상류부의 수두가 안정되는 현상이 나타났다. 측정된 침투수위의 변화 양상은 향후 수치모형을 이용한 침투해석의 검보정 자료로 활용할 계획이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.541-545
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• 2012

이 연구에서는 SEEP2D 모형을 사용하여 하부에 투수지반을 갖는 제방 내부의 침투흐름에 대한 수치모의를 수행하였다. 제방의 재료는 4대강사업 낙동강 제2하구둑 건설 현장에서 채취한 시료를 사용하였으며, 입도분석과 들밀도시험을 통해 구한 제방의 건조단위중량과 다짐도 및 제방의 투수계수는 각각 $1.372g/cm^3$, 93%, 1.35 m/day이다. 투수지반층과 1:3 비탈경사를 가지는 제방모형을 제작하여 연직 이차원 정상류 침투해석 모형을 해석하는 SEEP2D 프로그램을 사용하여 나온 결과 값을 수리모형 실험 결과 값과 비교하였다. 모의조건은 0.45 m, 0.50 m, 0.55 m, 0.60 m의 4가지 수위(각각 Case1~4)조건에 대하여 수리모형실험과 동일한 조건을 수치모형에 적용하였다. 수치모형의 결과는 실험결과와 비교적 일치하였지만 제방의 비탈사면이 시작하는 부분에서는 수치모형의 결과 값보다 실험결과 값이 작은 것으로 확인되었다. 각각의 조건별로 수치해와 실험 결과값을 비교해본 결과 대체적으로 비슷한 양상을 보였지만 제방의 비탈사면이 시작하는 지점부터 수치모형의 결과 값보다 실험결과 값이 작은 것으로 확인되었다. Case3의 경우 4.35 m 지점부터 6.00 m 지점까지 유출이 발생하였으며 수치모형의 결과값과 실험결과 값의 차이가 가장 작게 나타났다. 사면유출 길이는 Case4에서 가장 길게 나타났으며 최대 4.10 cm로 발생하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.654-658
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• 2012

국내에서 수행한 대부분의 제방 침투에 대한 수리모형실험 연구는 제체만을 대상으로 수행되었으며, 투수성 기초지반을 고려한 연구는 찾아보기 어려운 상황이다. 이 연구에서는 개정된 제방설계기준에 따른 1:3의 비탈경사와 투수성 기초지반을 가지는 제방의 침투실험을 수행하였으며, 향후 제방침투 수치모의에 필요한 검보정 자료를 확보할 목적으로 수행하였다. 부산광역시 강서구에 위치한 낙동강 제2하구둑 건설 현장에서 제체의 재료를 채취여 입도분석과 들밀도시험을 통해 제방의 건조단위중량과 다짐도 및 제방의 투수계수는 각각 $1.372g/cm^3$, 93%, 1.35 m/day이며 통일분류법의 SM에 속하는 것으로 확인하였다. 0.45 m, 0.50 m, 0.55 m, 0.60 m의 4가지 수위(각각 Case-1~4) 조건에 대하여 정상상태에 도달할 때까지 실험을 계속한 결과 각각의 실험조건별 침윤선은 대체로 동일한 양상을 보였지만 몇 지점에서 위압수두계 수위의 이상점이 발견되었다. 제방을 해체하면서 원인을 찾아본 결과 머드볼이 형성되어 있음을 확인하였으며, 침투 흐름에 상당한 영향을 미쳤을 것으로 생각된다.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.381-393
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• 2021

Physical, mechanical, hydraulic, and geophysical tests were applied to validate methods of inspecting the effectiveness of grouting on an agricultural reservoir dam. Data obtained from series of in situ and laboratory tests considered four stages: before grouting; during grouting; immediately after grouting; and after aging the grouting for 28 days. The results of SPT and triaxial tests, including the unit weight, compressive strength, friction angle, cohesion, and N-value, indicated the extent of ground improvement with respect to grout injection. However, they sometimes contained errors caused by ground heterogeneity. Hydraulic conductivity obtained from in situ variable head permeability testing is most suitable for identifying the effectiveness of grouting because the impermeability of the ground increased immediately after grouting. Electric resistivity surveying is useful for finding a saturated zone and a seepage pathway, and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) is suitable for analyzing the effectiveness of grouting, as elastic velocity increases distinctly after grouting injection. MASW also allows calculation from the P- and S- wave velocities of dynamic properties (e.g., dynamic elastic modulus and dynamic Poisson's ratio), which can be used in the seismic design of dam structures.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.931-940
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• 2015

Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement (RCCP), is a type of pavement using compaction roller and asphalt finisher on concrete mixture that contains low amount of water. RCCP strength and durability are greatly affected by compaction level. Quality control is performed by ensuring the degree of compaction at site based on dry density. In the field, Modified Proctor Test is used in order to obtain optimum dry density. However, there is no clear compaction curve analysis criteria of Modified Proctor Test for RCCP. In this study, compaction curve built by three samples of Modified Proctor Test was produced and it was used to compare with compaction curve contented lower number of samples (one and two samples) in order to analyze their reliability. Thus, a conclusion was drawn from the results; by comparing to the result from Modified Proctor Test of three samples, the use of two samples represented result with only 0.5% of error which means the reliability is 99.5%.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 2013

This study introduces a densification technique of controlled low strength materials (CLSM) made with coal ashes by pump discharge pressure. Based on a small-scale laboratory test results, unit weight of CLSM around discharge pipe is greater than that of relatively some distant area from discharge pipe. It is also found that densification of CLSM depends on not only mixture rate of pond ash but also fly ash and location of discharge pipe.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.231-243
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• 2015

In this study, both in-situ stress measurements and a lot of laboratory rock tests were conducted at a metal mine in Jeongseon, Korea. The stress ratio obtained from in-situ stress measurements showed a tendency to decrease according to depth below surface and its average value was 1.10. The mechanical properties such as unit weight, absorption ratio, porosity, elastic wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, tensile strength, shore hardness, friction angle and cohesion were investigated for the four different rocks mainly distributed at a studied mine, which were dolomite, felsite, granite and magnetite. The mechanical properties of the four different rocks were compared by means of statistical analyses, whereupon the felsite and the granite turned out to have more strength characteristics than the magnetite. The correlation of mechanical properties was also investigated, whereupon a few results against the general correlation were found out. The failure criteria of the four different rocks were finally discussed by means of both Mohr-Coulomb criterion and Hoek-Brown criterion.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2018

This study examined the reliability and revision necessity of concrete standard specifications based on the comparisons with test data obtained by using domestic artificial lightweight aggregates and the contents specified in different foreign specifications including ACI 211.2, ACI 213, ACI 301, JASS 5 and CEB-FIP. To achieve the continuous particle distribution of domestic fine lightweight aggregates, the partial addition of natural sand with the maximum size of 2.5mm was required. To control the segregation and excessive bleeding in the fresh lightweight concrete, the current limitations on the water-to-binder ratio and unit water content need to be modified using lower values. In particular, a rational mixture proportion approach of lightweight concrete needs to be established for the targeted requirements of initial slump, 28-day compressive strength, air content and dry unit weight. Ultimately, significant revision of the concrete standard specifications is required considering the characteristics of domestic artificial lightweight aggregates.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.5-15
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of recycled aggregates (RAs) as a substitute for Sand-Mat material for soft ground improvement in the housing site development. To evaluate the possibility of RAs as a substitute for sand mat material, first of all, the criteria and regulations related with the quality of lateral drain layer were collected and checked. Secondly, both of the properties of RAs were compared with the properties of natural sand for the lateral drain layer. The material properties related to coefficient of permeability, pressure at-rest state and so on satisfied most standards. On the basis of the test results, RAs were used to the construction site as lateral drain layer. Accordingly, if the quality of RAs can be managed well, the application of these RAs as lateral drain layer to replace natural sand was highly effective. Also, based on cost analysis of two materials, RAs are proved to be very competitive.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.103-116
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• 2008

In this study, in-situ testing method, Dynamic Cone Penetration Test(DCPT) was presented to establish a new compaction control criteria with using mechanical property like elastic modulus instead of unit weight for field compaction control. Soil chamber tests and in-situ tests were carried out to confirm DCPT tests can predict the designed elastic modulus after field compaction, and correlation analysis among the DCPT, CBR and resilient modulus of sub grade were performed. Also, DCPT test spacing criteria in the construction site was proposed from the literature review. In the result of laboratory tests, Livneh's equation was the best in correlation between PR of DCPT and CBR, George and Pradesh's equation was the best in the predicted resilient modulus. In the resilient modulus using FWD, Gudishala's equation estimates little larger than predicted resilient modulus and Chen's equation estimates little smaller. And KICT's equation estimates the modulus smaller than predicted resilient modulus. But using the results of laboratory resilient modulus tests considering the deviatoric and confining stress from the moving vehicle, the KICT's equation was the best. In the results of In-situ DCPT tests, the variation of PR can occur according to size distribution of penetrate points. So DCPT test spacing was proposed to reduce the difference of PR. Also it was shows that average PR was different according to subgrade materials although the subgrade was satisfied the degree of compaction. Especially large sized materials show smaller PR, and it is also found that field water contents have influence a lot of degree of compaction but a little on the average PR of the DCPT tests.