• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.116.1-116
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• 2000

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.307-312
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted to compare the agronomic characteristics and productivity of induced annual legumes at paddy field of Cheonan and Naju from 2004 to 2006. Chinese milk vetch (wild type), crimson clover (C.V. Linkarus), forage pea (C.V. Austrian pea), hairy vetch (C.V. Oregon commen) were used in this study. At the Naju region, the earliest flowering on 2nd may was found in Chinese milk vetch, while the latest on 18th May in forage pea. Fresh, dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) yields of crimson clover were highest as 28,870, 6,986 and 943 kg/ha, respectively. but the yield of chinese milk vetch was low by 9,885, 1,749 and 338 kg/ha. At the Cheonan region, the most fast flowering date variety was Chinese milk vetch, hairy vetch was very late as 19th May. Fresh, DM and CP yields of hairy vetch were highest as 7,916, 1,141 and 113 kg/ha, respectively. but the yield of chinese milk vetch showed the lowest by 270, 42 and 8 kg/ha. The CP content of annual legumes was 14.3%. chinese milk vetch showed the highest CP content by 19.3% and hairy vetch showed the lowest content by 9.9%. The present data showed that the productivity was closely dependent on winter hardness, in conclusion, crimson clover at Naju and hairy vetch at Cheonan region was suggested to be the most proper species as winter crop after rice harvest on paddy field when considered the winter hardiness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.115.1-115
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• 2000

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.323-330
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• 2008

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of application of cattle manure and chemical fertilizer on dry matter productivity and nutritive values of rye and hairy vetch according to two different sowing methods such as single or mixed-sowed cultivation. Dry matter and TDN yields for rye single culture, and rye and hairy vetch mixed culture were 7.2 and 4.0 ton/ha, and 8.0 and 4.4 ton/ha, respectively. They were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that (4.5 and 2.7 ton/ha) of hairy vetch single culture. Moreover, plots produced by mixed-sowing cultivation had a higher crude protein (CP) as 7.7% than that of only rye plot, and higher TDN and RFV as 55.8 and 79.4%, respectively. Within rye alone plots, completely cattle slurry application produced significantly higher annual DM and TDN yields (7.4 and 4.1 ton/ha) than those of P+K fertilization (7.2 and 3.9 ton/ha) as a chemical fertilizer and non-fertilizer (5.5 and 3.1 ton/ha). Cattle slurry application plot revealed 75.52 and 78.97% of N+P+K fertilization plot for annual DM and TDN, respectively. Within mixed-sowing cultivation with rye and hairy vetch, completely cattle slurry application produced 7.6 ton/ha DM and 4.5 ton/ha TDN, showing 79.50 and 86.77% of N+P+K fertilization plot, respectively. Furthermore, the CP content for cattle slurry plots was 8.5%, which was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of other plots, and it was also highest in TDN (58.3%) and RFV (86). Overall, rye mixed-sowing with hairy vetch rather than rye alone sowing reduced DM yields, but leaded to enhancement of feed value and nutritive yields. And also, it would be expected that cattle slurry application in comparison with chemical fertilizers might result in reutilization of resources, improved forage quality and, extended harvest period by preventing feed value from rapidly deteriorating.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.437-442
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• 2004

Forage legumes are being used as an important source of protein for dairy farm as well as nitrogen fertilizer. This experiment was conducted to evaluate forage production and quality of five legumes at Cheonan Yonam College Experimental Livestock Farm for 1 year(2001-2002). Five legumes were crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) 'Tibbee', hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth) 'Common', red clover(Trifolium pratense L.) 'Kenland', persian clover(Trifolium resupinatum L.) 'Leeton', alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) 'Vernal'. All legumes were shown cold hardiness of 8 rating or higher except crimson clover(7 rating). Flowering stage was observed 23th of April for crimson clover, 13th of May for hairy vetch, 3rd of May for red clover, and 12th of May for alfalfa. But persian clover didn't at harvest. Dry rnatter(DM) of crimson clover(17.6%) was the highest among legumes. In DM and total digestible nutrients(TDN) yields, crimson clover and hairy vetch were higher than those of other legumes. The crude protein of hairy vetch(20.5%) was the highest among legumes. In neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and acid detergent fiber(ADF), persian clover was the lowest(35.0% and 25.0%). Calculations of relative feed value(RFV) based on NDF and ADF of legumes were over 125(Prime degree) except hairy vetch. RFV and TDN of persian clover were the highest among legumes. According to the results of this study, crimson clover and hairy vetch are excellent in forage yield. Persian clover is superior in forage quality among legumes.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

The plant height of hairy vetch was high to comparing with crimson clover, and that of crimson clover was the lowest while that of hairy vetch was the highest with one application of rare earth. The dry matter content of crimson clover and hairy vetch were 20.3% and 18.1%, respectively and the dry matter content between two species had little difference. In this study, the fresh yield of hairy vetch was higher than that of crimson clover, while the dry matter yield of crimson clover was higher than that of hairy vetch. But there were not significant difference between two species. Although the fresh and dry matter yield of both species were the high with one application of rare earth, there were not significant difference between three treatments of rare earth. The nutritive values of hairy vetch were higher than that of crimson clover Neural detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content decreased with one application of rare earth. But crude protein (CP) and digestibility were not significant between rare earth applications.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.260-266
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• 2008

The aim of present work was to assess the response of soil microbial activity and diversity to green manures under the organically managed grape-greenhouse in early spring. Hairy vetch, milk vetch, and red clover were seeded in fall, and enzymatic activities by dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolase, and microbial diversities by Biolog $EcoPlate^{TM}$ and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) were characterized for soils sampled in early spring. Dehydrogenase activity and FDA hydrolytic activity did not differentiate the green manures but the average well color development of Biolog EcoPlate was higher in soils covered with red clover than control soil. Soil microbial functional diversity by Biolog EcoPlate differentiated the soils covered with hairy vetch and milk vetch, and Shannon diversity index by Biolog EcoPlate was higher in soils covered with hairy vetch than control soil. Principal component analysis of PLFA differentiated the soils covered with milk vetch from control soil.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.219-230
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• 2008

This trial was conducted to assess effects of cattle slurry application on productivity and feed values of barley and hairy vetch when they were influenced by single or mixed-sowed cultivation in paddy fields, and to obtain good quality of organic forage resources. The results summarized are as follows. For barley and hairy vetch, single-sowed cultivation was lower in annual dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields than mixed-sowed (P<0.05). Although crude protein (CP) contents for the barley within single-sowed treatments were lowest as 6.5%, those of hairy vetch within the same sowed method were highest as 16.7%. However, mixed-sowed cultivation with barley and hairy vetch, showing 13.8% CP content, was significantly (P<0.05) higher than CP and relative feed value (RFV) of barley alone treatment. For barley alone treatment, cattle slurry application significantly increased annual DM and TDN yields in comparison with treatments of P+K fertilization as chemical fertilizers and no fertilizer as controls. Results from cattle slurry application showed 84% and 82% in contrast with chemical fertilizer for annual DM and TDN yields, respectively. For mixed-sowed cultivation with barley and hairy vetch, cattle slurry application showed 90% and 94% annual DM and TDN yields, respectively as compared with N+P+K fertilization as chemical fertilizers. Crude protein contents ($14.2{\sim}15.9%$) for cattle slurry application treatments were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of other treatments. Moreover, cattle slurry application treatment had the highest TDN and RFV among treatments, showing $60.7{\sim}61.8%$ and $112.2{\sim}118.1$, respectively. For hairy vetch alone treatments, annual DM and TDN yields of cattle slurry alone application treatment were highest among fertilization treatments. Furthermore, CP, TDN and RFV of cattle slurry alone application treatments were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of other treatments. The results showed that mixed-sowed cultivation rather than single-sowed for barley or hairy vetch improved their nutritive value and quality, and also within mixed-sowed cultivation, cattle slurry application increased production yield per ha and CP contents. In the application of above system to organic livestock farming, it would be expected that forages produced by cattle slurry application under mixed-sowed method might become a substitute for foreign organic grain as protein sources.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.701-710
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• 2013

This experiment was carried out to determine the forage production and soil characteristics in mixtures of barley and annual legumes at riverbed. The dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) in barley and hairy vetch mixture were higher compared to other mixtures. Barley, single cropping was the highest in DM content. Comparing different mixtures, barley and crimson clover mixture was higher than other mixtures in DM contest. The crude protein (CP) content of barely and hairy vetch mixture was highest, but ether extract (EE) and TDN contents were lower than other mixtures. Barely and hairy vetch mixture significantly removed organic matter and phosphorus from riverbed through forage production (P<0.05). The total nitrogen (TN) of barley and hairy vetch mixture was highest because of high nitrogen fixation in riverbed soil. Single barley was highest in organic matter (OM) of soil. Comparing different mixtures, barley and crimson clover mixture was higher than other mixtures in OM contest. The available P2O5 of soil in barley and crimson clover mixture and barley and rape mixture were higher than others, and that of barley and hairy vetch was lower than other mixtures. The barely and hairy vetch mixture was highest in cation exchange capacity (CEC) content. Therefore barley and hairy vetch mixture is more suitable in forage mixtures because of high forage production and protein, and reduction of soil phosphorus in riverbed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 1998

Legume winter cover crop hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth, HV) can supply mineral nitrogen for silage corn by HV cover killed. The purphose of this study was to understand changes of soil mineral N, yield and N uptake of silage corn by N level (0, 135kgFN/ha) and cover cmp(no cover crop: NCC, hairy vetch cover crop: HVC) at field of Crop Experiment Station in 1996. HV growth decreased soil mineral N concentration before seeding corn, but killed HV cover increased concentration of soil mineral N at surface soil (0~7.5cm) at six-leaf stage of corn. Total dry matter(DM) and N uptake of corn averaged over N level was more decreased in HVC than in NCC at silk stage, but N uptake of corn after silk was more increased in HVC than in NCC by N mineralized fiom HV killed, especially in OkgFNJha. N fertilization increased total DM and and N uptake of corn averaged over cover crop, especially more increased the DM and N uptake before silk stage. Early application of N fertilizer was recommendable in netillage silage corn using hairy vetch cover crop.