• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.644-651
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• 2012

We have investigated the effect of lard fraction extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-$CO_2$) on the flavor enhancement of maillard reaction product (MRP) based meat flavors. MRP based meat flavors were prepared with low glutamic acid (Glu) hydrolyzed wheat gluten (NaCl concentration: 7.61%(w/v)), ribose, cysteine, garlic juice powder, protease-digested Lentinus edodes powder and lard fractions extracted with SC-$CO_2$. Lard was extracted with SC-$CO_2$ at each of three temperatures (40, 60, and $80^{\circ}C$) and at each of four pressures (30, 40, 50, and 60 MPa). Obtained lard SC-$CO_2$ fractions and MRP based meat flavors with those fractions were analyzed for their total yield, aroma pattern by SMart nose system, and sensorial properties. The extraction yield had no difference as temperature increased from $40^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$ and even decreased at $80^{\circ}C$. However, increase in pressure level at $40^{\circ}C$ drastically increased the extraction yield. The aroma patterns of raw lard and lard SC-$CO_2$ fractions with 30 MPa were significantly discriminated from those of SC-$CO_2$ lard fractions extracted with higher pressure by SMart nose system. Aroma pattern of MRP based meat flavors with higher pressure extracted lard fractions also showed significant difference through pattern analysis by the SMart nose system. The MRP based meat flavor with lard SC-$CO_2$ fractions at 50 and 60 MPa were described as less sulfuric, less pungent, and more balanced in roasted meat and sweet attributes from sensory evaluation.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2003

Pork cutlets containing ginseng powder 1% + ginseng distillate 1%(P1/D1), ginseng powder 2%(P2), ginseng powder 1.5% + ginseng distillate 1.5%(P1.5/D1.5) and ginseng powder 3%(P3) were manufactured and compared with the control(no ginseng powder and distillates) in meat quality, sensory evaluation and flavor intensity. The L values were significantly lower and a values were significantly higher for pork cutlets containing ginseng additives as compared to the control. The pork cutlets containing ginseng powder and distillates were higher in hardness only at the beginning stage, but no significant differences in springness, cohesiveness and chewiness among the treatments were observed during storage at -20$^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. Flavor analysis indicated that spathulenol, panasinsanol, neointermedol and ginsenol were responsible for ginseng flavor. The sensory panels detected most intense ginseng flavor and taste for pork cutlet which contained combination mixtures of ginseng powder 1.5% and distillate 1.5%. In conclusion, sensory panels evaluated that ginseng distillates produced intense ginseng flavor and enhanced ginseng flavor when used as mixtures with ginseng powder. Therefore, ginseng distillates can be used as a natural antioxidant and flavor enhancer in pork products.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1987

The effects of phosphatidyl choline (PC), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), phosphatidyl inositol (PI), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), and cardiolipin (CL) on the flavor stability of purified soybean oil were studied. Purified soybean oil obtained from soybean oil by silicic acid chromatography does not contain measurable iron, tocopherols and phospholipids. Three hundred ppm of PC, PE, PI, PA, PG, or CL was added to the purified soybean oil, with and without 1ppm ferrous iron added. The flavor stability of sample, which was stored at $60^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in dark oven, was determined by a combination of volatile compounds formation and molecular oxygen disappearence in the headspace of air-tightly sealed serum bottle every 48 hrs. Results showed that, in general, phospholipids worked as prooxidant in the pufified soybean oil without ferrous iron added, and worked as antioxidant in the oil, when added 1ppm ferrous iron. The results also suggest that phospholipids work as prooxidant by increasing the solubility of oxygen on the surface of oil, and work as antioxidant in the oil containing 1 ppm ferrous iron by chelating iron. The results showed that PE and PA are better antioxidants than PC and PG. CL and PI showed the lest antioxidant activities in the oil will 1ppm ferrous iron added.

• 한국임상약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.161-180
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• 2005

• Feed Journal
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• v.5 no.3 s.43
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• pp.82-87
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• 2007

• Feed Journal
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• v.5 no.3 s.43
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• pp.88-95
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• 2007

• Feed Journal
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• v.5 no.3 s.43
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• pp.96-100
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• 2007

• Feed Journal
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• v.5 no.3 s.43
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• pp.101-104
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• 2007

• Feed Journal
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• v.5 no.10 s.50
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• pp.91-96
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• 2007

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.465-469
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• 2005

Allium fistulosum L. seasoning oils were manufactured by autoclaving method. Materials were from total, leaf, trunk and root part of Allium fistulosum L. with refined soybean oil. Physicochemical characteristics of these Allium fistulosum L. seasoning oils of 4 kinds were not much different, but seasoning oil from leaf part was more green color. Total 35 volatile components were detected, in which propenyl trisulfide and propenyl propyl trisulfide were the major components. They were found as 26.94 ppm and 26.26 ppm in seasening oil from root with the highest level, respectively. Propenyl propyl disulfide was the major component as flavor characteristics in Allium fistulosum L. seasoning oils. Main component of original roasted flavor in Allium fistulosum L. seasoning oils would be confirmed the root part.