• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.511-518
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• 2018

Research indicates, about 80% of maritime accidents are caused by human error. Further investigation of the human factors behind maritime casualties is essential in order to establish preventive measures. The main purpose of this study is to identify and analyze human factors behind maritime traffic-related accidents using the m-SHEL model. Since the m-SHEL model used in other fields is based on generic human factors, it has expanded in this study to accommodate ship operating systems and define human factors. In addition, the validity of the expanded model was verified by reliability analysis using SPSSWIN. A classified table for this extended m-SHEL model was then used to analyze human factors behind maritime traffic-related accidents extracted from a written verdict by the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. Human factors were arranged in the order L, L-E, L-H, L-m, L-L, and L-S. This paper contributes to the prevention of maritime traffic-related accidents caused by human factors by presenting useful analytical results that can be applied to build a maritime safety management system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2015

To improve and modify the problems in Maritime Traffic Safety Audit(MTSA) Scheme, "Maritime Safety Research Center(MSRC)" in Korea Ship Safety and Technology Authority(KST) was designated as specialized institute for MTSA through general revision of "Enforcement of MTSA"(March 2012). However, the roles of the MSRC such as preliminary review of safety audit report, comments on target project and etc. had not been defined clearly on the related maritime safety laws compared with other specialized institutes in other similar audit scheme. In this research, the improvement strategies were proposed for development of specialized institute through SWOT analysis, gathering the opinion from related professions and also comparison with the roles and current status of operation in other similar specialized institutes. In conclusion, the 'Screen & scoping system', 'Consultant system' were proposed for efficient operation of the MTSA Scheme, and the systematic and operational improvements such as a revision of maritime safety lan and etc. were also suggested for integrated management about costal development works, development of specialized institute.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.139-140
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• 2020

우리나라는 국제해사기구에서 제시한 자율수준 3단계의 자율운항선박 기술개발 사업을 추진 중에 있으며, 자율운항선박 및 원격운항센터의 사이버보안에 관한 기술개발이 핵심과제로 포함되어 있다. 국제해사기구는 현존선의 대한 사이버 위협에 대한 조치로 제98차 해사안전위원회에서 '해상 사이버 위험관리 지침(Guidelines on maritime cyber risk management)'을 채택 및 승인하였다. 자율운항선박이 디지털 센서의 거대시스템임을 고려할 때 기술개발 완료시 해상에서 기존 선박과 자율운항선박의 공동 운항을 고려하여 해상교통관제체계(VTS)에 대한 사이버보안 측면을 고려 할 필요가 있다. 이 논문에서는 부산항 VTS 관제사(VTSO)를 대상으로 하여 자율운항선박 운영을 고려한 VTS 관제시스템의 사이버보안 만족도를 조사하였다. VTSO를 대상으로 한 사이버보안 만족도 조사 및 분석방법은 IPA(Importance Performance Analysis) 매트릭스를 적용하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.532-539
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• 2010

The high tech marine transportation infrastructure is an innovative transportation infrastructure that may be able to secure a safe transportation environment as well as efficient operation by connecting up-to-date skills including a broad range of wire and wireless communication-based information, control and electronics technologies. When integrated into the marine transportation infrastructure by the standard requirements, these standard technologies help monitor and manage navigational aids. After investigated on current status of marine transportation system, verified on integrating marine transportation systems, the standard requirements have to suggest a appropriate way of integrating marine traffic systems and proper way of using old marine traffic infrastructure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.559-560
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• 2010

전세계적으로 해양교통안전, 해양환경 및 연안관리 등을 목적으로 다양한 해양기상모니터링시스템이 개발되어 운영되고 있다. 미국 NOAA의 해양물리실시간관측시스템(PORTS), 유럽연합의 해양모니터링시스템(EURO SITES), 일본의 연안역 정보제공시스템(MICS) 등 전세계적으로 개발, 운영되고 있는 해양기상모니터링시스템에 대한 고찰을 통하여 해양기상모니터링시스템의 개발방향과 향후전망을 살펴본다. 또한 국내에서 개발, 구축 중인 해양기상모니터링시스템의 현황과 내용에 대하여 고찰하고, 이를 통하여 해양기상모니터링시스템 구축이 해양항만교통안전에 기여할 수 있는 바람직한 기술개발 방향 및 향후 발전 방향에 대해 논의하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2011

Korea coastal area is highly potential dangerous zone of marine accident due to frequent ship's encounters. VTS center can't identify ship's information because of beyond VHF range. It is also difficult of us to efficiently manage vessel traffic beyond VTS control area, so that it can't prevent marine accident. Presently, korean government is conducting maritime traffic safety assessment according to enlargement of harbor & development of new port but do not have the system which provide danger of information depending on maritime traffic environment with real time. So it is necessary to develop evaluation index which can assess sea risk through the evaluation of maritime traffic environment. In this paper, on the basis of vessel navigator's risk consciousness, we carried out survey & statistical analysis vessel navigator's subjective risk depending on the LOA, crossing situation($045^{\circ}$, $090^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$), overtaking, head-on situation, encountering vessel's side, within or outside harbor, speed with other vessel(ex. same, fast or slow), speed difference with other vessel and distance with other vessel & propose basic expression to develop maritime traffic safety evaluation model. And by using this model, we can confirm that this proposing expression is suitable for domestic maritime traffic environment.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.513-518
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• 2009

To prevent accidents and take immediate actions to minimize the damages caused by such disasters, there have been several information system related to marine transportation in or near harbour areas and coastal waters. However, those systems were operated independently and not able to exchange each others important data necessary for the cooperation of the relevant authorities in case of accidents. Standards of data formats and their exchanges needed to make information systems play efficiently their roles are proposed in this paper, and the proposed method is expected to help manage the marine transportation in the waters of jurisdiction and prevent marine accidents which cause huge amounts of casualties in the shipping industries and the natural environments.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.212-219
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• 2023

Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) area presents a complex traffic pattern due to ships entering or leaving the port to utilize port facilities, as well as ships passing through the coastal area. To ensure safe and efficient management of maritime traffic, VTS operators continuously monitor and control vessels in real time. However, during periods of high traffic congestion, the workload of VTS operators increases, which can result in delayed or inadequate VTS services. Therefore, it would be beneficial to predict traffic congestion and congested areas to enable more efficient traffic control. Currently, such prediction relies on the experience of VTS operators. In this paper, we defined vessel traffic congestion from the perspective of a VTS operator. We proposed a method to generate traffic networks using historical navigational data and predict traffic congestion and congested areas. Experiments were performed to compare prediction results with real maritime data (Daesan port VTS) and examine whether the proposed method could support VTS operators.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

The 21st century is often referred to as maritime age. The sea is a rich repository of natural resources, comfort shelters and the hopes and dreams of human being. But there is always possibility of disaster as well as hopes and dreams. Although there have been many advances in the ship building technology, the risk of accidents is on the increase due to the increase of maritime traffic and the revitalization of marine leisure. I like to refer to the systematic search and rescue system for the rapid response by analyzing recent marine accidents. For the safe navigation, it is necessary to establish institutional systems such as ship technology, navigation equipments, excellent human resources, traffic control, etc. and navigation components also have to be well organized each other. It is also necessary to build a prompt accident management system. The search and rescue system for the rapid response and the way of reducing the incidence of marine accidents were reviewed through the analysis of recent marine accidents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.193-194
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• 2013

최근 국내의 해양사고 원인은 인적 오류에 의한 사고가 약 80% 이상으로 제시되고 있다. 이 중 가장 높은 사고 원인은 '경계 소홀'(43.0%)로 전체 사고의 절반에 이르고 있다. 따라서 관제 및 항해 업무에 대한 집중력 향상과 점유적 관리에 대한 연구가 필수적으로 요구된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 선박이 관제 영역 내에 있을 경우 관제사에게 통보하여 관제 집중도를 향상시키고, ASM (Application Specific Message) 서비스와 연계하여 VHF음성통신으로 인한 정보 부재의 취약성을 보완하여, 안전한 항해 및 관제의 효율성을 제공하는 방식을 제안하고자 한다.