• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.125-132
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• 2017

The development project of Busan New Port aims to be Logistics Hub Port but there are too many things to deal with ; enlargement of harbour, interport competition, modernization of harbour loading equipment and so on. At present, 23 berths of North and South container quay are in operation and 22 berths will be constructed on west and south-side by 2020. Namely, Busan New Port will operate 45 berths in 2020. When it comes to port distripark, a large-scale of Port distripark project is underway, such as Ung-Dong district 1,2 phase, West container 1,2phase, North distripark and so on. This study is to deduce traffic system problem of Busan New Port which is caused by the development project through predicting traffic need considering the development project. According to study, there are three main problems of traffic system : 1. traffic congestion caused on main crossroad, connecting second harbour back road. 2. It has been predicted that South-North road and traffic capacity of New Port road would lack compared to traffic volume-to-be-increased. Moreover, the detour volume of traffic is caused because New Port's 1st avenue and route 2 were not connected directly. Thus, this study suggests three kinds of improvement plan for smoother traffic flow. 1st. Operate roundabout on major intersection, for example, second harbour back road, west container wharf's subway corridors(South to North), and permit only right turn on sub-intersection. 2nd. Extend New Port road(North container's port road) by utilizing side walk and median. 3rd. Install exit ramp which utilizes Route 2 connecting New Port's 1st avenue and local road 1042. The method we used to analyze the effect of improvement is Vissim of Mircro Simulation Package.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.69-82
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• 2018

The number of ships serviced at the container terminals in Busan is increasing by 2.9% per year. In spite of the increase in calling ships, there are no official records of waiting rate by the port authority. This study attempts to compare the theoretical ship waiting ratio and actual ship waiting ratio. The actual ship waiting ratio of container terminals is acquired from the 2014 to 2016 data of PORT-MIS and Terminal Operating System (TOS). Furthermore, methods and procedures to measure the actual ship's waiting rate of container terminal are proposed for ongoing measurement. In drawing the theoretical ship waiting ratio, the queuing theory is applied after deploying the ship arrival probability distribution and ship service probability distribution by the Chi Square method. As a result, the total number of ships waiting in a terminal for three years was 587, the average monthly service time and the average waiting time was 13.8 hours and 17.1 hours, respectively, and the monthly number of waiting ships was 16.3. Meanwhile, according to the queuing theory with multi servers, the ship waiting ratio is 31.1% on a 70% berth occupancy ratio. The reason behind the huge gap is the congested sailing in the peak days of the week, such as Sunday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. In addition, the number of waiting ships recorded on Sundays was twice as much as the average number of waiting ships.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.10 s.116
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• pp.819-823
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• 2006

Since the north port in Busan started to operate in general pier (1, 2, central, 3 and 4), the business area had been expanded to Jasungdae, Shinsundae, Gamman zone and so on However, these zones adjoin the Busan city and have caused problems to both logistics and city activities. The operation of Off-Dock Container Yard (ODCY) is a representative example due to the limited sphere of Container Yard in this city. It increases logistics costs and causes serious social problems as a result of increasing traffic in the trunk roads such as Uam and Chungjang roads. This paper aims to analyze the effects of the reduction in traffic of trunk roads in Chungjan, Uam roads and so on, when General Pier and Jasungdae Pier are Re-developed. The effects of the reduction in social cost from traffic congestion are also analyzed. Finally, we predict and evaluate the effects according to the re-development of two piers, north pier and Jasungdae pier.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2015

Method establishment needs for recent shortening the flight path, fuel reduction, reduction of the flight delay time, increase of the route capacity like as relieve congested airspace and solving future demand. However, As the existing conventional navigation systems is impossible to be resolved. Hereupon, SBAS has been developed with using the GNSS. ICAO has recommended that SBAS need to be operated with aircraft operation from 2025, korea is also developing KASS in accordance with the recommendation. In this paper, before the 2022 KASS will be completed, KASS can be expected using for flight test and inspection as analyzing KASS flight test and relative specifications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.275-279
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• 2006

Since the North port in Busan started to operate in general pier (1, 2, central, 3 and 4), the business area had been expanded to Jasungdae, Shinsundae, Gamman zone and so on. However, these zones adjoin the Busan city and have caused problems to both logistics and city activities. The operation of Off-Dock Container Yard (ODCY) is a good representative example due to the limited sphere of Container Yard in this city. It increases logistics costs and causes serious social problems as a result of increasing traffic in the truck roads such as Uam and Chungjang roads. This paper aims to analyze the effects of the reduction in traffic of trunk roads in Chungjan, Uam roads and so on, when General Pier and Jasungdae Pier are Re-developed. The effects of the reduction in social cost from traffic congestion are also analyzed. Finally, we predict and evaluate the effects according to the re-development of two piers, north pier and Jasungdae pier.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.13-19
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• 2002

In inner harbour of Inchon Port, there are two lock gates (50KT, 10KT) which have two gates per lock gate in inner/outer sides except a gate in inner harbour side 7f 10KT. Due to the lack of the fore-mentioned gate, the use of 10KT lock gate Is suspended in every 3 years for regular maintenance. Now an additional gate is under construction in order to improve the efficiency of the 10KT lock gate. This paper will be aimed to evaluate the operational utilization levels of lock gates in present and future. The present operational utilization levels of lock gates are 0.2119 in 10KT lock gate, 0.2051 in 50KT lock gate which were considered the 46.5 closed days every 3 years for 10KT regular maintenance. The levels are estimated to 0.2246(10KT), 0.2539(50KT) in 2006 and 0.2241(10KT), 0.2560(50KT) in 2011. The levels of 50KT lock gate are evaluated to be more rapidly increased up to 24.5% in 2011.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.267-270
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• 2018

해상교통관제센터(VTS)는 해상 안전과 선박교통효율을 위해 우리나라 주요 항만 및 연안해역에서 운용중이다. 우리나라 VTS는 외국항만 VTS에 비해 1인당 담당 관제면적이 넓으며, 최근 VTS 구역 추가 확대로 기존 관제사의 담당구역이 기존보다 더욱 확대되어 관제사의 집중관제와 선박교통관리 어려움이 더욱 증가되고 있다. 이에 따라 VTS 구역의 효율적인 운영과 VTS 인력 확보를 위한 정량적인 관제석 수 산출이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 VTS에서 수집중인 선박교통 및 선박교신 데이터를 이용하여 VTS 구역 적정 관제석 산출방법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안한 방법은 VTS 구역에서 운항하는 모든 선박의 모니터링 시간, VHF 교신에 대하여 관제 업무(task)항목, 출현빈도, 소요시간을 정의하고, 단위시간동안 각 관제 task별 소요시간을 계산하여 관제석 수를 계산한다. 제안한 방법을 여수VTS 해역의 VTS데이터에 적용하여 적정 VTS 관제석 수, 시간대별 관제석 수 변화를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 혼잡시간대 필요 관제석이 4-5 석이 필요로 한 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

The fairway within the area of Yul-do and Songdo located near the Myeongnyang-sudo approaches south of Mokpo harbor is well guided by traffic separation scheme and other navigational aids. However, that part of the waterways where Yul-do is located sits at the cross-roads of marine traffic and is subjected to some potential risks in the voyage navigation: the effect of climatic phenomenon, the disregard of most ships in using the western sector of the fairway creating a congestion in the eastern sector, and lastly, the disadvantageous erect of the location and height of Yul-do island that hinders good lookout. This study investigates the environmental conditions that prevailed in the area in the span of 5-year period and the marine traffic situation taken from the data within the 72-hour period The navigational hazards and marine casualties are also be presented. The results are analyzed and are made the basis of a proposal for an improved separation of traffic. Thereafter, an evaluation is carried out by using the components of marine traffic flow simulation and ES modeling index. It is evaluated through simulation by the use of full-mission ship handling simulator.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.167-192
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• 2012

The purpose of the study aims to analyse the judgement criterion of arrived ship under voyage charterparty with the Merida Case. A ship is an arrived ship if she is in port and either able to proceed immediately to a berth or in such a position that she is at the immediate and effective disposition of the chaterparty. Identification of the specified destination-whether berth or port-impacts on the incidence of loss occasioned by delay in loading or discharging, when the delay is due to the place at which the vessel is obliged by the terms of the charterparty to load or discharge her cargo being occupied by other shipping. The Merida case is an appeal by the charterers from a final Arbitration award of two very experienced arbitrators, dated 20th April, 2009. The arbitrators held that a voyage charterparty, dated 5th February, 2007, of the vessel, The M/V Merida, entered into between charterers and the owners, was a port rather than a berth Charterparty. The Primary relevance of this distinction does to the allocation, as between owners and charterers, of the risk of delay caused by congestion at load and discharge ports. The question of law arising in this appeal is whether the arbitrators were right to conclude that the charterparty was a port and not a berth charterparty. The arbitrators additionary placed some reliance on a post-contractual e-mail from the agents, which suggested that charterers did not dispute the validity of the NOR-and, hence, that this was a port charterparty.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

Most of the maritime accidents are the crash that occurred by complex coastal terrain, increased maritime traffic and frequent weather changes. Therefore, transportation safety is exactly determined using accurate environmental informations, but if informations are inaccurate or insufficient, accident risk can be increased. Therefore, ship need the system that can accurately generate transportation safety information. This paper proposes the transportation safety system and performance evaluation in the real environment. The proposed system includes database of environment informations and navigation algorithm using PPP method to estimate the accurate ship position. Therefore, this system can accurately calculate distance or freeboard between ship with other factors. Futhermore, when weather is deteriorated, crew can sail with database based 3-D monitoring module in the transportation safety system. To verify the function and performance, data of Kyungin ARA waterway and ferry is used to evaluation.