• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2019

At concentrations with little or no cytotoxicity, C. arvensis extract indicates the ability of high DPPH radical scavenging, inhibited tyrosinase activity, and decreased melanin content. The treatment of B16F10 cells with C. arvensis extract suppressed the protein expression of tyrosinase a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that C. arvensis extract inhibits melanin synthesis by inhibiting tyrosinase expression and tyrosinase activity. In addition, C. arvensis extract showed antimicrobial activities against bacteria and yeast. These results indicate that C. arvensis extract may serve as nutraceutical and cosmeceutical agents.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 1994

New 3-phenyl-1-(2-furyl)propenones, 1 and 3-phenyl-1-(2-furyl)-3-thiophenyl-propanone, 2 derivatives were synthesized, and their fungicidal activities in vitro against Botrytis cineria (BC), Valsa ceratosperma (VC), Scelerotium cepivorum (SC) and Phytophthora capsici (PC) were investigated using a generalized structure-activity relationship (SAR). The activity of 1 was superior to those of 2, and nonsubstituent, 1a and chloro group substituent, 1d of E (Syn) conformer were the most effective $(EC_{50}=10{\sim}12\;ppm)$ compound to BC. Antifungal activities were able to predict to depend essentially on the ${\beta}$ carbon and their positive charge from the results that the good correlation $(r^2=0.90)$ was observed between hydrolysis rate constant (logk) of 1 and the electronic parameter $({\sigma})$ of X-substituent on the ${\beta}-phenyl$ ring.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 1999

The growth rate of the A252 strain was increased in tryptic soy broth (TSB) and malt extract-yeast extract medium (ISP-2), but the antifungal activity of culture filtrate was efficient in the media of TSB and nutrient broth. The mycelial growth and the antifungal activity of culture filtrate in TSB medium were optimized at $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.5. The growth in 2$\%$TSB concentration was more effective than 1$\%$, but there was no difference of the antifungal activity by the TSB concentrations. The mycelial growth of A252 strain reached to maximum at 72 hr after inoculation, whereas the antifungal activity of culture filtrate was shown to have the highest level at idiophase (60 hr) after inoculation and was decreased a little after 96 hr incubation. The antifungal activity was stable in the pH range of 4 to 11 and evenly at $121^{\circ}C$. The A252 strain was characterized as Streptomyces species by the physiological properties and examination of sporophore me morphology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.741-746
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• 1996

Antibacterial activities of the bamboo(Pseudosasa japonin Makino) leaves extract on lactic acid bacteria related to Dongchimi fermentation were investigated. The bamboo leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol, fractionated it with 4 solvents which have a different polarity. Total viable count was very similar to those obtained by lactic acid bacteria during fermentation of Dongchimi. Its maximum counts were (equation omitted) 10$^{7}$ CFU/m1 at 8 days of fermention. Lactic acid bacteria isolated during Dongchimi fermentation were identified as Leuconostoc species(BK-2, BK-07, BK-22), Lactobaillus species (BK-05, BK-08) and Streptococcus species(BK-15) 70% ethanol extract of the bamboo leaves showed antibacterial activity against strain BK-02, BK-07, BK-lS and BK-22. Especially, strain BK-22 was more effective to the extracted substance. Among the each fractions, 70% ethanol and diethyl ether had the strongest antibacterial activity against strain BK-22 and BK-07, respectively. The two fractions also showed similar activities against all of the test strains.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.241-245
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• 2003

To develope tea-fungus beverage(TB), media added various kinds of ingredients including black tea, persimmon leave tea, pine needle, mugwort mycelia and fruiting body of Cordyceps spp. were prepared fur fermentation. Tea-fungus beverage(TB) was prepared with tea-fungus by fermentation for 2 weeks at 30 $^{\circ}C$. Functional properties of antibacterial activity, electron donating ability and nitrite scavenging ability were investigated in tea-fungus beverage(TB) and 5 times diluted tea-fungus beverage(DTB). Antibacterial activity against pathogenic E. coli and S. aureus was excellent in TB added pine needle, mycelia and fruiting body of Cordyceps japonioa while no activity in TB added persimmon leave tea. Electron donating ability of TB were ranged from 41％ to 87% in TB and were ranged from 11% to 63％ in DFB, high ability was in TB and DTB added pine needle and persimmon leave tea, while low ability in FB and DTB added mycelia and fruiting body of C. militaris. Nitrite scavenging ability was 63% in TB added black tea and 44% in TB added persimmon leave tea. Other ingredients added TB had weak nitrite scavenging ability.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2000

Upon the Preparation of activated carbon fiber(ACF) using chemical activation method and vapour activation method, the fiber obtained from the vapour activation method shows excellent surface Properties. The preparation of antibacterial activated carbon fiber was tried to open the new areas in application of carbon materials. The BET specific surface area and the average pore radius of the antibacterial ACFs were in the range of 844.27~1575.6 $cm^2$/g and 10.6~12.9 (equation omitted), respectively. From the adsorption studies on the antibacterial ACFs, typical Type I isotherms were obtained. And, from the SEM morphology results, it was observed that the surface of ACFs was partially coated by antibacterial materials after the treatment. Finally, from the antibacterial effects of antibacteral ACFs against E. coli, excellent antibacterial activity was shown. Concerning the above results, antibacterial ACFs can have wide application in the areas of sterilization, anti-fragrant. anti-insects.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 2002

This study examined for the investigation the effect of honey on antibacterial activity. The experimental honey were used the domestics, or chestnut honey, multiflower honey, acassia honey, native honey and the foreign, or manuka honey, clover honey, canola honey, and the artificial honey, made with the diluted solution of each 12.5%, 25.0%, 50.0%. The result of compared the occasion of added-catalase with not added-catalase about the honey's antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion assay were as follows. When the catalase was not added, manuka honey antibacterial activity was superior to chestnut honey's in the diluted honey of 12.5% and on the occasion of the diluted honey of 25.0%, it was approved in the order of manuka honey > chestnut honey > multiflower honey 〉 native honey > clover honey > acassia honey and the occasion of the diluted honey of 50.0%, it was approved in the order of manuka honey > chestnut honey > canola honey > native honey > multiflower honey > clover honey > acassia honey(p > 0.01). The clear zone representing inhibition of growth in diluted honey of 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 % with non-treat catalase ranged from 5.85 to 6.60, 4.26 to 8.27, 5.24 to 11.49 mm, respectively. When the catalase was added, antibacterial activity only showed in the manuka honey of 12.5% and on the occasion of the diluted honey of 25.0%, manuka honey's antibacterial activity was superior to chestnut honey (p > 0.01). On the occasion of the diluted honey of 50.0%, antibacterial activity was high in the order of manuka honey > chestnut honey > clover honey > canola honey > native honey(p > 0.01). The correlation was approved significantly among the manuka honey, chestnut honey, clover honey, canola honey and native honey.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.320-326
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• 2013

In a previous study, we investigated the antioxidative and cellular protective effects of Parthenocissus tricuspidata stem extracts. In this study, we prepared nano-emulsion containing P. tricuspidata stem extract to improve skin permeation. The particle size of the nano-emulsion using the microfluidizer was 302 nm. Its loading efficiency was over 86%. The size distribution of the nano-emulsion took a monodispersed form and the nano-emulsion was more stable than typical emulsion without using microfluidizer during a 2 week period. In vitro skin permeation study of nano-emulsion containing P. tricuspidata stem extracts was carried out using Franz diffusion cell. The 1,3-butylene glycol used as a control group had 32.59% skin permeation efficiency. The skin permeation efficiency of the nano-emulsion was 42.47%. Also, we observed the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction on skin flora for prospective applications as a natural antimicrobial. The ethyl acetate fraction had antibacterial activities higher than methyl paraben on Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. These results indicate that nano-emulsion containing P. tricuspidata stem extracts could possess valued applications in cosmetic formulations for improving skin permeation. Also, based on the antibacterial activities on skin flora, antioxidative and cellular protective effects shown in our previous study, we suggest that P. tricuspidata stem extracts could be used as functional cosmetic materials.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.748-756
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• 2015

The report explores the possibility that the single extract of natural substances and the mixture of single extracts of natural substances create a synergy effect to increase the antimicrobial activity. It also compares the previous researches to find out if the natural medicinal herbs’ extract has antimicrobial activity on dandruff causative organism, Malassezia furfur. For the experiment on the mixture of single extracts of natural substances, the results are like following: 1. Staphylococcus aures’s antibacterial activity is resistant to mixture of three natural substances. 2. Escherichia coil’s antibacterial activity is resistant to mixture with Coptidis rhizoma. 3. Candida albicans’ antifungal activity is resistant to mixture with Chinese galls, which means the different results may be expected when tested with each germ. 4. On the other hand, Malassezia furfur has no antifungal activity on the single extract of natural substances and shows weak antifungal activity, whose diameter is 3.20 mm when tested with the mixture of 50% of Coptidis rhizoma and 50% of Phytoncide. The result is totally different from the one on the same eumycetes, C. albicans. That is because M. furfur has more lipophilic chemicaled cell walls than C. albicans does and it also consists of lamella layer, inner plasma membrane and intermediate multiple layers.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.476-481
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• 2017

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites produced by higher plants and have been used as antiallergic, anticancer, antihypertensive, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. They are generally divided into flavonoids and non-flavonoids. The antimicrobial activity of flavonoids are stronger than that of non-flavonoids. The skeleton structures of flavonoids possessing antimicrobial activity are chalcone, flavan-3-ol (catechin), flavanone, flavone, flavonol and proanthocyanidin. The flavonols are shown antibacterial activity against several gram-positive bacteria (Actinomyces naeslundii, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella oralis). Among of non-flavonoids, caffeic acids, ferulic acids and gallic acids showed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive (Listeria monocytogenes and S. aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). These are found to be more efficient against the E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus than antibiotics such as gentamicin and streptomycin. The kaempferol and quercetin showed synergistic effect with ciprofloxacin and rifampicin against S. aureus and methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) acts synergistically with various ${\beta}-lactam$ antibiotics against MRSA. In particular, the epicatechin, epigallocatechin (EGC), EGCG and gallocatechin gallate from Korean green tea has antibacterial activity against MRSA clinical isolates and the combination of tea polyphenols and oxacillin was synergistic for all the clinical MRSA isolates.