• ICROS
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.58-63
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• 1997

GPS 응용 기술 중에서 항공우주에 연관된 2분야인 비행체 항법과 위성체 자세 결정 및 항법에 대해 알아보았다. 그밖의 중요한 GPS의 응용으로 자동차 항법 및 추적, 항공교통 통제, 측량, 측지학, 선박의 항법 및 추적, 시각동기 등이 있다. 항공기의 항법장치는 그 정확도와 안전도가 매우 엄격하기 때문에 가장 진보된 GPS 응용기술이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 항공기 항법장치의 개발은 다른 GPS 응용에 대한 파급 효과가 크기 때문에 무척 중요하다고 하겠다. 서기 2000년대에 광역위성항법시스템(WAAS)이 본격적으로 작동하게 되면 미국은 항공에 관한 사업만으로도 약 20억불을 절약할 수 있게 된다. 한국에서도 4-5개의 광역기준으로 구성되는 광영위성항법시스템을 구축하면 착륙접근을 위한 공간이 충분하지 않은 많은 공항들에 대해 항공기 착륙유도에 대한 안전도와 신뢰도를 높일 수 있고 따라서 항공기 사고를 효과적으로 예방할 수 있게 된다. 광역위성항법 시스템은 항공기 뿐만 아니라, 자동차나 선박 그리고 다른 GPS 응용에 있어서도 그 정확도와 안전도를 높이는데 이용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.480-489
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• 2024

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport duplicated a section of ATS Route Y579 connecting Jeju and Busan in 2022 to enhance aviation safety and operational efficiency. Before duplication, an offset procedure was applied to separate aircraft flying in opposite direction by deviating them to the right of their intended flight paths. However, on December 1, 2022, this offset procedure was abolished and replaced with two parallel route, Y571(towards Busan) and Y572(towards Jeju), to improve safety and efficiency. The duplication of ATS Routes has significant implications in various aspects. This study analyzes the safety of the newly established ATS Routes and compares their safety with the previously applied offset procedure to evaluate the effectiveness of the duplication. Additionally, it presents the significance from the perspective of airspace operation. A safety assessment has conducted using a modified version of the Reich CRM (collision risk model). The analysis results confirms that the level of safety improves after the duplication and that there were benefits in terms of airspace utilization.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 2021

ICAO recommended that airspace monitoring and periodic safety assessments in each Contracting State ensure the stability of the airspace, since reducing the aircraft lateral and vertical separation intervals would rather increase the risk of collision. The target level of safety of the AKARA-FUKUE Corridor at the southern end of Jeju was 247×10^-9. In simple comparison, this means that the risk of an aircraft collision in this area (international safety standards, 5.0×10^-9) is about 50 times higher. The scope of this study is to organize the concept of terms, analyze the air traffic volume, the current status of navigational safety facility usage fees, and investigations of an aircraft collision risk in Jeju southern air corridor. Analyzing government policies and overseas evaluations, revising some of the existing contents, presenting some of the additional contents of new routes, and changing the instrument procedure for Korean-Chinese routes, change of arrive/departure route between Incheon Airport and Shanghai Airport, reduce the risk of aircraft collisions. We hope to restore airspace sovereignty, contribute to policies for the government to take the lead in solving this problem, and expect stability and operational efficiency in air traffic.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2023

항공 사고는 첨단 항공 기술의 발달로 꾸준히 감소해 왔지만, 여전히 발생하고 있다. 조종사는 목적지 공항까지 안전하고 효율적으로 비행하기 위해 위협과 오류를 관리해야 한다. 조종사에게 영향을 미치는 위협은 환경적 위협과 항공사 위협으로 나눌 수 있으며, 환경사위협에는 객실 위협이 포함된다. 조종사와 객실 승무원은 정상적인 운항 중에는 협력이 필요하며, 비상시에는 안전한 비행을 위해 효과적인 협력이 절대적으로 필요하다. 조종사가 비행 중에 간섭이나 작업 흐름의 중단이 발생할 때 에러를 할 가능성이 높아진다. 항공사들은 안전 운항을 방해할 수 있는 객실위협의 종류를 적극적으로 식별하고 분석하여, 조종사들이 안전한 비행을 유지하기 위해서 위협을 관리하도록 절차 및 훈련을 개선해야 한다. 본 연구는 안전관리시스템(SMS)의 안전도구인 LOSA(Line Operation Safety Audit)를 기반으로 기내위협의 유형을 파악하고, 항공사들에게 조종실위협 관리를 체계적으로 개선하는 데 필요한 객실위협과 간섭에 대한 자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.593-599
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• 2021

The demand for e-VTOL aircraft is expected to be increased rapidly in the future as a means of urban transportation due to operating cost reduction, eco-friendliness and convenience of vertical take-off and landing using pilot-aids automation system. However, there are many technical hurdles to be solved in securing safety and certification which are essential for commercialization and urban operation. So far, there is no e-VTOL aircraft that has received type certificate and standard airworthiness certificate due to the technical problems and safety requirement differences with conventional aircraft. The e-VTOL aircraft certification should also meet the equivalent level of safety required by the current airworthiness standards, but there are existing problems in securing safety and meeting current standards. In this study, the e-VTOL's certification problems and technical limitations in satisfying the current standards are presented.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.356-364
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• 2023

Sophisticated Air Navigation System has contributed to enhancing the capacity of airspace capacity, leading to an efficient airspace environment. However, it has acted as a factor increasing the probability of collision. When an aircraft fails to maintain vertical separation and instead exhibits lateral positional errors, it does not necessarily lead to a collision. However, as the lateral positional accuracy increases, the randomness of aircraft positions decrease, resulting in an elevated probability of collisions. Consequently, The International Civil Aviation Organization has introduced Strategic Lateral Offset Procedures(SLOP), intentionally deviating aircraft from the centerline of airways. Likewise, South Korea also operates Offset procedure. The Y579 was operated using the Offset before its conversion to a dual airway and the analysis of the Offset track revealed that it was being operated similarly to a unidirectional dual airway. This paper develops a safety assessment methodology applicable to unidirectional dual airways, and applies it to perform a safety assessment of the Y579 Offset procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Aviation industry is growing rapidly, and this growth is expected to continue. However, aircraft accident rate is still high, and 65 percent of accidents occur during landing phase due to unstable approach. Therefore, this research analyzed causes and countermeasures of unstable approach. In order to derive countermeasures, this study selected P International Airport as an example case. In addition, this research analyzed A airline's FOQA data, regional Standard Operating Procedures, and 5 years of environmental factors to identified correlation of those contributing factors. In conclusion, his research concluded following results. First of all, because of P International Airport's geological features, pilots are required to conduct Circling Approach, and this advanced maneuver increases workload at the final stage of flight. Secondarily, meteorological factors such as crosswind, seasonal rain front, local visibility contributes unstable approach. Lastly, these geological and meteorological factors are interrelated, and this uncommon environment can decrease circumstantial judgement ability of pilots and jeopardize aviation safety. As a consequence, it is recommended to reinforce the Crew Resource Management and Threat & Error Management systems so that pilots can perceive identical safety target.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.31-37
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• 2008

To operate UAV in the civil airspace, the airworthiness of UAV system have to be proven by the civil certification system. However, it is difficult for UAV to be certified by the existing certification system because the existing certification system has been developed for the manned aircraft. So, many civil aviation authorities and research institutes are studying developing airworthiness standards for UAV certification. To develop an airworthiness standards for UAV, the airworthiness level of safety have to be established based on UAV categorization. I would like to introduce an quantitative methods for establishing airworthiness level of safety of UAV based on UAV categorization and example of Smart UAV.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.476-483
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• 2021

In order to maintain the safety of the airspace with ever increasing traffic volume, it is necessary to thoroughly analyze the collision risk with the current data. In this study, collision risk analysis was conducted using Detect and Avoid (DAA) Well-Clear (DWC) metrics, risk induces developed for the DAA systems of unmanned aerial vehicles. All flights in year 2019 that flew within the Incheon Flight Information Region (FIR) boundary were analyzed using the recorded Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast(ADS-B) data. High risk regions as well as trends by airports and seasons were identified. The results indicate that the risk is higher around the congested area near Incheon International Airport and Gimpo International Airport. Seasonally, the risk was highest in August that coincides with the Summer vacation period. The result will be useful for the baseline data for various aviation safety enhancement activities such as revision of routes and procedures and training of the field specialists.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.52-62
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• 2022

In the SORA methodology developed for the operational risk assessment of a specific category of operation of a UAS, the ground and the air risk levels are determined, and a SAIL indicating the level of assurance and integrity for the corresponding risk is assigned, and accordingly, the operational safety level for the proposed operation. Objectives should be demonstrated at an appropriate level of robustness. Because of the nature of the specific category of operation, people on the ground are the first risk subjects to be considered. The resulting ground risk class plays an important role in the allocation of SAIL. In this paper, the impact on SAIL and OSO according to the final risk level and the reduction of the level through the determination of the ground risk level and the application of mitigation measures among risk assessments for specific categories of UAV operation was investigated.