• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.61-82
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• 2022

Metaverse is a combination of Meta and Universe, which refers to a world in which users or avatars engage in social, economic, and cultural activities. This study attempted to compare the four worldviews proposed by the Acceleration Studies Foundation (ASF) based on the five evaluation factors of SPICE, which are factors for promoting customer experience. 227 samples were used in the analysis, and as a result, seamlessness was the highest in augmented reality, interoperability in lifelogging, presence in the mirror world, and concurrence in virtual reality. This study is meaningful in that it presents a model design plan according to the classification of the metaverse platform and the worldview, and presents detailed strategic directions to existing metaverse platform operators or new entrants.

• Journal of The Korean Institute of Defense Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.17-22
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• 2023

In the midst of the development of science and technology based on the 4th industrial revolution, the ROK Army is moving forward with the ARMY TIGER 4.0 system, a ground combat system that combines future advanced science and technology. The system is developing around an AI-based hyper-connected ground combat system, and has mobility, intelligence, and networking as core concepts. Especially, the dronebot combat system is used as a compound word that refers to unmanned combat systems including drones and ground unmanned systems. In future battlefields, it is expected that the use of unmanned and artificial intelligence-based weapon systems will increase. During the transition to a complete unmanned system, it is a very important issue to ensure connectivity individual unmanned systems themselves or between manned and unmanned systems on the battlefield. This paper introduces the Multiplexer Allocation Problem (MAP) for effective command control and communication of UAV/UGV, and proposes a heuristic algorithm. In addition, the performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed by comparing the solutions and computing time. Also, we discuss future research area for the MAP.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.43
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• pp.285-320
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• 2016

Cartoons and Animation are convergent arts created with a composite application of language arts described in the form of literary texts and sounds, plastic arts visualized in the form of artistic paintings, and film arts produced in the form of moving pictures. An academic university major in cartoons and animation studies established in late 20th century however, did not satisfactorily meet the needs in academic research and development and the free expression of artistic creation was limited. In order to systematize the major in cartoons and animation studies, an convergent approach to establish and clarify following are in demand : the terms and definitions, the historical developments, the research areas and methods, the major education and related jobs and start-ups. New culture and arts industries including cartoons, animation, moving images, and games contents are not yet listed in the industries listing service jointly provided online by the portal site Naver.com and Hyung-Seol publishing company. Above all, cartoons and animation are inseparably related to each other that even if one uses the term separately and independently, the meaning may not be complete. So a new combined term "Animatoon" can be established for the major in cartoons and animation studies and also used for its degree with concentrations of cartoons, animation, moving images, games, and etc. In the Introduction, a new combined term Animatoon is defined and explained the use of this term as the name of the major and degree in cartoons and animation studies. In the body, first, the Historical Developments classified Animatoon in the ancient times, the medieval times, and the modern times and they are analyzed with the help of esthetics and arts using examples of mural frescos, animal painting, religion cartoons, caricatures, cartoons, satire cartoons, comics, animation, 2 or 3 dimensional webtoons, and K-toons. Second, the Research Areas of Animatoon reviewed the theories, genres, artworks, and artists and the Research Methods of Animatoon presented the curriculum that integrated the courses in humanities, science technologies, culture and arts, and etc. Third, the Major Education considered Animatoon education in children, young adults, students of the major and the Related Jobs and Start-Ups explored various jobs relating to personal creation of artwork and collective production of business-oriented artwork. In the Conclusion, the current challenges of Animatoon considered personalization of the artists, specialization of the contents, diversification of the types, and liberalization of the art creation. And the direction of improvement advocated Animatoon to be an academic field of study, to be an art, to be a culture, and to be an industry. The importance of cartoons and animation along with videos and games rose in the 21st century. In order for cartoons and animation to take a leading role, make efforts in studying Animatoon academically and also in developing Animatoon as good contents in the cultural industries.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.179-190
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• 2004

Precambrian metamorphic rocks of Yeongyang-Uljin area, which is located in the eastern part of Sobaegsan Massif, Korea, are composed of Pyeonghae, Giseong, Wonnam Formations and Hada leuco granite gneisses. These show a zonal distribution of WNW-ESE trend, and are intruded by Mesozoic igneous rocks and are unconformably overlain by Mesozoic sedimentary rocks. This study clarifies the deformation history of Precambrian metamorphic rocks after the formation of gneissosity or schistosity on the basis of the geometric and kinematic features and the forming sequence of multi-deformed rock structures, and suggests that the geological structures of this area experienced at least four phases of deformation i.e. ductile shear deformation, one deformation before that, at least two deformations after that. (1) The first phase of deformation formed regional foliations and WNW-trending isoclinal folds with subhorizontal axes and steep axial planes dipping to the north. (2) The second phase of deformation occurred by dextral ductile shear deformation of top-to-the east movement, forming stretching lineations of E-W trend, S-C mylonitic structure foliations, and Z-shaped asymmetric folds. (3) The third phase deformation formed I-W trending open- or kink-type recumbent folds with subhorizontal axes and gently dipping axial planes. (4) The fourth phase deformation took place under compression of NNW-SSE direction, forming ENE-WSW trending symmetric open upright folds and asymmetric conjugate kink folds with subhorizontal axes, and conjugate faults thrusting to the both NNW and SSE with drag folds related to it. These four phases of deformation are closely connected with the orientation of regional foliation in the Yeongyang-Uljin area. 1st deformation produced regional foliation striking WNW and steeply dipping to the north, 2nd deformation locally change the strike of regional foliation into N-S direction, and 3rd and 4th deformations locally change dip-angle and dip-direction of regional foliation.

• MALSORI
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• no.62
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• pp.69-84
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• 2007

Japanese is a language having intonations, which are indicated by the relative differences in pitch heights and the accentual phrases (APs) are placed according to the changes of the accents while a break occurs on a boundary of the APs. Although a break can be predicted by using J-ToBI, which is a rule-based or statistical approach, it is very difficult to predict a break exactly due to the flexibility. Therefore, in this paper, a method which can enhance the quality of synthesized speech by reducing the errors in predicting break indices (BI), are proposed. The method is to use a new definition for the phonetic symbols, which combine the phonetic values of Japanese words with the accents information. Since a stream of defined phonetic symbols includes the information on the changes in intonations, the BI can be easily predicted by dividing the intonation phrase (IP) into several APs. As a result of an experiment, the accuracy of break generations was 98 % and the proposed method contributed itself to enhance the naturalness of synthesized speeches.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.450-457
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• 2004

In this research, the automatic synthesis of knowledge models is proposed. which are the basis of the methods using qualitative models adapted widely in fault diagnosis and hazard evaluation of chemical processes. To provide an easy and fast way to construct accurate causal model of the target process, the Role-Behavior modeling method is developed to represent the knowledge of modularized process units. In this modeling method, Fault-Behavior model and Structure-Role model present the relationship of the internal behaviors and faults in the process units and the relationship between process units respectively. Through the multiple modeling techniques, the knowledge is separated into what is independent of process and dependent on process to provide the extensibility and portability in model building, and possibility in the automatic synthesis. By taking advantage of the Role-Behavior Model, an algorithm is proposed to synthesize the plant-wide causal model, Fault-Causality Graph (FCG) from specific Fault-Behavior models of the each unit process, which are derived from generic Fault-Behavior models and Structure-Role model. To validate the proposed modeling method and algorithm, a system for building FCG model is developed on G2, an expert system development tool. Case study such as CSTR with recycle using the developed system showed that the proposed method and algorithm were remarkably effective in synthesizing the causal knowledge models for diagnosis of chemical processes.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.2
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• pp.5-27
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• 2000

In der vorliegenden Abhandlung wird versucht, die syntaktischen und semantischen Relationen der Nominalkomposita im Deutschen zu untersuchen. Dabei wird der Schwerpunkt darauf gelegen, die Regularitaten der $\"{U}bersetzungen$ der deutschen Komposita ins Englische herauszufinden. Als den Analyserahmen wird der konzeptuelle Ansatz von Rahmstorf (1983) herangezogen. Die Theorie unterscheidet sich von der transformationellen Tradition und sich an der kognitionswissenschaftlichen Tradition verknuft, basierend auf dem Konzept des 'Begriffs'. Den Untersuchungsgegenstand bilden 1,000 Nominalkomposita des Deutschen und deren englischen $\"{U}bersetzungen$. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung lassen sich $folgenderma{\ss}en$ formulieren: Erstens, es besteht keine $erw\"{a}hnenswerte\;Parallelit\"{a}t$ zwischen den syntaktischen Strukturen der deutschen Komposita und denen der englischen Entsprechungen. Zweitens, bestimmte semantische Relationen zwischen den Konstituenten der deutschen Komposita neigen dazu, bestimmte syntaktische Strukturen bei $\"{U}bersetzungen$ ins Englische aufzuweisen. Es bleibt jedoch offen, wie sich die semantischen Relationen der Komposita automatisch erkennen $lie{\ss}en$, wenn die Forschungsergebnisse in ein Deutsch-Englisch maschinelles $\"{U}bersetzungssystem\;eingesetzt\;w\"{u}rden$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.873-876
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• 2017

최근 정보검색의 효율성을 위해 데이터를 분석하여 해당 데이터를 가장 잘 나타내는 연관단어를 추출 및 추천하는 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 현재 관련 연구들은 출현 빈도수를 사용하는 방법이나 LDA와 같은 기계학습 기법을 활용해 데이터를 분석하여 연관단어를 생성하는 방법을 제안하고 있다. 기계학습 기법은 결과 값을 찾는데 사용되는 특징들을 전문가가 직접 설계해야 하며 좋은 결과를 내는 적절한 특징을 찾을 때까지 많은 시간이 필요하다. 또한, 파라미터들을 직접 설정해야 하므로 많은 시간과 노력을 필요로 한다는 단점을 지닌다. 이러한 기계학습 기법의 단점을 극복하기 위해 인공신경망을 다층구조로 배치하여 데이터를 분석하는 딥러닝이 최근 각광받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 기계학습 기법을 사용하는 연관단어 추출연구의 한계점을 극복하기 위해 딥러닝을 활용한다. 먼저, 인공신경망 기반 단어 벡터 생성기인 Word2Vec를 사용하여 다양한 텍스트 데이터들을 학습하고 룩업 테이블을 생성한다. 그 후, 생성된 룩업 테이블을 바탕으로 인공신경망의 한 종류인 합성곱 신경망을 활용하여 사용자가 입력한 주제어와 관련된 최근 뉴스데이터를 분석한 후, 주제별 최신 연관단어를 추출하는 시스템을 제안한다. 또한 제안한 시스템을 통해 생성된 연관단어의 정확률을 측정하여 성능을 평가하였다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.367-370
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• 2018

웹 또는 모바일 사용자는 고객 센터에 구축된 자주 묻는 질문을 이용하여 원하는 서비스를 제공받는다. 그러나 자주 묻는 질문은 사용자가 직접 핵심어를 입력하여 검색된 결과 중 필요한 정보를 찾아야 하는 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 사용자 질의를 입력 받아 질의에 해당하는 클래스를 분류해주는 문장 분류 모델을 제안한다. 제안모델은 웹이나 모바일 환경의 오타나 맞춤법 오류에 대한 강건함을 위해 자소 단위 합성곱 신경망을 사용한다. 그리고 기계 번역 이외에도 자연어 처리 부분에서 큰 성능 향상을 보여주는 주의 집중 방법과 클래스 임베딩을 이용한 문장 분류 시스템을 사용한다. 457개의 클래스 분류와 769개의 클래스 분류에 대한 실험 결과 Micro F1 점수 기준 81.32%, 61.11%의 성능을 보였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.552-556
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• 2004

This paper surveys the design of the adaptive information filtering agents to retrieve the useful information within a large scale database. As the information retrieval through the Internet is generalized, it is necessary to extract the useful information satisfied the user's request condition to reduce the seeking time. For the first, this module is designed by the Rough reduct to generate the reduced minimal knowledge database considered the users natural query language in a large scale knowledge database, and also it is executed the soft computing by the fuzzy composite processing to operate the uncertain value of the reduced schema domain.