• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.475-487
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• 2020

The current water-management paradigm is changing from the expansion of reservoirs and facilities for simple outflows and non-point source management to the building of a sound water circulation system throughout the watershed. Based on this, water management for the watershed as a whole is establishing standards through local ordinances. The purpose of this study is to establish water cycle targets that are resilient to water management even after the development of cities in watersheds where water management is highly needed. This was done by referring to research and ordinances related to water circulation by local governments. A method is proposed based on a storage and infiltration method for rainfall. Through a comparison of percentiles, it was found that the water circulation target of a planned waterside city can be treated with 52% of total rainfall and 80% of rainfall of 17 mm per day. To quantitatively improve the quality results of these calculation procedures, it is estimated that the calculation of water cycle targets will be more reliable if other various variables such as the safety of low impact development factors or the selection of appropriate specifications are considered later.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.417-425
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• 2020

Recently, the development of weapons systems in conjunction with the Fourth Industrial Revolution has increased the number of weapon systems that integrate individual commercial systems by actively incorporating the superior fields of private commercial technologies. In the case of such commercial product-based weapons systems, however, the development of ILS elements across all areas, such as technical manual, military field maintenance support equipment, interactive electronic technical manual (IETM), and Computer Based Training (CBT) development, and weapons system Reliability, Availability, Maintainability(RAM) target values, and logistics support analysis (LSA) was requested to expand the level of development by developers. The commercial product-based System Integration (SI) weapon system will be able to complete the comprehensive military balance for complementing and effective maintenance of the military and developers only when the ILS development, which is limited to the essential elements of the required group, Request For Proposal (RFP) and Post-Logistics Support (PLS) directions were applied in the framework of outsourcing maintenance implementation. As a result, by checking the operation status of current weapons systems, the logistics support of commercial product-based weapon systems selected outsourcing as the basic policy that is decided based on the development requirements, focusing on maintaining operation through a rational decision-making process, and presented a plan for applying the development plan to the RFP for the determined core elements and PLS.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.75-92
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• 2020

In most cases of the water balance analysis, the return flow ratio for each water supply was uniformly determined and applied, so it has been contained a problem that the volume of available water would be incorrectly calculated. Therefore, sewage and wastewater among the return water were focused in this study and the data-driven model was developed to forecast the outflow from the sewage treatment plant. The forecasting results of LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), GRU (Gated Recurrent Units), and SVR (Support Vector Regression) models, which are mainly used for forecasting the time series data in most fields, were compared with the observed data to determine the optimal model parameters for forecasting outflow. As a result of applying the model, the root mean square error (RMSE) of the GRU model was smaller than those of the LSTM and SVR models, and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) was higher than those of others. Thus, it was judged that the GRU model could be the optimal model for forecasting the outflow in sewage treatment plants. However, the forecasting outflow tends to be underestimated and overestimated in extreme sections. Therefore, the additional data for extreme events and reducing the minimum time unit of input data were necessary to enhance the accuracy of forecasting. If the water use of the target site was reviewed and the additional parameters that could reflect seasonal effects were considered, more accurate outflow could be forecasted to be ready for climate variability in near future. And it is expected to use as fundamental resources for establishing a reasonable river water management system based on the forecasting results.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.239-246
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• 2021

Unification means the change of the economic system from 'Planned Economy' of the North Korea to 'Market Economy' of the South Korea. Therefore, it may cause confusions and difficulties for North Koreans who have been under planned economy for ages. So, we need to take the perspective of behavioral economics for the effective education. First of all, it is about overall finance, which contains the record of financial transactions, effect of inflation, investors' bounded rationality, and choice difficulty of financial products. Second, it is about borrowings, which includes the credit management, interest rate of difference among financial institutions. Third, it is about investment on financial products, which includes the effect of cost on returns, difference between compound interest and simple interest, trade-off between expected return and risk, market and non-market risks, the importance of diversification, and passive & aggressive investments.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.367-373
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to derive the factors for purchasing a meal kit in their 20s and 30s and analyze the purchasing behavior from which factors they want to buy a meal kit in each lifestyle type. The first methodology of this study is inducing 7 factors derived from previous research on purchasing a meal kit. The second is the in-depth interview on 3 male and 3 female participants with clear purchasing criteria. As a result of the study, meal kit buyers in their 20s-30s evaluated the importance of purchasing factors in the order of quality, convenience, and taste on average in the survey. In in-depth interviews, more than half answered that they could be satisfied with the experience of using the meal kit at least freshness met. In conclusion, MZ generation meal kit consumers have a high rate of pursuing rational consumption. This study is valuable in understanding the priorities of the MZ generation's meal kit purchasing attributes and examining lifestyle type's purchasing behaviors.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.23-32
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• 2022

Although PSCB girder bridges account for 4% of the bridges in use on highways, they do not account for much, but 98% of PSCB girder bridges are 1^st type and 2^nd type of bridge. Also, the total length of the PSCB girder bridge is 16% (192km) of the total length of the highway bridge. Thus, the PSCB girder bridge can be one of the bridge types where maintenance is important. In order to analyze the damage types of PSCB girder bridges, a detailed analysis was conducted by selecting 62 places (477 spans) precision safety diagnosis reports considering ratio of the construction method and snow removal environment exposure class. Analysis of report and a field investigation was conducted, and as a result, most of the causes of deterioration damage were caused by rainwater (salt water) flowing into the bridge pavement soaking in between the top flange and the interface. After concrete slab deteriorate occurred then bridge pavement cracking and breaking increased and exfoliation of concrete occurred by corrosion and expansion of the reinforcing bars occurred. In addition, the cause of cracks in the longitudinal direction on the bottom of the top flange is considered to be cracks caused by restrained drying shrinkage. In conclusion, for reasonable maintenance considering the characteristics of PSCB girder bridges, it should be suggested in the design aspect that restrained drying shrinkage crack on top flange. Also, it is believed that differentiated maintenance method should be proposed according to snow removal environment exposure class.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2023

Recently, the damage caused by natural disasters such as typhoons and localized torrential rains has been increasing rapidly. The Ministry of the Interior and Safety enacted a ｢law on safety management of small sized infrastructures｣ and local governments have to register small sized infrastructures with the National Disaster and Safety Management System (NDMS) until March 31st every year. Recently, each local government has ordered Safety inspections of small sized infrastructures and maintenance plans and six types of facilities, including small streams, small bridges, farm roads, access roads to village, inlet weirs, and drop structures are being surveyed and digitized into a database. Each facility is being evaluated for risk, and for those deemed hazardous, maintenance plans are being developed. However, since the risk assessment method of small sized infrastructures is not clear so that is conducted through visual investigation by field investigators, risk assessment is conducted in a subjective and ambiguous form. Therefore, this study presented a reasonable and quantitative risk assessment method by providing a quantitative evaluation indicator for small stream, which has the highest disaster risk among other small sized infrastructures, so that small sized hazard infrastructures can be selected to secure transparent evidence for improvement plans and action plans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.84-95
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• 2022

The landscaping of Amore-Pacific's new building has received various awards since its construction. This study attempted to identify the mechanisms of planning, design, and construction of this project through the ground theory. The results of the study are summarized as follows. The client's place attachment of the sites, which was the company's parent, was the driving force for an international design competiton in which architecture and landscaping were integrated. After that, in the detailed design stage for the actual implementation of the contest-winning plan, competent local designers and contractors were selected, and a consultative body was operated to engage in various opinions and promote rational decision-making. As for consultative body's operation method, simulation, physical model production, and detailed drawings were created after sharing opinions, and landscape design supervision played a major role. Establishing consistency in design and construction through integrated planning and landscape design supervision is required to cultivate craftsmanship and foster landscape coordinators in today's industrialized practice. The accumulation of related follow-up studies and supplementation of the system is anticipated.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.52
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• pp.39-73
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the issues and alternatives in the promotion of space and exhibition support projects in visual arts, and to suggest an applicable direction of the government grant program. For this study, FGI and in-depth interviews were conducted in the direct beneficiaries of the grant program, the staff of the grant program, and the group of visual arts expert. As a result, the deliberation and selection of the support project should be carried out with sufficient time in consideration of the specificity of the support project. And the project requires to divide into two kinds of the projects based on the understanding of the social role and differentiation of non-profit exhibition spaces and private art museums. For the grant application and assessments, a long-term support is necessary to bring the capability and issues in efficient allocation of the budget, flexibility of budget item, and the budget shortfalls. Furthermore, the reliability between the grant program and beneficiaries needs to form a healthy partnership, and the evaluation criteria and eNARADOEUM system should be more practical and rationally established. Through this analysis, the implications of understanding the specificity of visual arts support projects, establishment of sustainable visual arts creation policies, and budget utilization were derived. Consequently, cultural and artistic support projects were directed to place more emphasis on efficiency than control, direction considering the position of consumers than suppliers, and long-term business planning rather than short-term perspective.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2010

Due to the characteristic of culvert structure, the standard section of the culvert has been established and applied in field. However, this becomes a limitation in selecting a section design corresponding to various field conditions although it can improve the design and applicability of culvert structure. In order to overcome this limitation, we have developed the design and application technology of culvert structure corresponding to the field conditions that various shapes of culvert structure can be covered by assembly of precast segments. Because the structural characteristics of assembling-type waterway culvert structure, the thickness of structure and amount of reinforcing rods can vary according to the fixation or internal hinge status in the connection part of precast segments. This has a strong influence on the applicability and economic efficiency of culvert structure. Accordingly, in order to suggest a reasonable modeling technique of segment connection parts, this study has conducted the field experiment and numerical analysis. According to the results of field experiment and numerical analysis, the slab, wall and base slab with mortar splice sleeves have shown that the assembling-type of waterway culvert structure behaves like an integrated structure.