• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1143-1151
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• 2013

Reasonable methods are needed to predict the noise level of new/existing roads and to select means of noise reduction. In this study, the noise reduction effects of both soundproof walls and quiet pavements were predicted. The noise reduction effects of quiet pavements were predicted by measurement data obtained using the CPX method in test pavements. The noise reduction effect was predicted by KHTN program when applied to soundproof walls and quiet pavement. As a result, the predicted noise level was similar to the measured one. The design method was suggested by an economic analysis using noise benefit of predicted noise reduction. The research suggests that the optimum alternative has to be determined using noise prediction method and life-cycle cost analysis.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 2017

This study investigates the problems resulting from the Internet addiction policy management in South Korea and discusses a direction for rational policies by developing a system that facilitates interactive discussions among interest individuals and groups. The Korean society has experienced conflicts of interests among the government, the private sector and civil society in the policy. In addition, heightened competition among government ministries has led the Internet addiction policy management to be susceptible to how citizens respond to the claims of interested parties, thereby having the rationality of the policy management less count. To address these issues, this study investigates the current Internet addiction policy and explores the potential of new governance from a perspective of new institutionalism. This study suggests that the system of the Internet addiction policy should be restructured to transfer control over the policy from the central to local government and develop governance centered on the consensus of the government, the private sector, and civil society.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.167-174
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• 2016

The university and college turn into the field of job readiness to get a good job and students build a lot of job specification than others and are constantly studying for employment. Then since employment, some people are fortunate to keep the job for lifetime, but for many people work in the workplace did not meet his aptitude with patience and some people move for work several times without perseverance. One of the reasons for job dissatisfaction is that the job does not fit his aptitude. Meantime many organizations conducted the aptitude(Psychology) test. There are limits, however, to find a suitable job. This study was presented as a model of a platform that is a rational and scientific alternative to search course and job. This model is to better understand the individual characteristics using Big data and artificial intelligence, offers several jobs to meet the characteristics among the various professions selectively and supports to select and design an appropriate job based on the field experience, consulting and mentoring.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.317-321
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• 2010

대부분의 유역에는 다수의 댐이 건설되어 운영되고 있는 것이 일반적이며, 이들 댐 군의 효과를 극대화하기 위하여 연계최적운영 기법의 적용이 일반화 되고 있다. 2000년 수립된 국가장기수 자원계획에서도 이미 4대강 수계의 댐 군의 연계운영 효과로 2011년까지 6억 $m^3$를 반영하고 있다. 또한 프론티어 연구개발사업을 통해 순수한 시스템적인 개선으로 30억 $m^3$의 용수를 추가적으로 확보하는 방안이 오래전부터 진행되어 오고 있다. 이와 같은 방법론의 핵심은 수문기상의 예측정도를 높이고 장단기 강우-유출을 사전 혹은 실시간으로 예측하여 수자원시설물의 기능을 최대화시키는 전략으로 현재와 같이 댐과 같은 수리구조물을 신규로 건설하는데 어려움이 많은 경우 유용한 대안이 될 수 있다. 그러나 수리구조물의 운영에 필요한 많은 변수 중에서 가장 예측이 어려우며 또한 효과를 평가할 수 있는 가장 핵심적인 요소인 수문사상에 대한 정보의 신뢰도에는 한계가 있다. 다시 말하면 현재와 같은 상황에서 수자원시설물의 시스템적인 개선을 통한 편익의 신뢰도가 구조물적인 효과의 신뢰도를 보장하기 어렵다는 것이다. 결국 주어진 여건에서 수자원이용의 효과를 극대화시키기 위해서는 구조적 대안과 시스템적인 기법을 같이 적용할 수밖에 없으며 상호 보완적으로 활용하는 것이 가장 합리적일 것이다. 이와 같은 측면에서 구조적인 댐간 연결은 일정범위까지는 확실한 효과를 담보할 수 있으며 이 또한 시스템적으로도 유용할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 개념을 안동댐과 임하댐이 도수터널로 연결될 경우로 가정하여 예상되는 효과에 대하여 평가하였다. 평가방법은 일간연계모의모형과 일간도수연결모의모형을 개발하여 적용하였으며 무효방류량의 감소정도와 용수공급 증가량과 공급의 신뢰도, 부족량의 크기 등을 비교 평가하였다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.703-714
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• 2002

During drought, there have been a number of conflicts because of the limited and insufficient water to allocate for the numerous water users. To solve the problems, the decision on the priority of water use should be made with social rationality A rational and systematic procedure needs to be implemented in order to decide the priority of water use. First, a criteria level is made of the main and detailed drought impacts which come from the economic, environmental, and social aspects. Four alternatives are then identified for priority of water use. Second, survey to the two group(professional, residents) has been done with using pair wise comparisons. Finally, the relative weights and the priority of alternatives are determined by means of the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) which is one of the Multi-Attributed Decision Method(MADM). By using AHP, it has been concluded that the water allocation during drought should be accomplished in order of domestic, irrigation, industrial, and river maintenance water. If the AHP method were improved for inconsistency which may be generated with survey analysis, a number of applications will be used for the solutions of problem in water resources systems.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.646-646
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• 2015

임진강은 북한지역이 유역면적의 60%에 달하고 2000년대 초부터 북한의 4월5일 댐과 황강댐과 남한의 군남과 한탄강 홍수조절지로 인해 물의 흐름과 강의 모습이 급격히 변화하고 있다. 기후변화 측면에서도 한반도 중부지역으로 기온 증가와 계절별 유출량, 특히 봄철의 유출량 감소가 전망되는 지역이다. 임진강 본류 유량 감소는 북한 측의 영향은 자료가 전무하고, 남측에서는 횡산, 군남 등 일부 수위표 자료만이 가용한 수준이다. 현재까지 자료로 보면, 2014년에 연강수량이 예년의 50% 수준이었던 점이 본류 유량 감소의 주 원인이었고, 다른 원인은 군남 홍수조절지의 저류 수준이 그 직하류 유량 변동에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 유량감소 영향은 2014년 장단반도 일대 파주지역에서 가장 극심하였고, 유량 감소와 연동된 염도 변동이 가중되면서 모내기철 농업용수 공급이 어려웠다. 유량 감소 피해는 농업보다 어업분야에서 그 체감 정도가 극심하였고 경제적 피해도 심각했다. 체감하는 주민들 대부분은 댐 건설 이후 하도와 수변의 침식과 퇴적 등 하천의 역동성이 변화함을 느끼고 있고, 그로 인해 어업과 수생태계가 지속가능성하지 않을 거라는 우려가 팽배해 지고 있다. 지금까지 파악된 임진강 유량 감소의 수준과 피해 정도가 앞으로 어떻게 변화될지, 그 수준, 심각성, 경제적 피해와 환경적 가치나 서비스 제약 등에 대해 면밀한 검토가 필요하다. 하천의 흐름이 단절, 변경되어 야기되는 직간접적 변화를 인정하고 이를 지속가능하게 보완할 방안이 논의되어야 할 시점이다. 무엇보다 수환경과 수생태계의 변화 정도를 파악하기 위한 장기모니터링이 절실하고 그 결과의 해석을 통해 새로운 대안을 모색해 나가야 할 것이다. 2014년 혹은 그보다 심각한 강우량 감소 재현을 대비하고, 기후변화와 남북한 문제까지를 고려한 임진강 관리가 필요하다. 단기적으로는 농업용수 공급을 위해 하천 본류는 물론 가용한 저수지, 지하수 등 대체 자원을 적극 활용하는 등 비상급수체계를 운영해야 한다. 그러나 기후변화 등 장래 여건이 수량 압박을 가중할 것을 고려, 유역의 용수수급과 변동성에 대한 재평가가 시급하다. 보다 면밀한 평가는 횡산, 군남 등을 포함한 남북유역의 상황을 장기모니터링하고 북한 지역의 기초 자료 확보를 위한 여건을 마련해야 한다. 보다 합리적 분석을 위해 임진강 수계와 유역을 국가하천에서 국제하천으로 격상하는 방안이나, DMZ와 연계한 남북공유 하천으로 관리하는 등의 새로운 대안이 절실하다. 국제수로협약 등을 통해 접경지역의 하천관리를 공동으로 하고 있는 외국 사례의 시사점도 접목해 볼 필요가 있다. 무엇보다 임진강 관리를 좀 더 제도적 틀안에서 확립해 가기 위해 지역정부로서의 경기도, 중앙정부 주체로 국토부와 통일부가 보다 협력적인 관계 정립과 역할 배분을 논의해야 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.81-88
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• 2008

In this study, to determine the priority of the effect factors and the preferences of commonly used reinforcing methods for the cut-slope, the reasonable analysis using AHP technique was performed. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique is the most widely used method out of all existing decision making methods. On choosing the methods, the most important factor is analyzed to be the stability and durability. Stability, durability and environmental compatibility took up over 50% of the total contributing factors. Cut-slope reinforced method preference with increasing stability method confirmed that concrete retaining wall, reinforced-soil wall and cutting method showed the highest preference rate. Also, in practical field conditions, the cutting method out of four methods was chosen to be the most effective method. This reflected that the methods that are equally superior in all aspects of evaluation factors are more important than the methods with superiority in highly prioritized evaluation factors.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

Unlike other lawsuits, patent infringement litigation is a very difficult case to grasp without expert knowledge of the patented technology. The Patent Agent Act seems to recognize the legal representation of patent agent in Article 8, but the Constitutional Court and the Court have refused to recognize patent agent's legal representation right in the patent infringement suit. In this regard, constant controversy is taking place among patent agents and lawyers. This study examines the measures to enhance the effectiveness and professionalism of patent litigation in patent infringement litigation. This study analyzes the role of patent attorneys in patent infringement lawsuits in major countries and derive rational alternatives. As a result, it is inappropriate to restrict the attorneys' automatic acquisition of patent attorneys' qualifications or revise the patent attorneys' law in relation to the patent attorney's right of proxy. In the case of litigation parties, it is a desirable alternative to introduce a revised patent attorney system for the fundamental problem solving and to allow the litigants to reasonably choose the litigation agent.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.3A
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• pp.217-225
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• 2009

Bridge design is a problem-solving process whose level of design quality strongly depends on how to relate design constraints with feasibile design objectives in conceptual design stage. This paper has focused on how to create bridge shapes using creativity toward better looking bridge appearances in conceptual design stage. The term creativity in this study does not refer to the creation of something from nothing but to the reorganization of existing concepts. Such creativity includes not only enlarging the number of structural forms which is established based on the relationship between form and statics but also combining bridge design with artistic components like an architectural style. Also, this study has investigated the usefulness of graphic statics as a structural analysis tool showing the analysis results visually to generate bridge forms in conceptual design stage. It is expected that the proposed way of generating bridge forms in this study to be used not only for practical purpose but also for educational purpose regarding the aesthetic bridge design serving as a new education paradigm.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.99-114
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• 2005

In Part I of this paper, a conceptual approach of the stress path method was newly proposed for a rational estimation of settlements of saturated clay deposits. A detailed procedure for effective evaluation and use of settlement-related characteristic deformation behaviors was developed in order to provide practicality to the new approach. In this Part II, on the basis of the results of Part 1, the concept of the new approach was embodied in the form of a detailed settlement estimation procedure. The applicability and usefulness of the new procedure were strongly supported by various application examples. In addition, possible errors of other conventional settlement estimation methods were investigated by comparing with the new procedure. Because of its flexible applicability for wide range of field conditions, the new procedure will have great usefulness in the practical side. For example, a reasonable foundation design based on allowable settlement criteria can be easily performed and modification of design factors can be readily reflected even during the subsequent construction stage. Especially, the new procedure will be of great use for preliminary work in a large scale construction site where various structures are planned to be constructed on a nearly identical ground condition.