• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.198-200
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• 1999

인간이 발성하는 음성에는 의미에 대한 정보 뿐만 아니라 화자의 성별에 따라 고유한 특성을 가지고 있다. 즉 음성은 고음이 강한 여성음성과 남성음성으로 분류할 수 있다. 그러나, 기존의 HMM을 이용한 음성인식시스템에서는 남성과 여성음성의 이러한 특성이 있음에도 불구하고 이를 고려하지 않고, 하나의 HMM으로 구성하고 있다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 알고리즘으로 실험한 결과 남성과 여성의 포만트 주파수가 100~30Hzck이가 나는 것을 알 수 있었고, 이러한 특성을 고려하여 남성과 여성의 음성을 구별할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 또한 남성과 여성음성을 각각 구분하여 GMM을 훈련시킨 후 인식과정에서 입력된 음성의 포만트 특성에 따라 남성음성이면 남성 HMM으로 여성음성이면 여성 HMM으로 인식을 수행함으로써 기존의 인식방법보다 남성음성은 5.2% 여성음성은 4.4% 향상된 결과를 얻었다.

• The Inventors News
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• no.34
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• pp.3-4
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• 2005

특허청, 공익변리사 특허상담센터 업무 개시 - 12지 띠동물을 소재로 한 상표, `눈에 띄네` - 특허청, 수수료 체계 개선과 함께 감면대상 확대 - 변리사 5급 특별채용 경력 요건 완화 된다 - 쌀, 영양 물질로 부가가치 입혀라! - 상표 이름에 `녹색` 바람 불고 있다 - 특허고객 콜 센터 Angel-call 서비스로 권리 수호 - 특허청, 현안과제 액션러닝으로 풀기로 결정 - 한국여성발명협회, `여성 발명 교육` 운영 - `짝퉁 싸이월드` 세계 각국에서 등장 - `05년 1/4분기 특허출원, 전년 대비 21.5$\%$ 급증

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.10
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• pp.425-432
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• 2016

This study is focused on defining what is their career goals and the standard to set up the goals as an individual married immigrant women. Marriage immigrant women are expected to have higher difficult than Korean women do in reality, so the research will figure out what career goal marriage immigrant women have to achieve the goal. As the results, the data has been collected from seven of the married immigrant women through in-depth interview, the conclusion is as followed: First, career goal for married immigrant women turns out self-reliance and valuable life. Career is used in wide spread range including a job, and their career goal is for being a self-employed, a travel guide, an english teacher, and a regular worker. They have various goal for valuable life to feel that their living is better than monetary stuff, to have a healing tour through music, and to exchange with foreign scholars and train junior scholars. They hope they can be confident as a part of the Korean society and be able to help others and to see themselves as valued to live a life.

• The Inventors News
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• no.59
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• pp.1-16
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• 2007

'여성 발명' 사업화 성공 가능성 확인/발행인 칼럼/특허청, WIPO와 업무협약 체결/특허수수료 휴대폰 결재/장영실 그리고 세종대왕/"세계여성발명대회 개최 적극 협조"/모든 여성경제인에게 기회 주어져/특허출원 쉬워져 여성.발명초보자에게 유리/결산.사진으로 보는 2007 여성발명품박람회/"창의적 교과과정으로 발명 조기영재 육성"/"발명전문인력 고교시절부터 육성한다"/역사 속의 발명품/하루 10분 발명교실/특허 Q&A/'제42회 발명의 날' 표창장 받은 문승자.서진순.김연희 회원/실존인물 임꺽정 소설인물 홍길동/특허청 서울사무소 고객공간 재배치/아이디어 착상 및 발명 기법/3만불 선진국 진입 "여성 경제력 커져야만 가능"/듀보스의 항생제/한.미.일.중.EU 5개국 특허협력/상표등록 이의신청제 모방상표 잡는 효자/발전설비진단시스템 특허출원 급증/보안기능 갖춘 휴대폰 기술 인기/일회용비밀번호 뜬다/협회소식

• Proceedings of the KHMA Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.251-251
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• 2011

• Proceedings of the KHMA Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.342-342
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• 2009

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.86-96
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• 2014

This study content analyzed the comedic events that include mothers to explore a typology of humor and representation of women in family sitcoms over the last decades. The study found that slapstick has been the most prevalent humor type over time. The study also found that romantic and sexual topics were common themes in family situation comedies over the last decades. The study confirmed an increasing pattern for foolishness in terms of the portrayals of sitcom mothers. The result also substantiated the tendentious nature of humor involved in sitcom mothers. Based on the findings, limitations and further research are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.297-323
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• 2011

Part-time jobs in Sweden are highly feminized yet are in fair conditions in terms of job security, earnings, and collective representation. Three points are considered to be important to understand why part-time work in Sweden carries such positive characteristics. First, the part-time work in Sweden is widely spread not as a result of employers' need for labor flexibilization but as means to enhance the work-life balance, a value pursued within a broader social policy package to change the breadwinner model. Second, discrimination against part-time workers is restrained in Sweden because the boundary between part-time and full-time is not conspicuous. Most of part-time jobs are occupied by regular workers who exert the right to part-time work, hence may go back to the full-time status any time. Third, the regulation on overtime work of part-time workers as well as full-time workers is strong. It is largely agreed among researchers that part-time work contributed greatly to an increase of female employment rate in Sweden. Since the 1970s, the increased availability of part-time jobs induced married women who used to be economically inactive to the labor market and maintained them to be economically active throughout the child rearing period. From the gender perspective, one may still raise issues regarding part-time work in Sweden such as persistent feminization and strong occupational sex segregation. However, the observed trend shows that the part-time work in Sweden has functioned more as a stepping stone to the full-time work for women than as a women's trap.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.151-171
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze middle-aged female householders' reasons behind becoming female householders, process of adapting to female householders' life, and experiences in preparation for old age using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. The participants were 9 middle-aged women (aged from 40-59) having professions. We interviewed each participants twice, for 60 to 90 minutes at a time from September to December of 2014. The result of this study showed following 6 emergent themes: , , , , and . Regarding the result we suggest the necessity of political support such as providing information and education for female householders' successful old age.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1336-1354
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• 1999

Researchers have rarely explored menopausal experience in the context of the totality of women's lives, subsequently making the picture of menopause incomplete, discrete and fragmented. Respecting the totality of women's lives, this study addressed how a vulnerable group of women-low income Korean immigrant women-experience menopause within a context of multiple transitions. This is a cross-sectional study using methodological triangulation. A sample of 119 first-generation Korean immigrant women aged 40 to 60 years, who were in low-income jobs, was recruited using convenience sampling methods. From the total sample, 21 peri-or post-menopausal women were recruited for in-depth interviews following the collection of the survey data. Questionnaires, short interviews, and in- depth interviews were used to collect data. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Thematic analysis was used to interpret interview data. The findings indicate that menopause was given the lowest priority amidst women's multiple and demanding roles within a gendered multiple transitional (immigration, work and menopause) context. The lack of language clarity to describe women's experience, cultural background, inadequate knowledge, and lack of social supports made menopause hidden, invisible, and inaudible. Conclusions and implications for nursing practice are guided by the goal of understanding women's experiences and meanings of menopause and supporting women through reflecting these experiences into their health care.