• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is that the low-cost mobile mapping system using INS (Inertial Navigation System) based on MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) could decipher the interpretation of road facility with the accuracy of x, y 0.546m plane error. Even though the MMS (Mobile Mapping System) technology as a new measurement technology has been used vividly to set up geographic information by some world leading surveying equipment manufacturers, the domestic technology is still in its beginning stage. Several domestic institutes and companies tried to catch up the leading technology but they just produced prototypes which needs more stabilization. Through this thesis, we developed low-cost mobile mapping system installed with INS based on MEMS after time synchronizing sensors for MMS such as LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging), CCD (Charge Coupled Device), GPS/INS (Global Positioning System / Inertial Navigation System) and DMI (Distance Measurement Instrument).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.391-399
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• 2020

Autonomous driving can be limited by only using sensors if the sensor is blocked by sudden changes in surrounding environments or large features such as heavy vehicles. In order to overcome the limitations, the precise road-map has been used additionally. In korea, the NGII (National Geographic Information Institute) produces and supplies high definition map for autonomous vehicles. Accordingly, in this study, errors occurring in the process of e data editing and dtructured esditing of high definition map are systematically typed providing by the National Geographic Information Institute. In addition, by presenting the error search process and solution for each situation, we conducted a study to quickly correct errors in high definition map, and largely classify the error items for shape integrity, spatial relationship, and reference relationship, and examine them in detail. The method was derived.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.305-315
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare algorithms of single photo resection, which determines the exterior orientation parameters used in fields such as photogrammetry, computer vision, robotics, etc. To this end, the algorithms were compared by generating experimental data by simulating terrain based on a camera used in aerial and close-range photogrammetry. Through experiments on aerial photographic camera that was taken almost vertically, it was possible to determine the exterior orientation parameters using three ground control points, but the Procrustes algorithm was sensitive to the configuration of the ground control points. Even in experiments with a close-range amateur camera where the attitude angles of the camera change significantly, the algorithm was sensitive to the configuration of the ground control points, and the other algorithms required at least six ground control points. Through experiments with two types of cameras, it was found that cosine lawbased spatial resection shows performance similar to that of a traditional photogrammetry algorithm because the number of iterations is short and no explicit initial values are required.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.145-151
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the annual variation in diameter growth of Quercus spp. and climatic factors such as monthly temperature, precipitation and solar radiation in central and northern Korea. Annual diameter growth was measured by using stem cores of 262 Quercus trees, and the correlation between the diameter growth and the climatic factors was analyzed. Mean diameter growth of Quercus spp. in Jungwangsan was larger than that in Woraksan, and mean diameter growth by the species was large in order of Q. serrata>Q. variablis>Q. mongolica>Q. dentata. The diameter growth pattern of Quercus spp. in Woraksan was different from that in Jungwangsan. Positive correlations between diameter growth of Quercus trees and temperature or the solar radiation during July were found in Jungwangsan. Significant correlations between diameter growth and solar radiation during March and precipitation during June were found in Woraksan. It is suggested that climatic factors similarly affect the diameter growth of Quercus spp. in a mountainous terrain, but influences of the climatic factors depend on other environmental conditions such as altitude, topography and soil depth.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.206-214
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• 2001

Cooling rate shows the highest as about 0.7$^{\circ}C$/hr on spring season and the lowest as about 0.3$^{\circ}C$/hr on september at plain place. The correlation coefficient between net radiation and cooling rate from sunrise to sunset was 0.63$^{**}$, It became higher to 0.90$^{**}$ when the wind speed decreased lower than 0.5 m/sec, and it decreased as the wind speed increased. On a clear and calm day, cooling rates were observed as 1.4$^{\circ}C$/hr on the plain (site 1, 2, 3), 1.2$^{\circ}C$/hr on the slope (site 4, 5) and 0.6$^{\circ}C$/hr on the top of mountain (site 6). In condition of the wind speed is 1.2~2 m/sec on a clear and calm day and the temperature on the top of mountain is lower than that of slope and plain, the temperature on the slope (site 4,5) was increased unlike our expectation.ion.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2012

In order to examine geomorphic characteristics such as form and retreat process of waterfalls in Jeju Island, 26 waterfalls were classified based upon materials forming a fall face. The waterfalls could be categorized into three types such as single unit, multiple units and basal soft-rock based upon the number and type of a lava flow. A block fall, composed of a pile of large blocks, could be added to the typology of waterfalls in Jeju Island. While the single unit fall is distributed in a region of trachyte or trachyandecite, the multiple units fall and basal soft-rock fall are largely developed in a region of basalt or trachybasalt. A retreat process of the single unit fall is an inclination or a replacement, but the basal soft-rock fall shows a parallel retreat. The multiple units fall exhibits three types of a retreat process according to the physical properties of a lava flow. The fall face is generally vertical due to well-developed vertical joints of a lava flow.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.428-439
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• 2010

Map of geographical names can give us information for understanding of region because geographical name reflects regional perception of human. This study aimed to make an web-based map by constructing database of geographical names. Main contents carried out research on methods for classification of geographical names, database construction, and mapping on the website. Geographical name classified into four categories of the physical geography, culture and historical geography, economic geography, and the other and also, 18 sub-categories by classification criteria. Geographical name designed to input by collecting geographical names from paper-based maps and vernacular place names only known to the local region. Fields of database consisted of address, coordinates, geographical name(hangeul, hanja), classification, explanation, photographs. Map of geographical names can be represented with regional geographical information. The result of research is expected to offer information for distribution of geographical names as well as regional interpretation.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2009

This study investigated the evaluation of maturity, stability, nutrient and heavy metal from rotating drum composter of food waste amended with poultry manure composting inoculated with effective microorganisms(EM). Composting were performed for the first, drying reactor($15m^3$) 3 hours and the second, composting reactor($30m^3$) 24 hours, and parameters monitored this period included moisture content, NaCl, pH, electrical conductivity(EC), C/N ratio, organic matter(OM), nutrient content and heavy metal. Changes in compost temperature during composting were maintained constantly in the range of $60{\sim}80^{\circ}C$ using firewood boiler(450 MJ/h). We examined physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in order to assess their effectiveness as stability and maturity, nutrient and harmful indicators such as seed germination rate<60%, potassium 1>%, dm and NaCl>1%, dm at the end of the final compost. The finished compost obtained after decomposition phase at the end of the 2nd composter could not be utilized for land improvement or reclamation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2003

The entrance of non prism totalstation brought the application possibility to many fields including a topographic survey and a facility measurement. In this research we would try to examine the errors and the problems which will be happened in measuring object with non prism totalstation and to evaluate the accuracy and applicability. For this purposes, We checked accuracy change according to the observation ang1e and material of the object, and analyzed how much accuracy was effected with the color of the object surface and laser divergency which is proportional to the distance. By measuring the facility practically and analyzing it's results, We evaluated possibility of practical use of a non prism totalstation for a facility measurement. Consequently, We propose that the observation accuracy of non prism totalstation is not depend on the hardness or material of the object and can get a good result only when we use non prism totalstation with coaxial focusing system for a facility survey.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2003

A virtual flood scenario has been constructed to investigate the overflowing process in the flooding area. The topography is constructed using the airborne LIDAR data. In addition, the frequency and scale of the flooding and the destruction condition of the flooding defensive structure are used as input to the scenarios. Through the scenario, the inundation depth with respect to time and maximum depth has been analyzed. This analysis shows the water level variation with time which show the flooding process. Moreover, a flooding map is drawn using the results from the scenario, distribution of the defensive structure, vulnerable area, and expected destruction points in the study area. It is expected that this study can be effectively used to examine the flooding process and flood disaster management. Furthermore, it could provide important basic information for the land development and the city planning of a possible flooding area.