• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.730-736
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• 2016

In a previous study, the impact factor response spectrum and corresponding method for evaluating the load carrying capacity of bridges was suggested to improve the existing evaluation method. To verify the applicability of the suggested method, which is based on the frequency of bridges, the dynamic characteristic test for an actual single span simply-supported bridge was conducted. Through a field test under ambient traffic conditions, the dynamic response of the bridge was obtained using wireless accelometers and its fundamental frequency was identified. The peak impact factor was determined from the identified frequency and the impact factor response spectrum. The load carrying performance variation of the bridge was estimated considering the performance reduction factor, which was calculated using the current and previous natural frequency and impact factor. From the result, the load carrying capacity of the bridge was decreased, but the capacity was still enough because its value is greater than the design live load. Through the overall procedures and technical details presented in this paper, the suggested evaluation method can be applied to actual bridges with the acceleration data measured under ambient traffic conditions and the impact factor response spectrum.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.162-169
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• 2016

Using 1795 observations from the 5 year-359 firm panel data collected during the period from 2009 to 2013 in Chinese stock exchanges, this study examines the impact of the controlling shareholders' ownership on R & D expenditure. This empirical study finds that when firms are state-owned, the controlling shareholders' ownership has a U shaped relation with the level of R & D expenses. A non-linear relation is also found when piece-wise regression models are applied. This empirical study also finds that when firms are private-owned, the controlling shareholders' ownership is negatively related to the level of R & D expenses, and no structural changes in the relation are found when piece-wise regression models are applied. These results support the hypothesis that the effects of the controlling shareholders' ownership on R & D expenses may differ depending on the ownership type of the controlling shareholders. This finding suggests that the differences in the controlling shareholders' incentives due to their ownership type should be considered when exploring the relation between the controlling shareholders' ownership and corporate strategic decisions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.563-572
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify blood and body fluids exposure, and factors influencing compliance with standard precautions among nurses. Participants consisted of 144 nurses in three general hospitals located in C province. Data were collected using a questionnaire that consisted of awareness, compliance, safety environment and attitude toward standard precautions. A total of 40.3% of participants had been injured by syringes or sharp tools that had already been used for patients within the last 1 year 1.01 times. Moreover, 22.9% of participants had been exposed to blood and body fluid of patients 1.06 times within the last 1 year. The mean score for compliance with standard precautions was lower than its awareness. There was a significant correlation between compliance and awareness and a safe environment. Multiple regression revealed an adjusted $R^2$ of 0.166 with the awareness score serving as the major predictor variable for compliance of standard precautions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies to apply to systemic and continuous education regarding standard precautions and to foster a safe environment to enhance nurses' compliance with standard precautions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.382-390
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the quality of life of cancer patients based on demographic characteristics, health status, and mental health using the results of the 6th National Health and Nutrition Survey. The research tool used the demographic characteristics, health status, mental health, and quality of life of the KNHANES VI-2. Data analysis was conducted using SAS 9.3 version. There were significant differences in the quality of life in the study results by age, gender, economic activity, individual income quartile, subjective health status, mental health status, activity limitation, stress perception, and experience of depression symptoms. Factors influencing the quality of life of cancer patients included age, sex, income quintiles(individual), subjective health status, activity limitation, and experience of depression symptoms, which together explained 39.1% of the quality of life. To improve the quality of life of cancer patients, comprehensive management is required from diagnosis to treatment to return to society. It is also necessary to develop and apply long-term programs including multidimensional approaches and improvement of quality of life, early screening of cancer and cancer prevention education, management of depression symptoms, and social support.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.456-466
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• 2017

This study examined the relationship between the interest in smoking cessation and factors that define the interest in smoking cessation. The study subjects were 593 male civil servants who worked at D metropolitan city, and were smokers at the time of the survey. The research method was a survey using a self-administered questionnaire in October 2015. As a result, the interest in smoking cessation showed a positive correlation with the cues to action for smoking cessation, recognition of susceptibility for lung cancer, recognition of the seriousness for lung cancer, and benefits to the practice of action on smoking cessation. With the analysis of the covariance structure, the benefits and barriers to the practice of action on smoking cessation were the largest factors increasing the interest of smoking cessation, followed by the order of recognition of susceptibility and seriousness for lung cancer, cues to action for smoking cessation, and social support network. These results suggest that the cancer prevention effect due to smoking and the awareness of the seriousness of the health problems caused by smoking were the factors increasing interest in smoking cessation. Therefore, it is very important that education on quitting smoking for male smokers be continued to better understand the factors leading to an increase in smoking.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.490-496
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• 2017

This study targeted college students to determine the moderating effect of immersion in the relationship among stress, satisfaction with life, and satisfaction with college life. To this end, the level of stress, satisfaction with life, satisfaction with college life, and immersion were measured in353 students attending S University. First of all, correlation analysis showed that stress had a negative correlation with immersion, satisfaction with life, and satisfaction with college life and immersion had a positive correlation with satisfaction with life and satisfaction with college life. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to determine the moderating effects of immersion in the relationship among stress, satisfaction with life, and satisfaction with college life. The results showed that immersion had a moderating effect on the relationship between stress and satisfaction with life, while immersion did not have a mitigating effect on the relationship between stress and satisfaction with college life. Based on these findings, this paper suggests raising the ability of immersion as a measure of intervention in handling the stress of college students and discusses the significance and limitations of this study.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.342-352
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical activity practice rates and knowledge related to cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention on the health behavior of middle aged women. Data were collected from Oct to Nov 2017 from 142 middle-aged women living in 24 Eup, Myeon, and Dong areas in North Gyeongsangbuk-do Province using a structured questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The major factors influencing health behavior were found to be alcohol consumption (${\beta}=0.15$, p=0.009), diet (${\beta}=0.16$, p=0.003), vigorous intensity (${\beta}=0.14$, p=0.011), marriage (${\beta}=0.19$, p<0.001), interest in one's own health (${\beta}=0.23$, p<0.001), and health recognition (ill: ${\beta}=0.31$, p<0.001). Alcohol consumption and diet were factors of cardiocerebrovascular knowledge, vigorous intensity was a factor of physical activity practice rate, marriage and interest in one's own health were factors of general characteristics, and health recognition was a factor in health-related characteristics. Health-promotion activity was positively correlated with knowledge regarding cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention (r=0.41, p<0.001) and physical activity practice rate (r=0.44, p<0.001). It will be necessary to develop and apply practical intervention programs based on disease prevention knowledge and physical activity to enhance the health behavior of middle aged women.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.254-264
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• 2018

The study aims were to verify the influences of job environment factors and work attitude on turnover intention of school foodservice employees, and then to verify the mediating effect of organization commitment between six areas of worklife and turnover intention so that organizations can intervene to reduce the turnover intentions of employees. The subjects were 205 employees who were working in the school foodservice field. The job environment factors were measured by six areas of worklife (workload, control, reward, fairness, community, value) and the organizational commitment was measured by two types of commitments (affective, continuance). The results were as follows. First, workload, reward, community and value of six areas of worklife reduced affective commitment, control and fairness increased continuance commitment, and affective commitment reduced turnover intention. Second, only reward and community showed direct effect on turnover intention, but all six areas of worklife had a statistically significant indirect effect on turnover intention through affective commitment. These results showed that job environment factors had both direct and indirect effect on employees' behavior through employees' affection. These findings imply that organizations can control employees' turnover intention by providing education or social support to maintain their affective commitment even when organizations cannot change job environment.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.103-115
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• 2011

Concrete slab curls and warps due to the uneven distribution of temperature and moisture and as the result, internal stress develops within the slab. Therefore, environmental loads must be considered in addition to the traffic loads to predict the lifespan of the concrete pavement more accurately. The strength of the concrete slab is gradually decreases to a certain level at which fatigue cracking is generated by the repetitive traffic and environmental loadings. In this study, a new fatigue regression model was developed based on the results from previously performed studies. To verify the model, another laboratory flexural fatigue test program which was not used in the model development, was conducted and compared with the predictions of other existing models. Each fatigue model was applied to analysis logic of cumulative fatigue damage of concrete pavement developed in the study. The sensitivity of cumulative fatigue damage calculated by each model was analyzed for the design factors such as slab thickness, joint spacing, complex modulus of subgrade reaction and the load transfer at joints. As the result, the model developed in this study could reflect environmental loading more reasonably by improving other existing models which consider R, minimum/maximum stress ratio.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.139-148
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• 2011

Asphalt concrete overlay method is used by general maintenance and rehabilitation of construction for aged concrete pavement in Korea. However, in case of the AC overlay method to extend service life of the existing concrete pavements, various distresses of reflection crack, pothole and rutting are the typical problems of the asphalt overlay on existing concrete pavement since it has different physical characteristics between asphalt overlay and existing concrete pavement. To achieve this, application of concrete overlay method is required instead of AC overlay method. Concrete overlay method has advantages that can reduce maintenance cycle and costs since it has excellent bearing value for heavy vehicles and no rutting. However, technical problems of detour road construction, traffic control and other disadvantages happened by long curing time. Thus, in this study and experimental research were launched to evaluate the workability, durability and resistance against environmental loading of Very Rapid Hardening Acrylic Polymer Modified Concrete(VRH-APMC) for application of bonded concrete overlay method. Test results showed that the compressive and bond strength were exceed 21MPa and 1.4MPa of target strength after four hours for rapid traffic opening properties. And tests of resistance against environmental loading results showed that VRH-APMC secured excellent durability. Thus, it was known that VRH-APMC was suitable material for large scale bonded concrete overlay method, and it was possible to use maintenance and rehabilitation method which needs enough workability and rapid traffic opening.