• Composites Research
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.39-46
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• 2000

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) cuts metal by discharging electric current across a thin gap between tool and workpiece. Electrical discharge wire cutting, a special form of EDM, uses a continuously moving conductive wire as an electrode, and is widely used for the manufacture of punches, dies and stripper plates. In the wire cutting process, the moving wire is usually supported by cantilever arm and wire guides. As the wire traveling speed has been increased in recent years to improve productivity, the vibration of the cantilever arm occurs, which reduces the positional accuracy of the machine. Therefore, the design and manufacture of the cantilever arm with high dynamic characteristics have become important as the machining speed increases. In this paper, the cantilever arm for guiding the moving wire was designed and manufactured using carbon fiber epoxy composite in order to improve the static and dynamic characteristics. Specimens for the composite cantilever arm were manufactured and tested to investigate the effect of the number of reinforcing plies and length fitted to steel flange on the load capacity. Also, the finite element analysis using layer and contact elements was performed to compare the calculated results with the experimental ones. From the results, the prototype of the composite cantilever arm for the electrical discharge wire cutting machine was manufactured and the static and dynamic characteristics were compared with those of the conventional steel cantilever arm.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.914-921
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• 2010

When industrial structures are constructed on soft ground, ground subsidence is occurred by problems of bearing capacity. To protect ground subsidence have to improve soft ground, and have to predict settlement estimation for reasonable construction. Artificial Neural Networks(ANN) is adopted for prediction of settlement of construction during the initial design. In the study, Artificial Neural Networks are applied to predict the settlement estimation of initial condition ground and ground improved by D.C.M method. Also, this study compares results of Artificial Neural Networks and results of continuum analysis using Mohr-Coulomb models. In result, settlements of initial condition ground decreased over 0.7 times. Also, by comparing ANN and continuum analysis, coefficient of determination was comparatively high value 0.79. Thought this study, it was confirmed that settlements of improvement ground is predicted using laboratory experiment data.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.157-168
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to examine differences in mammography screening according to breast cancer and social network characteristic. Methods: Data were collected from 187 married women 35 years and older who were using public health centers, health promotion centers, cultural centers, obstetrics and gynecology hospitals or other relevant community sites. Data were collected between October 24 and December 4, 2008. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 15.0 program. Results: The participation rate for mammography screening was 35.3%. The following general and breast cancer characteristics showed statistically significant differences: religion, family incomes, regular medical-care, general health examinations during past 2 years, and history of breast disease. The following social network characteristics showed statistically significant differences: social norms and subjective norms. Using logistic regression analysis, regular medical-care, breast cancer risk appraisal, social norm, and subjective norms were highly predictive of subsequent mammography. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that it is important to develop and provide tailored intervention programs through integrated socially mediated programs. By consciously including social network and support systems, breast cancer detection efforts would not end as a one-time event, but naturally build on network structure of adults women, thus facilitating regular mammography screening.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.435-443
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• 2005

Purpose: This study investigated the degree of fatigue of hemodialysis patients, and finds the relationship between fatigue and self-efficacy, family support, and sleep factor. Also, this study was purposed to provide fundamental data to help set up a nursing plan and intervention for recovery and mitigation of hemodialysis patient's fatigue. Method: The subjects in this study were patients treated as hemodialysis patients in Kwangjoo City. Data, subjects are 143 patients. Fatigue was measured using Lee's scale(1991), Self-efficacy using Kim's scale(1995), and Family support using Kim's scale(1993). For the analysis of collected data, Cronbach alpha, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Stepwise multiple regression were used for statistical analysis by SPSSwin(version 11.0) program. Result: Fatigue degree of hemodialysis patients averaged 4.22. Among 143 hemodialysis patients, 70.63% patients answered that they had felt fatigue as noted in this study. The weariest time was after hemodialysis for 21.0% patients. There was significant difference according to the diagnosis period. The patients who were diagnosed over one year had felt more fatigue than ones who were diagnosed within one year. Fatigue was significantly associated with self-efficacy, family support, and sleep factor. Self-efficacy could explain 14.6% of fatigue. Conclusion: The fatigue degree relates with all, self-efficacy, family support, and sleep factor. Especially, it is affected by self-efficacy among them. Thus, the program should be developed to mitigate fatigue as the self-efficacy of hemodialysis is enhanced.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.41-57
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze music therapy students' experience of peer supervision as supervisee. A total of 17 participants in a university in Seoul, participated two times in structured dyadic peer supervision with a different student. In-depth, semi-structured interviews with the students were conducted and content analysis was used for analyzing the data. The results showed that peer supervision was recognized as an important technique as students experienced an accepting and supportive emotional climate that increased their motivation in terms of their professional growth. However, the students also experienced anxiety and dissatisfaction when they could not get a definitive answer from their peer or their peer could not solve their problem. The structure of peer supervision could help the participants by facilitating the process, providing directions, and promoting interaction between peer. This study is significant that it provides actual content in music therapy students' experiences as a supervisee, and enables students to apply peer supervision to their professional growth.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2006

The effects of the number of Hangul syllable, the nunber/location of batchim in a Hangul word, and compound/noncompound Hangul word on memory span were examined. The results were that (1) the more syllables a word had, the lower us memory span was, (2) the more batchims a two-syllable word had, the lower its memory span was (Korean batchim effect on memory span), (3) noncompound word had higher memory span than compound word. The reading speed of above mentioned words was measured and the results were that (1) the more syllables a word had, the slower its reading speed was, (2) but the reading speed of a two-syllable word was forest when it had a batchim on second syllable than when it had no batchim or had a batchim on first syllable or batchims on both syllables (Korean ending batchim effect on reading speed), (3) noncompound word was read faster thu compound word. Korean ending batchim effect on reading speed was not compatible with the explanation by articulatory loop bur compatible with the explanation by visual cache where the orthographic information was represented. The results suggest that memory span was influenced nor only by phonological information but also by orthographic information.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.541-572
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• 2016

Causal reasoning is actively studied not only by psychologists but, in recent years, also by cognitive scientists taking the Bayesian approach. This paper seeks to provide an overview of the recent trends in causal reasoning research with a focus on the power probabilistic contrast theory of causality, a major psychological theory on causal inference. The power probabilistic contrast theory (PPCT) assumes that a cause is a power that initiates or inhibits the result. This power is purported be understood through statistical correlation under certain conditions. The paper examines the supporting empirical evidence in the development of PPCT. Also, introduced are the theoretical dispute between the PPCT and the model based on Bayesian approach, and the current developments and implications of research on causal invariance hypothesis, which states that cause operates identically regardless of the context. Recent studies have produced experimental results that cannot be readily explained by existing empirical approach. Therefore, these results call for serious examination of the power theory of causality by researchers in neighboring fields such as philosophy, statistics, and artificial intelligence.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.62-73
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of tailored supportive education on physical, psychological status and quality of life in the patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) who had not participated previously in cardiac rehabilitation program. Methods: This study was used a non-equivalent control pre-post design, conducted on 64 CHF patients under medical treatment in a hospital. The experimental group (n=31) received the tailored supportive educational program (once 1~2 days before discharge and 6 times after discharge through outpatient visits or telephone contact: once every week for the first 4 weeks after discharge and once every 2 weeks for the remaining 4 weeks). The control group (n=33) received a traditional discharge education. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and repeated measure ANOVA using the SPSS/ WIN 18.0 program. Results: Participants in the experimental group showed the significantly increased scores of the quality of life (F=16.01, p<.001), and the significantly decreased scores of physical function (F=7.27, p=.009), depression (F=8.25, p=.006) and anxiety (F=4.11, p=.047), when compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: The findings indicated tailored supportive education was an effective intervention care in physical, emotional status and quality of life for CHF patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.817-828
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• 1999

This is a descriptive study on quality of life(QOL) and related factors of ostomates to provide a basic data for development of nursing interventions. The subjects were 110 ostomates who were members of the Daegu or Daejon branches of the Korean Ostomy Association. Data collection was performed between March 1st and April 6th, 1998. Measurements of QOL, self-care, family support, self-esteem, and hope were used as the study tools. Data were analyzed with the SAS program by using t-test, ANOVA Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The results are as follows : 1) The score on the QOL scale ranged from 97 to 226 with a mean of 164.53($\pm$28.29). 2) The score of QOL on the general and ostomate-related characteristics showed significant differences according to monthly income, monthly participation in ostomate meetings, combined treatments after operation, types of evacuation management, problems of ostomy, help in caring for the ostomy, length of time since ostomate surgery, and presence or absence of readmission after discharge. 3) There were significant positive correlations between quality of life and other factors : self-esteem(r＝0.7107, P＜0.001), hope(r＝0.6584, P＜0.001) family support(r＝0.6191, P＜0.001), perception of health condition(r＝0.6017, P＜0.001), and self-care (r＝0.2286, P＜0.05). 4) The variables that affected the quality of life of the subjects were self-esteem, level of family support, perception of health condition, monthly participation in ostomate meetings, combined treatments after operation, monthly income, level of hope, and age in that order. The variance of quality of life was $R^2$＝77.20 percent by calculating the sum of those variables. In conclusion, it is necessary for nursing intervention to promote self-esteem, family support, and hope in the care of ostomates in order to improve QOL.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.391-401
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• 2000

This descriptive study was designed to identify the factors associated with weight control behaviors among 273 high school girls with normal body weight. The objectives of the study were ⅰ) to evaluate subjective obesity and satisfaction with the body shape, ⅱ) to describe the weight control behaviors and the motivation, ⅲ) to reveal the relationships between the weight control behaviors and BMI (Body Mass Index), iv) to investigate the relationships between the weight control behaviors and subjective obesity and satisfaction with the body shape, and v) to investigate the relationships between the weight control behaviors and family support. The results showed that 62.6% of the adolescent girls with normal weight perceived that they were fatty and 9.9% thought they were obese. Seventy-five percent of them were not satisfied with their body shape. Eighty percent of the participants reported the main motivation of weight control was to have an attractive appearance. In this study, self-reported weight control methods included dieting (64.8%, skipping or reducing meals), exercise (36.6%), and special dieting (20.1%) such as eating an increased amount of juice or vegetables. It was shown that the subjects who were not satisfied with their body shape and perceived themselves as fatty or obese were active in exercise, diet, and other special diets. Subjects who were on diets and special diets had a higher level of BMI than who were not on diet and special diet. Subjects who exercise had a lower level of BMI than who did not exercised. Family support was significantly related to exercise behavior. The research suggested that there is a increasing responsibility for school nurse to instruct on the body shape and weight control behaviors through health education and consultation. Also, the results suggested that it is important to develop proper diet and exercise methods for adolescents girls to maintain their weight and health.