• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.193-213
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• 2016

This study has two goals. The First is to develop and apply a step-by-step program and the degree to which students' mathematical skills. The second is to analyze mathematical attitude change around the first grade students was done. The program for learning complement number is composed of series of 5 steps and 11 classes. Play for learning complement number, taking into account the difficulty of the learning steps 1-5 are organized. First step is composed of the classes which fragmented pieces of shapes to complete the entire geometry with fun activities for the entire part of the concept of learning and it maintenance concepts and can naturally learn by associating step. In second step, tools to take advantage of the real world and collecting the conservative concept. 3rd steps is to repair the mathematical concept of the parish in the learning stage of expansion. 4th step is halrigalri, number cards, making ten games etc. 5th step is to verify the concept of complement number and number operation ability. The concept of complement number through fun activities can improve students' mathematical skills, and mathematical attitude change. Early in the program, students use the finger to throw acid in the process. Simple addition and subtraction calculations may take a long time and error, but more and more we progress through the program using the fingers is eliminated and a more complex form calculations was not difficult to act out.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2010

We propose a system that automatically recognizes the tense or relaxed condition of scrolling-shooting game subject that plays. Existing study compares the changed values of source of stimulation to the player by suggesting the source, and thus involves limitation in automatic classification. This study applies SOM of unsupervised learning for automatic classification and recognition of player's condition change. Application of SOM for automatic recognition of tense and relaxed condition is composed of two steps. First, ECG measurement and analysis, is to extract characteristic vector through HRV analysis by measuring ECG after having the player play the game. Secondly, SOM learning and recognition, is to classify and recognize the tense and relaxed conditions of player through SOM learning of the input vectors of heart beat signals that the characteristic extracted. Experiment results are divided into three groups. The first is HRV frequency change and the second the SOM learning results of heart beat signal. The third is the analysis of match rate to identify SOM learning performance. As a result of matching the LF/HF ratio of HRV frequency analysis to the distance of winner neuron of SOM based on 1.5, a match rate of 72% performance in average was shown.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.115-132
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• 2005

Libraries' functions include not only being a treasure house for cultural heritage and cultural development but also comprehensive functions such as lifelong learning and human resources development. At the present time, the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development(MOE) has legal infrastructure and leadership which can develop and manage the nation's overall human and intellectual resources unlike previous Ministry of Education. For library to evolve as a stronghold for developing human resources and lifelong education, library policies must be unified into MOE which can provide the needed leadership. With direct management of libraries by MOE, which is currently overseeing and coordinating the nation's human resources development policies, library policies can be implemented systematically, mutual cooperation between libraries will be easier, and the link between library policies and the national and regional human resources development policies can be made.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.16 no.4 s.71
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• pp.443-452
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• 2004

Recently, the Artificial Neural Network(ANN) which can organize complex non-linear problems by effectively applying the parallel computational model that is similar to the human brain, was adopted in the wide department of technology and resulted in many successful applications. In this study, a more appropriate formal method is suggested for the preliminary structural design stage controlled merely by the designer's experience and intuition. To do so, this study proposes a multi-level ANN according to the general progressive structural design procedure, using Back-Propagation Algorithm (BP) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) for the ANN learning. The preliminary structural design of cable-stayed bridges was applied to illustrate the applicability of the study formulated as stated above, and the results of two different learning methods were compared.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.699-706
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate high school students' conceptions and conceptual types on molecular kinetic theory of gases. Data was collected by a series of semi-structured and in-depth interviews, and has been analyzed. This study showed that the students came to science classes with various prior conceptions of many disciplinary topics. Their conceptual types of their prior knowledge were distinguished as superficial terms-speaking, partial sense-making, and causal sense-making by the degrees of organization and elaboration of conceptual networks. These conceptual types had influence on the ways students understand and think of science, a stability of their conceptions, a tendency to distinguish school science from everyday science, and building a meaning of concept in contexts. It was referred that the students didn't have proper understanding on the nature of scientific knowledge and had been limited their participations as active learners. Therefore, in order for students to experience conceptual change, they must have opportunities of manifesting their own thinking, taking part in discussions, and promoting their motivations and metacognition of knowing and learning science.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.382-382
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• 2011

최근의 극심한 기상이변으로 인하여 발생되는 유출량의 예측에 관한 사항은 치수 이수는 물론 방재의 측면에서도 역시 매우 중요한 관심사로 부각되고 있다. 강우-유출 관계는 유역의 수많은 시 공간적 변수들에 의해 영향을 받기 때문에 매우 복잡하여 예측하기 힘든 요소이며, 과거에는 추계학적 예측모형이나 확정론적 예측모형 혹은 경험적 모형 등을 사용하여 유출량을 예측하였으나 최근에는 인공신경망과 퍼지모형 그리고 유전자 알고리즘과 같은 인공지능기반의 모형들이 많이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 유출량을 예측하고자 할 때 학습자료 및 검정자료로써 사용되는 유출량은 수위-유량 관계곡선식으로부터 구하는 경우가 대부분으로 이는 이렇게 유도된 유출량의 경우 오차가 크기 때문에 그 신뢰성에 문제가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 수위를 직접 예측함으로써 이러한 오차의 문제점을 극복 하고자 한다. Neuro-Fuzzy 모형은 과거자료의 입 출력 패턴에서 정보를 추출하여 지식으로 보유하고, 이를 근거로 새로운 상황에 대한 해답을 제시하도록 하는 인공지능분야의 학습기법으로 인간이 과거의 경험과 훈련으로 지식을 축적하듯이 시스템의 입 출력에 의하여 소속함수를 최적화함으로서 모형의 구조를 스스로 조직화한다. 따라서 수학적 알고리즘의 적용이 어려운 강우와 유출관계를 하천유역이라는 시스템에서 발생된 신호체계의 입 출력패턴으로 간주하고 인간의 사고과정을 근거로 추론과정을 거쳐 수문계의 예측에 적용할 수 있을 것이다. 유전자 알고리즘은 적자생존의 생물학 원리에 바탕을 둔 최적화 기법중의 하나로 자연계의 생명체 중 환경에 잘 적응한 개체가 좀 더 많은 자손을 남길 수 있다는 자연선택 과정과 유전자의 변화를 통해서 좋은 방향으로 발전해 나간다는 자연 진화의 과정인 자연계의 유전자 메커니즘에 바탕을 둔 탐색 알고리즘이다. 즉, 자연계의 유전과 진화 메커니즘을 공학적으로 모델화함으로써 잠재적인 해의 후보들을 모아 군집을 형성한 뒤 서로간의 교배 혹은 변이를 통해서 최적 해를 찾는 계산 모델이다. 이러한 유전자 알고리즘은 전역 샘플링을 중심으로 한 수법으로 해 공간상에서 유전자의 개수만큼 복수의 탐색점을 설정할 뿐만 아니라 교배와 돌연변이 등으로 좁아지는 탐색점 바깥의 영역으로 탐색을 확장할 수 있기 때문에 지역해에 빠질 위험성이 크게 줄어든다. 따라서 예측과 패턴인식에 강한 뉴로퍼지 모형의 해 탐색방법을 유전자 알고리즘을 사용한다면 보다 정확한 해를 찾는 것이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 선행우량 및 상류의 수위자료로부터 하류의 단시간 수위예측에 관해 연구하였으며, 이를 위해 유전자 알고리즘을 이용항여 소속함수를 최적화 시키는 형태의 Neuro-Fuzzy모형에 대하여 연구하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.481-490
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• 2022

With the development of computing technology, the big data era has arrived, and we live with a lot of data around us. Elementary school students are no exception. Therefore, it is very important to learn to process data from elementary school. Since elementary school students have intuitive thinking, data visualization, which expresses data directly in pictures, is an important learning element. In this study, we study how effective elementary school students can visualize data in their daily lives to improve their information processing capabilities. Adata visualization program was developed by organizing and visualizing data using data visualization tools for the 8th class, which can be done by third graders in elementary school, and then experiencing the process of interaction. As a result of applying the developed program to 186 students in 7 classes, knowledge information processing competency factors were evaluated before and after class. As a result of the pre- and post-test, there was a significant difference in knowledge information processing capabilities. Therefore, the data visualization program developed in this study is effective.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.3-49
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• 1995

한국경제의 선진권진입(先進圈進入)은 국민이 선진국의 생활수준을 향유할 수 있는 국가경쟁우위(國家競爭優位)의 확보를 의미한다. 국가경쟁우위를 확보하기 위해서는 (1)국내기업의 핵심역량(核心力量)이 배양되고 과학기술하부구조(科學技術下部構造)가 확충되는 등 지식집약산업의 중추기능(中樞機能)이 집적되어야 하고, (2)정보공유(情報共有)와 공동학습(共同學習)을 실현하는 혁신주체간의 네트워크도 형성되어야 한다. 세계기업(世界企業)을 지향하는 국내기업들이 90년대에 무형경영자산(無形經營資産)에 대한 장기투자를 확대하기 시작하여, 2000년대에는 핵심역량의 축적이 가속될 것이며, 2010년대에는 한국계 다국적기업 중에서 기업내(企業內) 세계분업(世界分業)을 전개하는 초우량기업(超優良企業)이 나타날 것이다. 2010년대에는 초우량기업을 중심으로 연구개발(硏究開發)네트워크와 생산분업(生産分業)네트워크가 구축되고 과학기술하부구조가 확충되는 등 세계기업이 고부가활동(高附價活動)(상품기획 연구개발 엔지니어링 등)을 배치하는 입지조건(立地條件)이 구비될 것이다. 특히 차세대(次世代) 원천특허기술(源泉特許技術)의 확보를 위한 기초 응용연구의 국내기반도 확충될 것이다. 중소기업분야에서도 지식집약화에 경영자원을 집중적으로 투입하면서 세계시장을 대상으로 입지를 선정하고 네트워크를 활용하는 것이 보편화될 것이다. 중소기업의 조직화(組織化) 공동화(共同化)를 통하여 지식집약화와 세계화에 요구되는 경영자원의 축적이 가속되고 기능적 상호보완으로 혁신활동(革新活動)의 상승효과(相乘效果)를 증폭시키는 네트워크의 형성도 촉진될 것이다. 중견 중소기업의 업종은 특정지역에 군락(群落)을 이루고 기능(機能)의 집적(集積)과 네트워크의 형성을 통하여 지역산업(地域産業)으로서 세계시장에서 경쟁우위를 확보하게 될 것이다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.1182-1189
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• 2011

We named the system Visual Path Map which visualizes the distribution of clusters according to characteristics and entire process about exercise prescription, and we purpose to visualize a process according to exercise prescription. Visual Path Map visualizes the distribution of clusters according to characteristics, current and object distribution, and changed distribution for prescription. So it visualizes paths from current distribution to object distribution according to prescription. We used SOM in order to express properties along subjects in Visual Path map, and visualized distribution of clusters about physical characteristics, body mass index, and age information of 1,500 ordinary people. Also we visualize practical exercise prescription according to real data of expert of exercise prescription.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.99-105
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• 2015

Because intelligent and organized cyber attack, It is difficult to respond to cyber threats with only a small number of information security experts. Accordingly, information security department compared to 2013 it increased by 17%. But there was a problem that cannot train appropriate students for companies. This research examined the Workforce Framework and Knowledge Units for improving this situation. Based on this, educational department in cyber security major was selected to be learning at the university. And it proposed a plan for a managing course to operate. And the result will be utilized as fundamental research of human resources medium- and long-term demand and supply planning in cyber security department.