• CHINESE LITERATURE
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• v.100
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• pp.71-84
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• 2019

The academia has always maintained a strong interest in Fu Sheng Liu Ji since it was known to the world. However, current studies mostly focused on English versions translation, classification of works genres, the Image of the heroine Chen Yun, and depicting, which based on content of the works, the life of the lower literati in the mid-Qing Dynasty, yet no systematic discussion on the characteristic construction of memorial space has been carried out. Although real life was used as writing material, a careful reading will reveal that Shen Fu, the author, had the memories significantly split and reassembled, which was achieved through the repetition of fragmentary memory spaces. The intentionally constructed characters of these memory spaces, along with their combinations, and the mentality of the lower literati in the mid-Qing Dynasty are all worthy of further study, these aspects and their relations were discussed in this paper. The second chapter summarized, classified and described the types of memory spaces in the works. Two typical memory spaces were appeared, semi-closed dotted space and open linear space. The former was mainly in Gui Fang Ji Le and Xian Qing Ji Qu while the latter was in Kan Ke Ji Chou and Lang You Ji Kuai. The following discussion was on Shen Fu's deliberately disconnecting the time chain, and the narrative ways of categorizing and linking these memory spaces. The third chapter revealed the mentality of the lower-class literati in the mid-Qing Dynasty, which hidden behind the special construction mode of Shen Fu's memory spaces, was believed as a "active marginalization", and specifically manifested in defending the private space, as well as resisting the social space. Therefore, the paper holds that Fu Sheng Liu Ji is not a record of Shen Fu's life, but a deliberate cutting and reorganizing of the memory spaces, and his active marginalization mentality contributes to the construction of such groups of memory spaces.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.46-65
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• 1987

This study was excuted to measure the user's impact area of the Bukhan Mountain National Park. Eighteen sites of the campsite and the picnic area were sample to measure the impact rating of soil and vegetation. And three belt transects were sampled to analyze soil properties and vegetational change by the user's impact. Also user's psychology was investigated through questionnaires with the visitor and 726 answers were collected from May to June in 1987. The regression equation was significant between the distance and the soil hardness. individual number per 100$m^2$, herb coverage and similarity index from the center of picnic area to the non-use site. The tolerant tree against user's impact are Lespedza maximowiczii. Stephanandra insica, Actinidia arguta Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa and the sensitive trees were Fraxinus rhy chophylla Sorbus alnifolia. and Rhodadendron mucronulatun. The facilities factor and social factor are the most affecting factors to User's psychology by the varimax rotated factor analysis. The carrying capacity of the picnic area was 25$m^2$ per man by the degree of psychological satisfaction.