• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1152-1158
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• 2012

Development of transgenic plant increasing crop yield or disease resistance is good way to solve the world food shortage. However, the persistence of marker genes in crops leads to serious public concerns about the safety of transgenic crops. In the present paper, we developed marker-free transgenic rice inserted high molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) gene ($D{\times}5$) from the Korean wheat cultivar 'Jokyeong' using Agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation method. Two expression cassettes comprised of separate DNA fragments containing only the $D{\times}5$ and hygromycin resistance (HPTII) genes were introduced separately into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 strain for co-infection. Each EHA105 strain harboring $D{\times}5$ or HPTII was infected into rice calli at a 3: 1 ratio of EHA105 with $D{\times}5$ gene and EHA105 with HPTII gene expressing cassette. Then, among 66 hygromycin-resistant transformants, we obtained two transgenic lines inserted with both the $D{\times}5$ and HPTII genes into the rice genome. We reconfirmed integration of the $D{\times}5$ and HPTII genes into the rice genome by Southern blot analysis. Wheat $D{\times}5$ transcripts in $T_1$ rice seeds were examined with semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Finally, the marker-free plants containing only the $D{\times}5$ gene were successfully screened at the $T_1$ generation. These results show that a co-infection system with two expression cassettes could be an efficient strategy to generate marker-free transgenic rice plants.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.618-625
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• 2014

Rice flour is used in many food products. However, dough made from rice lacks extensibility and elasticity, making it less suitable than wheat for many food products such as bread and noodles. The high-molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) of wheat play a crucial role in determining the processing properties of the wheat grain. This paper describes the development of marker-free transgenic rice plants expressing a wheat Glu-Dy10 gene encoding the HMG-GS from the Korean wheat cultivar 'Jokyeong' using Agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation. Two expression cassettes, consisting of separate DNA fragments containing Glu-1Dy10 and hygromycin phosphotransferase II (HPTII) resistance genes, were introduced separately into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 for co-infection. Each EHA105 strain harboring Glu-1Dy10 or HPTII was infected into rice calli at a 3: 1 ratio of Glu-1Bx7 and HPTII. Among 290 hygromycin-resistant $T_0$ plants, we obtained 29 transgenic lines with both the Glu-1Dy10 and HPTII genes inserted into the rice genome. We reconfirmed the integration of the Glu-1Dy10 gene into the rice genome by Southern blot analysis. Transcripts and proteins of the Glu-1Dy10 in transgenic rice seeds were examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The marker-free plants containing only the Glu-1Dy10 gene were successfully screened in the $T_1$ generation.

• The Journal of the Korean Institute of Forest Recreation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 2018

This is a cross-sectional study that suggests ways to activate forest welfare services (FWS) by investigating the infrastructure, service status, and perception on FWS in Korea. In August 2016, a structured email survey was conducted in nation widely. The respondents were mostly directors and general secretary (75.0%). The considerable number (16.3%) of nursing homes (NH) use some floors of the complex buildings that would be difficult to have FWS infrastructure and about 30% of those without forests near the facilities. The directors of NH recognize that FWS has positive effects on the elderly. However, FWS is not an requisite of the longterm care insurance benefit, and so costly and effort-intensive that FWS has not been activated so far. In order to activate FWS in NHs, it is necessary to develop and disseminate the guidelines on FWS that anyone can easily followed. In addition, when the National Health Insurance Corporation evaluates NHs, they should evaluate not only whether there is a wandering or walking space, but also whether it has forest healing factors such as forests. It is also necessary to create a barrier-free environment both inside and outside of NHs, increasing accessibility to the toilet in gardens, paving a passage for wheelchairs and lifts in forests near NHs. Through these efforts, it is expected that FWS will be activated to provide physical, mental rest and comfort, appropriate cognitive stimulation to the NH residents at the end of life.