• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.535-539
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• 2000

Ectopic eruption of a tooth into the oral environment occurs commonly whereas ectopic eruption of a tooth into other sites is rare. Those that have been reported include the nasal cavity, chin, mandibular condyles, coronoid processes, orbits and maxillary sinus. The etiologic factors of ectopic eruption are developmental disturbances such as cleft palate and teeth displaced by trauma or cysts, maxillary infection, genetic factors, crowding and exceptionally dense bone. In many cases, however, the etiology cannot be identified. Eruption of the teeth into the maxillary sinus is uncommon, however the identification of such teeth can be important since they have the potential to cause considerable morbidity. The definitive treatment is surgical removal of the teeth. A 7 year-old-boy visited the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University for treatment of dental caries. The abnormal erupting paths of the left and right maxillary canines were found during routine panoramic radiographic investigations. A panoramic radiograph taken at 13 years old revealed that two maxillary canines were located into the sinus. The teeth were extracted by the Caldwell-Luc approach.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2023

Pathological wear across the entire dentition causes problems such as collapsed occlusal plane, reduced vertical dimension, anterior premature contact, inadequate anterior guidance, and tooth migration, thereby induce symptoms such as temporomandibular joint disorder, reduced masticatory efficiency, and tooth hypersensitivity. For the treatment of patients with excessive wear, evaluation of vertical dimension should be preceded along with analysis of the cause. The patient in this case was a 45-year-old female with a history of orthognathic surgery. Through clinical examination, radiographic examination, and model analysis, overall tooth wear, interdental spacing in the anterior maxillary region, retruded condylar position, and insufficient interocclusal space for prosthetic restoration were confirmed. Full mouth rehabilitation with increased vertical dimension was planned, the patient's adaptation to the new vertical dimension was evaluated with a removable occlusal splint and temporary prosthesis, and cross-mounting was performed based on the temporary restoration to fabricate the definitive zirconia prosthesis, maintaining the adjusted vertical dimension. It showed satisfactory functional and esthetic results through stable restoration of the occlusal relationship.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 1995

The conservative treatment of the condylar fracture has been used for a long time because of its simplicity, good prognosis and less complication. Traditionally the conservative treatment has been carried out by maxillomandibular fixation using arch bar and wire. But a simplified technique of maxillomandibular fixation introduced here is a procedure that 4 bone screws are placed above the apecies of the maxillary and mandibular canines and then ipsilaterally placed maxillary and mandibular bone screws are linked by a loop of wire each other. This procedure has several advantages compared with the traditional maxillomandibular fixation method. 1) it provides simplicity for the operators. 2) it sustains maxillomandibular fixation more rigidly compared with arch bar technique. 3) it keeps stable maxillomandibular fixation in the region of the anterior teeth so that anterior open bite tendency can be remarkably minimized. 4) it does not injure the periodontal tissue because the teeth are not engaged and causes less discomfort to the patient. 5) it decreases the possibility of operator's AIDS infection through inadvertent skin puncture. 6) it is highly recommended for the patients whose teeth are available for maxillomandibular fixation. The two male patients were diagnosed as bilateral condylar and symphyseal fracture of the mandible. They restored stable occlusion and functional mandibular movement only by a simplified technique of maxillomandibular fixation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.644-648
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical cases of subcondylar fracture with intraoral approach. Material and Method: Fifteen patients with unilateral subcondylar fracture were treated in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University between 2006 and 2007. Each patients was examined by computed tomography(CT) and panorama. 3D-CT taken when fractured segment was displaced and comminuted. Patients was done intermaxillary fixation to occlusal stability and prevent displacement of fractured segment before general operation. Open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF) accomplished under general anesthesia and used to intraoral approach. We examinated the state of occlusion, maximum opening. Evaluation of the state of occlusion was divided in patient`s subjective evaluation that compare pre-traumatic occlusion with postoperative occlusion, and estimator`s objective evaluation that use articulating paper. Examination was done at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 month postoperative by follow up. Result: The ORIF through intraoral approach was good in all patients. In the state of occlusion, all patients recovered pre-traumatic occlusion in 6 month postoperation. Maximum opening was gradually increased. In 3 month postoperative, maximum opening was excessed 40mm. Conclusion: Our study indicate that the intraoral approach is a good technique for subcondylar fracture. Intraoral approach prevent complication that facial nerve damage, scar formation caused by extraoral approach. So, we recommend intraoral approach when subcondylar fracture.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.283-287
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• 2005

Osteochondroma is one of the most common benign tumors of the axial skeleton, but is rarely found in the facial bones. Osteochondroma shows an irregular radiopaque lesion and chondromatic area surrounded by osteoma. It may appear different findings as calcification levels. When it develops in the long bone, it has a marked tendency in the ages from 10 to 20 years and ceases with the end of pubertal growth. However, when it develops in the condyle, it is prevalent in the third decades (average 39.2 years) and continues to develop. Lesions developed in the long bone have a predilection for men (M:F = 2:1), but for women in the mandible. Osteochondroma is differentiated from chondroma, osteochondromatosis and osteoma. Mandibular condyle osteochondroma presents asymptomatic facial swelling, rarely posterior openbite, pain during mouth opening and internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint disc due to condylar lengthening and condylar hyperplasia. The first choice of treatment of the massive osteochondroma is the surgical removal. We report osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle showing good result to treat the lesion.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.521-528
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• 2010

Purpose: Anatomical reduction of the fractured condylar process is an important prerequisite for re-establishing function. The authors reported about effectiveness of transoral approach for mandibular subcondyle fracture using trochar device in cases that the fracture line is below the reference line, the perpendicular line of the longitudinal axis of condylar process passing the lowest point of sigmoid notch. As a serial study, we report the open reduction via preauricular approach for mandibular condyle fracture, in cases that the fracture line is above the reference line. Patients and Methods: Sixteen condylar fractures of 15 adult patients were divided two groups and treated by open reduction via preauricular approach (8 cases) or by closed reduction (8 cases). The degree of maximal mouth opening, occlusion, anatomical reduction, condylar resorption and complications were assessed and evaluated for the two groups. Results: The open reduction of condyle via preauricular approach leads to good results without permanent complications. Anatomical reduction of open reduction group and maximal mouth opening range of the closed reduction group is significantly better than the other group. No significant differences were found in the condylar resorption and the occlusion. Conclusion: The preauricular approach was useful to reduce and fix the condylar fragment, in cases that the fracture line is above the reference line.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.22 no.4 s.39
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• pp.837-853
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the positional changes of the mandibular condyles after orthognathic surgery In patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. This study was based on 21 patients who had received bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for mandibular setback. Among them 14 were fixated non - rigidly (W group), and 7 were fixated rigidly (R group). After submental vertex view analysis, each subject was given the T.M.J. Tomogram in both centric occlusion and centric relation immediate before, $4\~6$ weeks after and more than 6 months after surgery. The anteroposterior and vertical changes between each time interval were measured and analyzed statistically. Following results were obtained. 1. There was no significant difference between right and left condyles in their anteroposterior and vertical changes of the condylar position. 2. In anteroposterior changes of condylar position of the wire fixation group, the condyles were moved anteriorly 4-6 weeks after surgery, and then the pattern of reestablishment to their preoperative position was observed more than 6 months after surgery. In the rigid fixation group, there was no significant difference in any observation periods of centric occlusion and centric relation. 3. In vertical changes of condylar position of the wire fixation group. the condyles were moved inferiorly 4-6 weeks after surgery, and then the pattern of reestablishment to their preoperative position was observed more than 6 months after surgery. In the rigid fixation group, the condyles were moved inferiorly 4-6 weeks after surgery, and then the pattern of reestablishment to their preoperative position was observed more than 6 months after surgery in centric occlusion only.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.379-390
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and cephalometric characteristics of patients with anterior open bite and mandibular condylar resorption. Total of 45 subjects were recruited from the patients who visited the Department of Oral Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital in 2006 for treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction. After taking patient's history concerning temporomandibular joint dysfunction, clinical examination was performed and panoramic, transcranial, and lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained. The cephalometric data were compared to those of normal Korean population. The results were as follow: 1. Clinical characteristics 1) Female was 4.6 time more prevalent than male, and 82.2% of the subjects were in second and third decade. 2) Angle's Class I occlusal type was 51%, Class II was 29%, and Class III was 20%. 3) The mean value of the overjet and overbite were 3.2mm and -1.1mm, respectively. 4) Most of the patients had parafunctional oral habits. 2. Cephalometric characteristics 1) SNA showed no significant difference between condyle resorption and normal group. However, in female resorption group, SNB was lesser and ANB was greater than those in normal group. 2) SN-GoMe and FMA increased in resorption group. 3) Palatal plane angle did not show significant difference between resorption and normal group. 4) Total posterior facial height was significantly smaller and total anterior facial height showed no significant increase as compared with those of the normal group. 5) Mandibular body length did not show any significant difference between resorption and normal group.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.792-796
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• 2006

Purpose: After exposure of fracture site, the proximal segment must be reduced to their preinjury position for open reduction of fractured mandibular condyle. We examined the use of inter-maxillary fixation screws or titanium screws tied with stainless steel wire to assist in positioning of proximal segment. Since it enables to make a relatively small preauricular incision by not disturbing the operative field like Moule pin, we can reduce the danger of injury to the facial nerve. Methods: A preauricular approach was used for exposure, reduction, and rigid fixation in 4 cases of mandibular condylar fractures. Inter-maxillary fixation screws or titanium screws tied with stainless steel wire were used to assist in aligning proximal segment. The joints were submitted to functional exercises and postoperative radiologic and clinical follow-ups were performed. Results: No facial nerve lesions were found in all 4 cases. Radiologic follow-up showed correct reduction and fixation in all 4 cases. Clinical follow-up showed an initial limitation, but normal morbility of the condyle was achieved within 4 months after the operation, with a maximum mouth opening of $34.1{\pm}5.2mm$ after 12 months. There found no occlusal disturbances, no trismus, no lateral deviations of the mandible. Conclusion: By using Inter-maxillary fixation screws tied with stainless steel wire, it was shown that reducing the proximal segment to their preinjury position is easy to perform and it enables us to make a minimal dissection below preauricular skin incision to avoid facial nerve injury.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.32-45
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• 1995

This study was intended to evaluate condyle position and the relationship of condyle position change and post surgical relapse following the sagittal split ramus osteotomy for mandible setback in 25 patients by paired t-test and multiple regression analysis. We used oblique transcranial and cephalometric radiographs taken before operation, immediate after operation, and at least 6 months post operatively. 1. In oblique transcranial view, posterior joint space was decreased immediate after operation and increased 6 months after operation. To compare the measurement before and 6 months after operation, there was no statistically significant change in over all joint spaces(P>0.05). 2. The joint spaces changed under the 0.2mm were 30%, 0.2mm to 1.0mm were 60.7%, above 1.0mm were 9.3%. This result reveals that condyle position was relatively reproduced to pre-operative state. 3. Statistically, the amount of mandible set back didn't influence the post operative relapse(P>0.05). 4. Statistically, the amount of mandible set back didn't influence the condylar displacement(P>0.05), and the amount of joint space change didn't influence the post operative relapse.(P>0.05) The changes in joint space is in the standard tracing error or within the adaptive capacity of the individual, it was too small to influence the stability of surgery.