• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.45-48
• /
• 2016

거대한 피부편평세포암은 드문 피부 종양이다. 편평세포암은 모든 피부 악성 종양 중 20%을 차지한다. 피부편평세포암은 주로 햇빛의 노출되는 것이 주요 원인으로 알려져 있으며, 때때로 피하층을 침범을 하는 경향이 있다. 편평세포암이 흔한 종양인 것과는 다르게, 5cm 이상의 거대 편평세포암은 보고된 바가 드물다. 이에 저자는 경부에 발생한 $14.5cm{\times}11.5cm{\times}9.5cm$ 크기의 거대한 피부편평세포암을 피부이식술을 통해 성공적으로 치료하여 이에 대해서 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 건강소식
• /
• v.20 no.9 s.214
• /
• pp.12-13
• /
• 1996

각종 공해로 인한 오존층의 파괴와 더불어 피부에 생기는 암에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 피부암은 크게 양성종양과 악성종양으로 나눌수 있는데, 본 글에서는 대표적인 피부악성종양인 기저세포암, 편평세포암, 그리고 악성흑색종에 관하여, 각각의 원인(특히 태양광선과의 관계), 증상. 치료방법 및 예방법 등을 알아보고자 한다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.556-562
• /
• 2009

Skin tumors and mammary gland tumors have been shown to be the most common neoplasia in most of the strains of dogs. The risk for tumor development increases significantly with age and the prevalence and distribution are various according to individual tumors. The aim of this study is to classify histopathologically the skin and mammary gland tumors for recent two years, 2005 and 2006. A total of 128 skin and 240 mammary gland samples of dogs were selected that were submitted to National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service and Kangwon National University from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2006. The excised tissue were fixed in 10 percent neutral buffered formalin and processed routinely to paraffin wax. Sections were cut at $3{\mu}m$, stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The slides were examined based on the morphological criteria of M. H. Goldschmidt and W. Misdorp under a light microscope. The age of the dogs ranged from 1 to 19 years with a median of 8.7 years. The mean age of the skin and mammary gland tumors was 7.4 and 9.3 years. 47 (12.8%) were males and 259 (70.4%) were female with a male to female ratio of 0.18. Yorkshire terrier and maltese were more susceptible breeds, accounting for 44.3% of skin and mammary gland tumors. In skin tumors, epithelial, adnexal, and mesenchymal origin tumors were 18 (14.1%), 53 (41.4%), and 57 cases (44.5%), repectively. Among the epithelial, adenexal, and mesenchymal origin tumors, basal cell tumor (8.6%), sebaceous adenoma (15.6%), and histiocytoma (25.0%) were predominant in the incidence rate, respectively. In case of mammary gland tumors, 201 (83.8%) were benign and 39 (16.3%) were malignant with a benign to malignant ratio of 5.15. The most frequent mammary gland tumor was benign mixed tumor (35.0%) followed by mammary adenoma-complex type (31.7%).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.525-530
• /
• 2000

상품가치가 없는 비상품구로부터 추출한 OWE를 mouse의 피부암 및 위장암 저해 효과에 관한 실험을 한 결과 피부암의 경우 control구에서는 6주부터 종양이 발생하여 23주에는 mouse 당 2.9개의 종양이 발생하였으나 20mg OWE 처리구에서는 8주부터 종양이 발생하여 23주에는 mouse 당 1.3개의 종양이 발생하여 control에 비해 55.2%의 종양 억제효과가 있었다. 20mg quercetin 처리에서는 6주부터 종양이 발생하기 시작하여 23주에는 mouse 당 1.2개의 종양이 발생하였다. 처리별 암 발생율은 20mg OWE 처리에서 85.7%, 20mg quercetin 처리에서는 76.2%의 발생율을 보여 control의 95.2%에 비해 낮은 암발생율을 보였다. 위장암의 경우 control에서는 mouse 당 9.2개의 종양이 발생하였고, 50mg OWE 및 25mg OWE 처리에서는 각 6.1, 6.3개의 종양이 발생하여 control에 비해 각각 33.7%, 31.5%의 종양억제효과가 있었다. 그리고 25mg quercetin 처리에서는 mouse 당 5.3개의 종양이 발생하였다. 처리별 암발생율은 50mg OWE 및 25 mg OWE 처리에서 각 88.2%, 94.1%, 25mg quercetin 처리에서 83.3%의 발생율을 보여 control 100%에 비해 낮은 암발생율을 보였다.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 2014

Purpose : To verify the skin dose in Tomotherapy-based radiation treatment according to the change in tumor locations, skin dose was measured by using Gafchromic EBT3 film and compared with the planned doses to find out the gap between them. Materials and Methods : In this study, to measure the skin dose, I'm RT Phantom(IBA Dosimetry, Germany) was utilized. After obtaining the 2.5mm CT images, tumor locations and skin dose measuring points were set by using Pinnacle(ver 9.2, Philips Medical System, USA). The tumor location was decided to be 5mm and 10mm away from surface of the phantom and center. Considering the attenuation of a Tomo-couch, we ensured a symmetric placement between the ceiling and floor directions of the phantom. The measuring point of skin doses was set to have 3mm and 5mm thickness from the surface. Measurement was done 3 times. By employing TomoHD(TomoHD treatment system, Tomotherapy Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA), we devised Tomotherapy plans, measured 3 times by inserting Gafchromic EBT3 film into the phantom and compared the measurement with the skin dose treatment plans. Results : The skin doses in the upper part of the phantom, when the tumor was located in the center, were found to be 7.53 cGy and 7.25 cGy in 5mm and 3mm respectively. If placed 5mm away from the skin in the ceiling direction, doses were 18.06 cGy and 16.89 cGy; if 10mm away, 20.37 cGy and 18.27 cGy, respectively. The skin doses in the lower part of the phantom, when the tumor was located in the center, recorded 8.82 cGy and 8.29 cGy in 5mm and 3mm, each; if located 5mm away from the lower part skin, 21.69 cGy and 19.78 cGy were respectively recorded; and if 10mm away, 20.48 cGy and 19.57 cGy were recorded. If the tumor was placed in the center, skin doses were found to increase by 3.2~17.1% whereas if the tumor is 5mm away from the ceiling part, the figure decreased to 2.8~9.0%. To the Tomo-couch direction, skin doses showed an average increase of 11% or over, compared to the planned treatment. Conclusion : This study found gaps between planned skin doses and actual doses in the Tomotherapy treatment planning. Especially to the Tomo-cocuh direction, skin doses were found to be larger than the planned doses. Thus, during the treatment of tumors near the Tomo-couch, doses will need to be more accurately calculated and more efforts to verify skin doses will be required as well.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.339-345
• /
• 1996

Purpose : This study was performed for adequate irradiating tumor area when 6 MV linear accerelator photon was used to treat the head and neck tumor. The skin surface dose and maximum build-up region was measured by using a spoiler which was located between skin surface and collimator. Methods : A spoiler was made of tissue equivalent material and the skin surface dose and maximum build-up region was measured varing with field size, thickness of spoiler and interval between skin and collimator. The results of skin surface dose and maximum build-up dose was represented as a build-up ratio and it was compared with dose distribution by using a bolus. Results : The skin surface dose was increased with appling spoiler and decreased by distance of the skin-spoiler separation. The maxium build-up region was 1.5 cm below the skin surface and it was markedly decreased near the skin surface. By using a 1.0-cm thickness spoiler, Dmax moved to 5, 10.2, 12.3 13.9 and 14.8 mm from the skin surface by separation of the spoiler from the skin 0, 5, 10, 15. 20 cm, respectively. Conclusion : The skin surface dose was increased and maximum build-up region was moved to the surface by using a spoiler. Therefore spoiler was useful in treating by high energy photon in the head and neck tumor.

• 대한두경부종양학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1999.12a
• /
• pp.260.1-260.1
• /
• 1999

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.449-454
• /
• 1993

The skin sparing effect associated with high energy x-ray or gamma ray beams may be reduce or lost under certain conditions of treatment. Current trends in using large fields. Shield carrying trays, compensating filters, and isocentric methods of treatment have posed problems of increased skin dose which sometimes become a limiting factor in giving adquate tumor doses. We used the shallow ion chamber to measure the phantom surface dose and the physical treatment variables for Co-60 gamma ray, 4MV and 10 MV x-ray beam. The dependence of percent surface dose on field sizes, atomic number of the shielding tray materials and its distance from the surface for 4, 10MV x-rays and Co-60 gamma ray is qualitatively similar. The use of 2 mm thick tin filter is recommended for situations where a low atomic number tray is introduced into the beam at distances less than 15 cm from the surface and with the large field sized for 4 MV x-ray beam. In case of Co-60 gamma ray, the lead glass tray is suitable for enhancement of skin sparing. Also, the filter distance should be as large as possible to achieve substantial skin sparing.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
• /
• v.33
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to contribute to the reduction of complications of breast cancer radiation therapy by analyzing skin dose differences due to Set-up error. Materials and Method: Pseudo breast was produced using a 3D printer, applied to the phantom, and images were acquired through CT. Treatment plan was carried out that the PTV, which contains 95% of the prescription dose, could be more than 95% of the volume, so that Dmax did not exceed 107% of the prescription dose. The Set-up error was evaluated by applying ±1mm/±3mm/±5mm to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. Results: The dose-variation in skin due to Set-up error was approximately 106% to 123% compared to prescription dose, and the highest dose in skin was 49.24 Gy at 5mm Set-up error in the lateral direction of the X-axis. More than 107% of the prescription dose was the widest at 6.87 cc in skin lateral. Conclusions: If a Set-up error occurs during left breast cancer VMAT, a great difference in skin dose was shown in the lateral direction of the X-axis. If more effort is made to align the X-axis of the breast treated during CBCT registration, the dose-variation of skin will be reduced.

• 대한두경부종양학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1989.11a
• /
• pp.6.1-6.1
• /
• 1989