• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.116-124
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• 2012

Purpose: The study was done to compare effects of two endotracheal tube (ET tube) fixation methods (rotated fixation versus conventional) on unplanned extubation and skin integrity for orally intubated patients in intensive care units. Methods: The research design was a non-equivalent control group with repeated measures design. Participants were 80 patients; 40 participants assigned to each group. ET tube for the experimental participants fixed with rotated method every morning. Unplanned extubation was assessed by bedside nurses using the unplanned extubation report form. Oral mucosa and facial skin integrity were assessed using oral assessment guide and facial skin integrity assessment guide at day 3, 7, 10 and 14. Results: There was no difference in the unplanned extubation rate between the two groups. Oral mucosa impairment scores for the rotated fixation method were significantly lower at day 7 (p=.044), 10 (p=.048) and day 14 (p=.037). Also facial skin integrity impairment scores for the same group were significantly lower at day 7 (p=.010), 10 (p=.003), and 14 (p=.002). Conclusion: Results of the study suggest that the rotated fixation method is effective for these patients, to prevent impairment of oral mucosa and facial skin integrity. Further research is needed to prevent unplanned extubation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

Extracting skin color is significant in adult image detection. However, conventional methods still have essential problems in extracting skin color. That is, colors of human skins are basically not the same because of individual skin difference or difference races. Moreover, skin regions of images may not have identical color due to makeup, different cameras used, etc. Therefore, most of the existing methods use predefined skin color models. To resolve these problems, in this paper, we propose a new adult image detection method that robustly segments skin areas with an input image-adapted skin color distribution model, and verifies if the segmented skin regions contain naked bodies by fusing several representative features through a neural network scheme. Experimental results show that our method outperforms others through various experiments. We expect that the suggested method will be useful in many applications such as face detection and objectionable image filtering.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.313-318
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a difference in the incidence of the black circle border of iris(skin disease) according to the iris constitution. Iris was taken for 100 adults living in Seoul. Iris was photographed using the iris camera DV-2H, a blue focus development product. Statistical significance was tested by correlation analysis, and the occurrence of black circle border of iris was low negative correlation(p<0.01). As mentioned above, we know that the occurrence of black circle border of iris differs according to the iris constitution, and by using it actively, it will help health promotion about skin. There is a need to study the changes of iris in the cause of skin disease by using a blood test to analyze the cause of the skin disease in the future.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.49-59
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• 2009

Purpose: Examination was done of the effects on unplanned extubation, oral mucosa, and facial skin integrity in patients with oral intubation secured with a new method using Multifix Endo II. Methods: A prospective quasai-experimental design was used. Data were collected during a 3-week EICU admission period between Jun. 1 and Nov. 30. Two hundreds seventeen (conventional taping group: 105, Multifix Endo II group: 112) orally intubated adults were enrolled in the study at the EICU of the C University Hospital. Results: The incidence of unplanned extubation (${\chi}^2=11.580$, p=0.03) and scores for the facial skin integrity impairment of the Mutifix Endo II group (t=5.28, p=.000) were significantly lower than those of the conventional taping group even though the scores for oral mucosa impairment were not different. The nurse's evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of the two methods including convenience, comfort, safety, and satisfaction were also higher for the new securement method compared to the conventional taping group. Conclusion: The securement method using Mutifix Endo II was more effective than the conventional method in the prevention of unplanned extubation and maintenance facial skin integrity.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 1974

This study was performed in order to know the histochemical changes of mucosubstances in mucous glands under normal and dry conditions. The frogs, Rana nigromaculata Hallowell, were collected near Seoul area in mid-August. The experimental group was retained under dry conditions for 12, 24, 30 and 36 hrs to make a comparison to normal group. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Mucosubstances in mucous glands of the frog skin contain neutral mucin and sulfated and non-sulfated mucins. Mucosubstances in the cells of the gland neck are neutral mucin, while the gland body is composed of neutral, sulfated and non-sulfated mucins. 2. Mucosubstances in mucous gland of the frog skin decreased distinctively under dry conditions, as is evident from the hitochemical properties, te neutral mucins were influenced more clearly than acid mucins. 3. Histochemical compositions of the mucosubstances in the cell of the mucous gland (the gland neck and the gland body) were not changed. 4. The phenomena were considered as a general adaptation syndrome to keep homeostasis.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2012

Natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) are hydrophilic and water-soluble components in stratum corneum of the skin. NMFs absorb water from outer environment and enhance the water-holding capacity of stratum corneum and thereby, prevent the dryness and increase flexibility and plasticity of skin. NMFs are mainly composed of amino acids and their metabolites that are produced from the degradation of filaggrin. Here we established a simultaneous quantification method for 22 amino acids in tape-stripped stratum corneum samples using UPLC-PDA. With this method, we analyzed amino acid contents from tape-stripped stratum corneum samples of forearm and forehead regions from 15 healthy volunteers. Amino acid contents of inner (or upper) region were higher than outer (or lower) region of stratum corneum. Amino acid contents of stratum corneum of forearm were higher by 1.5 fold than forehead region. Of note, total amino acid contents were significantly and inversely correlated with trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), an index for skin barrier function. Especially, Ser, Glu, Gly, Ala and Thr were determined to positively affect skin mositurizing activities. In conclusion, we could demonstrate that amino acid contents of stratum corneum are closely linked with skin barrier and moisturizing function, providing an important and fundamental methodology for the study of amino acids in skin physiology.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.107-114
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• 1975

This study was performed in order to know the histochemical changes of mucosubstances in granular secretions of the serous gland under normal and dry conditions. The frogs were collected near Jinju and the experimental groups were retained under dry conditions for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours to make a comparison with normal group. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The secreting granules in serous gland of the frog skin contained neutral and weakly acidic mucosubstances. 2. the secreting granules in serous gland of the frog skin were significantly decreased under dry conditions, as is evident from the histochemical properties. The neutral mucosubstances were decreased more than acidic mucosubstances. 3. Histochemical compositions of the mucosubstances of secreting granules in the lumen of the serous gland were not changed according to dry condition.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.715-724
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• 2017

Today all kinds of smart devices are being developed with various researches on wearable devices that support smart computing on the human body. Skin diseases continue to rise including freckles, pimples, atopy, and scalp trouble due to the environmental and genetic factors, and people pay bigger medical bills to treat their skin diseases. There is thus a need to develop a smart-phone or table-based smart healthcare imaging system of high portability and diagnostic accuracy capable of analyzing and managing various skin problems related to skin care. This study proposed an integrated system combining the Smart Mi Band, a wearable device using moisture and UV sensors based on IoT, on the hardware part with the sensor information monitoring software.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2015

Objective : The aim of this study was to provide mechanism information of a link between arousal and sensory modulation to increase understanding of neurophysiological study. Subject : Optimal arousal state of a child is an important issue in sensory integration therapy. Limbic system and reticular formation are related to sensory modulation by sensory input. Sensory inputs processes from reticular formation to cortex via ascending reticular activation system for moderate arousal. A lot of neurotransmitters such as cholinergic neurons and monoamin neurons help this processes. Mechanism of arousal was measured by functions of central nervous system (CNS) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) using objective tools such as an electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrodermal responses. Functions of CNS and ANS showed differences between normal children and children with disabilities. Optimal sensory input using sensory integration therapy for children with disabilities helps to act reticular formation, limbic system, and cortex and to maintain appropriate arousal. Conclusion : Such quantitative studies by using neurophysiological methods provide evidence for sensory integration therapy.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.203-211
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• 1997

본 연구는 기온$15^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ $26^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$,습도$55%{\pm}5%$ 환경조건에서 손가락 끝마디 부분을 얼음물에 침지시킨후 구강온과 4부위 피부온, 손가락끝 피부온, 전신온냉감, 전신쾌적감, 손가락 끝 동통감의 변화를 젊은 남자 피험자와 노인남자 피험자를 대상으로 비교측정하고자 하였다. 본 학회에서는 젊은 남자피험자 그룹에 대하여 보고하고자 한다. 결과는 다 음과 같다. $15^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$에서 4부위 피부온을 보면 가슴과 상완은 손가락끝 침지시 약간 하강하고 다시 상승하지만 대퇴와 하퇴에서는 하강하고 그 상태가 유지된다. 특히 하퇴의 경우는 급격히 하강하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 손가락끝 피부온은 손가락 침지와 동시에 급격한 하강을 나타내나 손가락을 꺼낸후에 손가락 침지전의 온도로 회복되지는 않았다. 평균피부온을 보면 손가락 침지시 하강하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 전신 쾌적감은 약간 불쾌하게 나타났고, 전신온냉감은 서늘하다고나타났고 손가락끝의 동통 감은 매우 아프다고 나타났다. $26^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$에서 4부위 피부온을 보면 가슴 상완대퇴 하퇴 모두 손가락끝 침지시 약간 하강하고 낮은 상태로 유지되는 경향을 보이고 있다. 손가락끝 피부온은 손가락 침지시 급격한 하강을 나타내었고 손가락을 꺼낸후에도 침지의 온도로 회복이 되었다. 평균피부온은 손가락 침지후에 약간 하강하였지만 큰 차이는 없었다. 전신쾌적감은 약간 쾌적하게 나타났고 전신온냉감은 약간 따뜻하다라고 나타났으며 손가락끝의 동통감은 약간 아프다고쪽으로 나타났다.때문에 이를 디자인에 곧바로 적용시키기 어려운 점이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 기존의 바용성 평가를 위한 분석도구들이 갖는 문제 점들 해결하여 제품의 사용자 인터페이스 디자인 개발과정에서 활용할 수 있는 평가 분석도구를 개발하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이를 위해 첫째, 다양한 유형의 정보를 포함하는 비디오 정보를 선정하였따. 둘째, 데이터를 다양한 측면에서 추출할 수 있는 Data logger를 개발하였다. 셋째, 데이터를 시각적으로 정리하고 분석할 수 있는 도구를 제안한다. 마지막으로 인터페이스 디자인에서 여러 가지 디자인안을 도출해 내는 작업에 이용할 수 있는 종합화과정을 개발한다. 이러한 일련의 과정이 통합된 컴퓨터 시스템 안에서 이루어지도록 프로그램을 개발하여 정보의 유용성을 높일 수 있도록 한다.at the entropy index as a measurement of inter-business relatedness is not significant but technological relatedness index is significant. OLS estimates on pooled data were considerably different from FEM or REM estimates on panel data. By introducing interaction effect among the three variables for business portfolio properties, we obtained three findings. First, only VI (Vertical integration) has a significant positive correlation with ROS. Second, when using TFP growth as an depende