• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

This study is intended to examine the effect of the evacuation guidance that used phosphorescent material for stairs in the event of smoke and failure of both the power to the lighting and illuminated sign. To achieve the purpose, the test stairs was established and 35 students(1st 20, 2nd 15) were examined the visibility, the convenience and the comfort of going up and down of stairs. The results of this study are as follows; The evacuation from stairs showed that the stair nosing and landing used phosphorescent material for was very effective in dark conditions(0 lux) because of the high visibility of stair nosing and the convenience and the comfort of going up and down of stairs. The phosphorescent material located on the stair nosing and stair landing will aid in evacuation from stairs in the event of failure of both the power to the lightings and illuminated sign.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2010

Recently, evacuation safety of building resident become the major concern, as the building has been higher and more complicated. Many high-rise multi use buildings are under construction in Korea. Required evacuation time using stairway is longer in high-rise buildings, moreover it is impossible for the disabled to evacuate by using stairway. For this reason the study on the effectiveness of using elevator for evacuation is progressing. This study shows the pressure change in various types of hoistway when elevator is moving. Experiments were performed in 4 different types of hoistway, and showed big difference in pressure change between the type of hoistway. The pressure change in single hoistway that have one car is bigger than that in multi hoistway that have multi cars. The results of this study can be used for the study of elevator piston effect as basic data.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.201-213
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• 2010

Recently, plans of tunnel and construction have increased. Unfortunately, the more we have tunnels, the more we have accidents in there. Because an accident or a fire in the tunnel is fatal to user safety, social concerns are focusing on the disaster prevention facilities. Cross passage tunnel is regarded as one of the useful disaster prevention facilities, which is increasing, while there were only few studies about the support system. This study tried to verify whether the support system is appropriate or not with empirical methods-theoretical methods and back analysis using measurement data. Additionally, we also looked into the range of reinforcement in accordance with strength/stress ratio of rock mass.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2012

Recently, evacuation safety of building resident become the major concern, as the building has been higher and more complicated. Required evacuation time using stairway is longer in high-rise buildings, moreover it is impossible for the disabled to evacuate by using stairway. For this reason the study on the effectiveness of using elevator for evacuation is progressing. This study shows the flow coefficient of hoistway when elevator is moving. The results of this study can be used for the study of elevator piston effect as basic data. Experiments were performed in 5 different hoistways at 3-story and 2-story buildings. According to the result of flow coefficient experiments, average flow coefficient is 0.954. Considering the $4{\sigma}$ to guarantee 99.99 % reliance, it is 0.86. This result is 3.6 % bigger than 0.83 that Klote and Tamura suggested. It represents that the maximum critical pressure is decreased about 7 % on the same condition of elevator and elevator shaft. When the smoke control performance of high-rise building is evaluated, the result is significant economically by applying a more realistic and less value of elevator piston effect.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2019

Most of the sign systems involved in evacuation are not useful in seismic situations where people have to evacuate with their heads bowed, given that they are at the top of the wall. Based on the analysis and understanding of seismic evacuation situations, this study proposes a sign system as a measure for rapid seismic evacuation. First, understand the seismic situation based on the video analysis of the earthquake evacuation situation. Second, the need for a sign system to help secure evacuation in earthquake situations was derived. Third, the on-site survey examined the suitability of the Sine system installed in Korea as an escape facility for the earthquake evacuation situation. Based on the video analysis and on-site survey, it was concluded that the installation of escape guidance lamps alone could not induce rapid evacuation in the earthquake situation. In this study, a sign system is proposed to help the use of doors by installing a sign system near an emergency exit light.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.782-790
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• 2016

When a fire occurs on a ship that has mechanical ventilation facilities, the air supply and exhaust systems directly effect smoke diffusion. And there is a high possibility that occupant's visibility will be harmed because of smoke. In this study, the effects and risks of air supply and exhaust systems with regard to smoke diffusion given a shipboard fire analyzed with a Fire Dynamic Simulator(FDS). Suggested measures are also provided for using air supply and exhaust systems more efficiently. The results showed that, when air supply and exhaust systems were both working at the time of a fire, rather than stopping these systems as previously encouraged, continuing to operate both was an effective measure to gain evacuation time. When a fire occurred and the exhaust system was operating, also starting the air supply system near the origin of the fire was another effective approach to gain evacuation time. However, when only the air supply system was operating and a fire occurred, the air supply system accelerated smoke diffusion, so it was necessary to stop the air supply system to detect smoke diffusion as much as possible.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.124-133
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• 2023

Currently, Korea shares culture, economy, and society together as a member of the international community along with rapid economic growth. In particular, in the 2000s, the construction of local cultural performance halls has been promoted through efforts and methods for the development of local culture. As a result, many local governments built medium-sized or larger performance halls, and achieved both quantitative and qualitative effects by satisfying citizens and attracting visitors. However, this study aims to analyze the safety of the space used by many visitors at the same time and whether an effective evacuation plan is applied to frequent disasters and disaster situations in recent years.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.47-52
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• 2017

The recent tragic outbreak of fire at the Grenfell Tower in the United Kingdom compels all branches of government to reexamine and reassess the safety measures against fires in high-rise buildings from a broad perspective. Accordingly, this study examined what problems stem from the current evacuation codes by comparative analysis of the high-rise apartment evacuation codes that range over various individual laws before introducing a new evacuation code. The outcome of this study can be utilized as basic data for amending the existing evacuation codes for high-rise buildings. The codes related to high-rise building evacuation include the Building Act, the Housing Act, the Skyscraper Disaster Management Act, and the Fire-Fighting System Act. Some local governments have also drawn up their own codes and put them into practice. Comparative analysis of the major evacuation codes has helped identify a variety of problems, such as different codes being applied to each individual law and ordinance, the use of additional codes other than the provisions of laws and ordinances, and the in effectiveness of evacuation codes. Most of these problems occur when diverse codes are applied to a single building, which means that cooperation among the relevant ministries is urgently needed to improve the related codes in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.54-75
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• 1995

This synthesis has been prepared from a review of literature on Truck Escape Ramps technology and a survey of current practice by state department of transportation. Their locations have been determined usually from a combination of accident experience and en-gineering judgement, but new tools are emerging that can identify needs and sites without waiting for catastrophic accidents to happen. The Grade Severity Rating Systems holds promise in this regard. Design Procedures for truck excape ramps continue to evolve. Gravel arrester beds are clearly the preferred choice across the country Rounded aggregate, uniformly graded in the approximate size range of 13 to 18mm. Tech-nical publications typically have dassified TER types as paved gravity, sandpile, and ar-rester bed ramps. The design speed for vehicle entry into the ramp in critical to the deter-mination of ramp length. An escape ramp should be designed for a minimum entry speed of 130km/hr, a 145km/hr design being preferred. The ramps should be straight and their angle to the roadway align-ment should be as possible. The grade of truck escape ramps show the adjustment of ramp design to local topography, such as the tradeoff of ramp length against earthwork requirements. A width of 9 to 12m would more safety acommodate two or more outof con-trol vehicles. Reguarding comments on the most effective material, most respondents cited their own specification or referred to single graded, rounded pea gravel. The consensus essentially Is that single graded, well -rounded gravel is the most desirable material for use in arrester beds. The arrester beds should be constructed with a minimum aggregate depth of 30cm. Successful ramps have used depths between 30 and 90cm.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.80-81
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• 2013

최근 제정 시행되고 있는 지하연계 복합건축물에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 화재위험성이 높은 지하 공간의 경우, 아직까지 관련 규정의 근거가 미약하여 현실적인 피난안전 설계에 어려움을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 피난 계획을 위한 로우 데이터를 확보하고자 현재 사용 중인 선큰을 대상으로 실제 유동인구를 측정하여 재실자 밀도를 분석하였다. 선큰으로 연결되는 출입구들의 유동인구와 함께 유동계수를 측정하였으며 선큰내의 재실자 밀도 산정을 통하여 선큰의 대피기능을 위한 연구 진행의 토대를 마련하였다.