• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.369-372
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• 2012

최근 대형고층건축물의 수적증가로 인해 화재 발생 시 재실자의 피난안전 확보가 매우 중요하게 되었다. 특히 지속적인 증가를 보이고 있는 고령자는 화재발생시 피난 및 대응이 부족해 많은 피해가 예상되기에 고층건축물의 피난계획 및 설계 시부터 재해약자인 고령자의 피난안전성 확보가 우선시 되어야한다. 이를 위해서는 고령자의 피난행동특성에 대한 연구 및 실험을 통한 기초적인 피난Data구축이 선행 되어야하기에 본 연구는 고령자를 대상으로 초고층건물의 상향과 하양의 이동피난실험을 진행했으면 노인들의 체력수준, 공간인지 수준, 화재발생시 피난 선호 방식 등에 대한 의견을 수렴하고자 피난실험 전과 후로 구분하여 설문을 실시 분석하였다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2018

The most urgent requirement in the event of disaster and fire in a skyscraper is to establish a system that enables people inside to evacuate safely. Hence, a practical direction needs to give evacuees confidence in the evacuation by reducing the psychological anxiety caused by the relatively large number of people inside and at the same time, the physically prolonged evacuation travel line. Evacuation tests with large numbers of people were conducted three times to solve these challenges and identify phenomena and issues that occurred during the experiment. The results revealed the factors that could cause a delay in evacuation and suggested improvements. The study results of this paper are as follows. First, a recent fire at a multipurpose high-rise resulted in a number of casualties due to a lack of experience with the disaster prevention system. To prevent such cases from occurring in advance, adaptability was achieved by conducting evacuation tests. Second, the data collected in the evacuation simulation statistics and the actual escape drills were compared and analyzed. Third, in the evacuation experiment, a large number of people could not participate in the experiment. The reasons for not participating were analyzed and their impact on the actual evacuation time was confirmed. Fourth, equipment aids were purchased to establish the optimal response measure to the causes of a delay in escape time and the standards for ensuring the safety of the evacuee were specified by developing improvements to minimize the evacuation delay time through comparative before and after analysis of the experiment. These results can be used for fire safety control of skyscrapers to improve the efficiency of evacuation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.332-338
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• 2013

Recently in Korea, in order to ensure evacuation safety within buildings, reviewing and evacuation assessment using computer simulations has been performed from the planning and design stages. Since the results from the assessment mainly depends on the initial values of input elements, it is important to establish element specific data. Nevertheless evacuation related experiments and research are still insufficient to apply overseas standards to domestic conditions. This study intended to conduct a experiment on evacuation movement speed by age as part of element-specific data construction for domestic occupant movement speed. After analyzing domestic and overseas studies on evacuation movement speed, we conducted the experiment of evacuation movement speed for 134 people. Then, by carrying out a comparative analysis of the results of the movement speed obtained from the experiment with overseas movement speeds, we followed the validation procedures of the experimental results under domestic evacuation conditions. The data derived from the experiment is expected to serve as a basis for the movement speed of domestic evacuation safety assessment.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.35-40
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• 2014

Bottleneck occurs as many people crowd into narrow doorway or corridor. Delaying egress time is occurred by bottleneck effect, and it is very important phenomenon on the egress analysis for building fire. An analysis of egress time should includes flow rate for considering bottleneck. Flow rate is numbers of people who pass the narrow gate as door or start point of corridor per unit length and unit time. The flow rate resulted from egress modeling should be approached to the result of experiments. In this study, flow rates from modeling by 'Pathfinder' and experiments was compared. The difference between the result from egress modeling and the one from experiments was verified. The average value of experiments is $4.25N/m{\cdot}s$, and the maximum average value of modeling is $1.55N/m{\cdot}s$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.267-272
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• 2010

전 세계적으로 수많은 고층 건축물이 건설되고 있다. 건축물의 높이가 높아질수록 비상시 필요로 하는 유효 피난길이와 총 피난시간은 점점 길어진다. 일반적으로 건축물에서의 피난은 지상층의 안전한 공간으로 대피하는 것을 의미하는데 고층 또는 초고층 건축물의 대규모 수직적 공간에서는 하향식 피난뿐만 아니라 상향식 피난도 고려되어야 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 고층 아파트 1개소를 선정하여 수직적 이동방향에 따른 실물 피난실험을 실시하여 피난특성을 관찰하였다. 본 실험에서 피난자 개개인의 특성을 파악하기 위해 피난자들이 지상층에 도착하자마자 설문조사를 실시하여 피난행동간 개인 고유의 행동데이터를 수집하였고 이를 PASW 18을 활용하여 통계적 해석을 실시하였다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.241-248
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• 2004

In order to reduce flood damage, it is necessary to build up comprehensive flood control, including structural and non-structural countermeasures. In this paper, the decision making factors of individual refuge activities which are major non-structural activities to save peoples, lives against flood have been estimated based on questionnaire survey. Furthermore, in order to effective flood countermeasures, the refuge place and its distance are analyzed by questionnaire survey in the flooded area caused by typhoon RUSA and MEAMI. The refuge running time was assessed by its simulation. As a result of the simulation, it was found that the refuge running time is effected by refuge distance and the family numbers for refuge.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.67-68
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• 2015

선상에서의 승객들의 보행속도, 운항 중 피난특성, 피난시 연기농도가 미치는 영향 등 선박에서의 피난상황을 해석하는 데 필요한 몇몇 연구가 수행된 바 있다. 그러나 정전 조건에서 승선자의 피난성능에 관한 연구는 미비하여, 이론적 혹은 실험적 연구가 수행된 사례를 찾아보기 어려운 상황이다. 이에 이 연구에서는 선박에서의 인적안전피난해석 프로그램인 Maritime EXODUS를 활용하여 승선자의 분포특성을 고려한 세 가지 시나리오에 대한 피난시간을 예측 비교하였다. 이 연구에서는 선행된 운항훈련선의 선내 정전조건보행실험에서 취득한 피실험자 보행속도 결과를 반영하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.12-13
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• 2013

국가화재안전기준(NSFC 301)에서 규정하고 있는 소방대상물별 피난기구를 선정하여 사용자 특성을 고려한 상황을 가상하여 행동실험을 통해 피난기구별 그 효용성을 비교 분석하였다. 단순한 체험실험을 통해서 얻어진 결과는 노인요양시설이나 유아교육시설과 같은 피난 시 협조자의 도움이 필요한 시설에서의 피난기구 선정은 현 기준에서 제시한 다수의 피난기구가 그 적응성이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.120-126
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• 2011

Recently luminous egress guide-lines are introduced for the fire safety of residents in the multi-use buildings such as Gosiwon. Little literature, however, on the quantitative and qualitative estimation for the egress performance of the luminous egress guide-lines can be found. This study carried out experimental investigations to evaluate the egress performance of the existing egress guide-lights and new luminous egress guide-lines. The results showed that both luminous egress guide-lines and egress guide-light satisfied the basic performance of KFI requirements. Under the 7 % smoke transmittance, however, luminous egress guide-lines showed 3 times longer visibility and less evacuation time than egress guide-lights. The evacuation density and smoke transmittance have significant effect on the evacuation time increase without the luminous egress guide-lines, however little effect with the installation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2374-2381
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• 2012

The aims of this study are to verify the effecting factors in evacuation behavior under the corridor and stair width variation in evacuation experiments at university education facilities. To achieve these purposes, the present conditions of university education facilities were analyzed, and the evacuation experiment settings were established under different width of corridor and stairs. After the experiments, we asked the effecting variables to the evacuation behaviors under the variation of corridor, stair width and density of evacuee. The results of this study are as follows ; First, we found 3 main factors which affecting the evacuation behaviors ; environmental factors on building conditions, psychological factors on evacuee's characteristics and personal factors on evacuee's physical conditions. Second, the environmental factors such as the location of stairs for evacuation, recognition of wayfinding in fire condition are mainly affects the evacuation behaviors, but evacuee behaviors have little relations with fire extinguishing facilities and personality.