• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2006

Although various methods for effective modeling of pre-reinforced zones have been suggested for numerical analysis of large section tunnels, tunnel designers refer to empirical cases and literature reviews rather than engineering methods because ones who use commercial programs are unfamiliar with a macro-scale approach in general. Therefore, this paper suggests a simple micro-scale approach combined with the macro-scale approach to determine equivalent design parameters for effective numerical modeling of pre-reinforced zones in tunnel. This new approach is to determine the equivalent stiffness of pre-reinforced zones with combination of ground, bulb, and steel in series or/and parallel. For verification, 3-D numerical results from the suggested approach are compared with those of a realistic model. The comparison suggests that two cases make best approximation to a realistic solution: One is related to the series-parallel stiffness system (hereafter SPSS) in which bulb and steel are coupled in parallel and then connected to the ground in series, and the other is the series stiffness system (hereafter SSS) in which only bulb and steel are coupled in series. The SPSS is recommended for stiffness calculation of pre-reinforced zones because the SSS is inconvenient and time-consuming. The SPSS provides slightly bigger vertical displacement at tunnel crown in weathered rock than other cases and give almost identical results to a realistic model for horizontal displacement at tunnel spring line and ground surface settlement. Displacement trends on weathered rock and weathered soil are similar. The SPSS which is suggested in this paper represents the behavior mechanism of pre-reinforced area effectively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.506-514
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to look into whether there is a possibility to develop the image of the local community in conjunction with green tourism, thus to explore the concrete ways to vitalize local community with diversified green tourism programs. In the pursuit of relating the research of community image-building with comprehensive local characteristics, this study selected the case of Jung Bang I village near Daejeon and analyzed the case through both written materials and on-site investigation. As a result of analysis, first, it was found that community image-building contributed positive effects in terms of the commercialization of the local community and its revitalization. Second, it was observed that community image-building led to form a "green route" that played a role as a passage to link townspeople to the country. It was also verified that those country villages that succeeded in image-building provided the places where people could experience the country and arts, which showed the potential of their roles as educational opportunities. In conclusion, this study will be able to suggest the direction to where the green tourism and image-building projects of the small communities near towns should go, and also provide a substantial guideline to related people regarding how to operate and maintain the local community.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.37-46
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• 2013

Similarity measure of catchments is essential for regionalization studies, which provide in depth analysis in hydrological response and flood estimations at ungauged catchments. However, this similarity measure is often biased to the selected catchments and is not clearly explained in hydrological sense. This study applied a type of hydrological similarity distance measure-Flood Estimation Handbook to 25 Geum River catchments, Korea. Three Catchment Characteristics, Area(A)-Annual precipitation(SAAR)-SCS Curve Number(CN), are used in Euclidian distance measures. Furthermore, six index of Flow Duration Curve are applied to clustering analysis of SPSS. The catchments' grouping of hydrological similarity measures suggests three groups (H1, H2 and H3) and the four catchments are not grouped in this study. The clustering analysis of FDC provides four Groups; F1, F2, F3 and F4. The six catchments (out of seven) of H1 are grouped in F1, while Sangyeogyo is grouped in F2. The four catchments (out of six) of H2 are also grouped in F2, while Cheongju and Guryong are grouped in F1. The catchments of H3 are categorized in F1. The authors examine the results (H1, H2 and H3) of similarity measure based on catchment physical descriptors with results (F1 and F2) of clustering based on catchment hydrological response. The results of hydrological similarity measures are supported by clustering analysis of FDC. This study shows a potential of hydrological catchment similarity measures in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.101-135
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine what influence the satisfaction of the services rendered by libraries has over the satisfaction of life, which is consisted of income employment, education, cultural leisure, family community, citizenry participation, safety environment, and subjective satisfaction. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the users of public libraries, and the extent of the measurement tools' regular distribution (skewness and kurtosis), validity and reliability were validated. First, it turned out that the satisfaction of library service has a significant influence over the satisfaction of life for income and employment. Second, the satisfaction of library service turned out to have a significant influence on the educational part of the satisfaction of life partially. Third, the overall satisfaction of library turned out to have influence over the satisfaction of culture, leisure, and health among the satisfaction of life. Fourth, it turned out that the greater the satisfaction of the library's program services and comprehensive parts, the higher the family and community satisfaction will be. Fifth, the citizenry participation increased as the library's program services and comprehensive parts increased. Sixth, as the satisfaction of library services increased, the satisfaction of safety and environment also increased. Finally, the subjective satisfaction increased as the library's space and place services and the library's overall satisfaction increased. Such research results suggest that various support for libraries could improve the quality of life and satisfaction of the people.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2012

In this study, diagonal ventilation circuits that are advantageous in air flow direction control were studied. Based on the results of the study, it could be seen that air volumes in diagonal ventilation circuits could also be calculated using numerical formulas or programs if the air volumes and air flow directions to be infused into diagonal branches are determined in advance as with other serial/parallel circuits. To apply the results, design plans for high level radioactive waste repositories applied with diagonal ventilation circuits and parallel ventilation circuits. To compared the each design plans and obtain expected operation results, ventilation network simulations were conducted through the Ventsim program which is a ventilation networking program. Based on the results, in the case of diagonal repositories that was expected to cause great increases in resistance, fan pressure was 1570 pa, total flux was 84 $m^3/s$, fan efficiency was 76.4%, fan power consumption was 181.2 kW and annual fan operating costs were 178,710,838 and thus maximum around 8% differences were shown in pressure and flux values and a difference of around 1.5% was shown in terms of operating costs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.669-678
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• 2018

This study developed information technology infrastructures for building a driving environment analysis platform using various big data, such as vehicle sensing data, public data, etc. First, a small platform server with a parallel structure for big data distribution processing was developed with H/W technology. Next, programs for big data collection/storage, processing/analysis, and information visualization were developed with S/W technology. The collection S/W was developed as a collection interface using Kafka, Flume, and Sqoop. The storage S/W was developed to be divided into a Hadoop distributed file system and Cassandra DB according to the utilization of data. Processing S/W was developed for spatial unit matching and time interval interpolation/aggregation of the collected data by applying the grid index method. An analysis S/W was developed as an analytical tool based on the Zeppelin notebook for the application and evaluation of a development algorithm. Finally, Information Visualization S/W was developed as a Web GIS engine program for providing various driving environment information and visualization. As a result of the performance evaluation, the number of executors, the optimal memory capacity, and number of cores for the development server were derived, and the computation performance was superior to that of the other cloud computing.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.217-245
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• 2019

Recently, the interest among Korean broadcasters in the 'observation entertainment' genre has intensified. This study aims to analyze the genre and storytelling of observation entertainment programming from a narratological perspective. The origin of the Korean observation entertainment program began with the 'reality-variety show'. There was a 'real-life' debate in these reality-variety shows, and as an alternative, the observation entertainment program appeared. Documentary filming, omnibus composition, and spatialization of 'everyday' life have led to the recognition of observation entertainment as a single genre. In particular, 'observers' have become a key factor in the observation entertainment program. The subject of the program is determined by who the observer is. The variability of the program format is the same. The observer looks at the observation target on behalf of the viewer. At the same time, he or she serves as a narrator of the program. The observer functions as the most influential factor in the storytelling of the observation entertainment program. In the observation entertainment program, 'observation' is only a form. It is the observer who creates a narrative within this same format to make the difference between each program. Also, voyeurism has been considered a problem in reality shows such as observation entertainment programs. However, the form communicated by observers is not a direct peek, so much of the problem of voyeurism is mitigated. Such observation entertainment programs analyzed through observers are meaningful in that they make people understand the cultural meaning of "reality" in TV and the storytelling of contemporary Korean TV entertainment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2020

The 88 Olympic Park is a monumental urban park in Seoul, developed to commemorate South Korea's hosting of the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games. Initially conceived to emphasize the event slogan, 'Cultural Olympics,' which was driven by the Korean government, the park, already designed and constructed by 1986, was reconfigured into a sculpture park following two international outdoor sculpture Olympiads and an invitational sculpture exhibition. This study takes a look at the process of redesigning the park into sculpture park and the socio-political discussions surrounding such a process, in order to reconsider the significance of the 88 Seoul Olympic Park with regards to Korean landscape architectural history. Several discussions within Korean society arose during the redesign process. First, there were critiques on the artwork selection during the early phase of the project. Second, issues regarding the conservation of the national heritage site, Mongchon-tosung, located within the park, gave rise to a larger discourse on heritage preservation in Seoul. Third, discussions regarding the formation of the park identity, or lack thereof, prevalent. Through this study, the 88 Seoul Olympic Park presents itself as an example where large park construction in Seoul caused discussions regarding globalization, nationalism, publicness and art to be brought forth. This paper concludes that the 88 Seoul Olympic Park is a cultural landscape that requires further examination and exploration as it provides rich historical context for understanding the history of cultural and artistic practices in Korean urban landscapes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.291-299
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to review the government's policy on the enhancement of sports facilities for community residents regarding the lack of knowledge surrounding the infrastructure of sports facilities. The government has invested approximately 2.4 trillion won to establish 220 community sports centers, 385 billion won for 194 multi-purpose indoor centers, and 1.3 trillion won for rebuilding 1,870 school outdoor fields. On the other hand, there are problems with the link between the crumb rubber infill on sports fields and cancer, a lack of availability of indoor sports centers, and an increased federal budget deficit. It is the responsibility of government to plan and construct outdoor fields that are large enough to accommodate all people and allow them to play activities. In addition, the guidelines should ensure that the indoor space required for physical activities at each teaching station is large enough to accommodate all students in the class and handle two classes. The government should suggest the federal government guidelines based on a good understanding of the concept of infrastructure in sports facilities. The government also should make efforts to reduce the regulatory powers and provide the community with an autonomous right to plan and construct sports facilities.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2015

Purpose: The new-type rangefinder, which is using the biprism principle, is introduced to develop the range finder which can be easily carried by soldiers, and in order to realize those technologies specifically, we try to develop a scope for military rangefinder by doing optical design which can secure enough space to move the biprism. Methods: After setting up the verious initial condition to realize two kinds of goals, that are the securement of enough space to move the biprism and the easy-exchangeability of two kinds of biprisms, and then the optical system was optimized by using optical design program CodeV in order to minimize the finite ray aberrations. Results: We designed the biprism housing to makes it possible to swap the two kinds of biprisms. It was appeared that the Schmidt prism is suitable as erecting prism which can make sure the space to move the biprism. 16.5 mm was good for the face length of Schmidt prism. The optical system with a Schmidt prism and a biprism was designed, and the finite ray aberrations was minimized. Conclusions: We developed a 5X scope for an optical rangefinder using a biprism and a Schmidt prism with 16.5 mm face length. This scope is valid for the optical system which has the effective field angle of ${\pm}3.6^{\circ}$, and the finite ray aberrations are well controlled within the ${\pm}8.95^{\prime}$.