• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.98-107
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• 2004

Proper finishing/polishing of dental restorations are critical clinical procedures that enhance both esthetics and longevity of restored teeth. This study was to compare the effects of immediate and delayed finishing/polishing procedures on the surface roughness and surface hardness of tooth-colored restoratives including two microfilled composite resins, such as Filtek A110 and Silux Plus, two hybrid composite resins, such as Revolution formular2 and Palfique Estelite. A total of 48 specimens were made for each material. The first 16 specimens served as the control group and the remaining 32 specimens were randomly divided into two equal groups. The control group was stored in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 1 week after light polymerization against the Mylar sheet. The first experimental group was finished/polished immediately after light polymerization and stored for 1 week in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$, whereas the while the second group was finished/polished 1 week after light polymerization and stored in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$. The results were as follows: 1. The smoothest surface was produced by Mylar sheet and finishing/polishing procedure increased the surface roughness. However, the surface roughness of composite resins were not influenced by the finishing/polishing timing. 2. There were significant differences about surface roughness between Revolution formular 2 and Silux Plus, regarding immediate finishing/polishing, and between Palfique Estelite and Silux Plus regarding delayed finishing/polishing(p<0.05). 3. The sequence of the surface hardness was ascending order by Revolution formular 2, Silux Plus, Filtek A110 and Palfique Estelite. However there were no significant differences about hardness among the control group and two finishing/polishing timing groups. 4. The effects of finishing/polishing time on surface roughness and hardness appeared to be material-dependent.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2008

Statement of problem: Proper finishing and polishing enhance both the esthetics and the longevity of restored teeth. Blade finishing technique would be suited for smoothing and finishing. Evaluation of this technique are necessary. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blade finishing and polishing procedures on the surface profile and roughness of ormocer-based composite resin and nanohybrid composite resin. Material and methods: The material included a ormocer-based composite resin ($Admira^{(R)}$ & $Admira^{(R)}$ Flow); a nanohybrid composite resin ($Grandio^{(R)}$ & $Grandio^{(R)}$ Flow). One hundred forty specimens of each group were prepared using a mylar strip and randomly divied into blade finishing and rubber polishing groups (n=10). The average surface roughness (Ra) in micrometers was measured and the surface profile was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Magnification ${\times}$ 200). The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney Test at 0.05 significance level. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the mylar strip produced the smoothest surface on all materials and among the finishing-polishing methods was not significanct difference (P>0.05). Ormocer-based flowable composite resin performedthe lowest variability in initial surface roughness among the tested materials.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.134-137
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• 1985

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1991.04a
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• pp.113-120
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• 1991

근년, 정밀가공기술의 진보에 따라 AI 합금이나 동등의 연질금속을 이용한 고출력 Laser용 Mirror, 전자계산용 자기Disc기반, Laser Printer용 PloygonMirror등의 Opto-electronics 부품이 경면(Mirror Surface)절삭가공에 의해서, 또 LSI용 Silicon Wafer의 가공은 연마가공에 의해서 nmRmax의 표면조도로 마무리 가공되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고출력 Laser용 Mirror, 자기Disc기반, Silicon Wafer와 같은 경면(표면 조도 submicron이하)에 존재하는 미소표면결함을 정량적이며, 고속측정이 가능한 방법인 새로운 측정법을 제안하고, 이 시스템을 생산라인에서 가공과 동시에 검사하는 In-process측정이 가능한 특정 시스템의 개발을 최종목표로 하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.55-60
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• 2008

Until a recent date, the surface finish generated in turning by the conventional cutting tool is directly related to the feed rate and the size of the tool nose radius. With this tool a large feed rate will give poorer surface finish and a large nose radius will generate a better surface finish. Recently a new concept in the tool design is introduced to achieve a better surface finish at a higher feed rate. This is the wiper tool, which has the portion of nose with infinite radius. This can remove the ridges left when the conventional tool is used. In this study two series of cutting tests with the wiper tool and the conventional tool are carried out under the various cutting conditions of cutting depth, feed rate and cutting speed. The effects of the wiper design and the cutting conditions on the surface roughness resulted are carefully examined and compared.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.5 s.64
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• pp.791-800
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• 1997

Sixty premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment were divided into four groups, and the residual resin was removed with four different rotary finishing instruments at a fixed speed of $18,500{\pm}300 rpm$ on the low speed handpiece. The instruments were G1; No.169L carbide fissure bur, G2: No.2 round bur, G3; No.4 round bur, G4: No.8 round bur. Then, the enamel received a S-second polishing with a rubber cup and a pumice. To find the extent of loss on the enamel at this point, prophylaxis was done with the rubber cup and pumice prior to bonding of the bracket(P1) and removal of residual resin by means of appropriate procedure applicable to each respective group(P2) followed. The final polishing was done with the rubber cup and pumice(P3), and the enamel surface roughness was measured each by the surface measuring instrument. The whole process was observed under a scanning electron microscope to gain the following results: At P2, the enamel surface roughness in G1 showed most smoothly with $2.60{\pm}0.55{\mu}m;\;in\;G2,\;3.24{\pm}0.80{\mu}m;\;in\;G3,\;3.44{\pm}0.94{\mu}m;\;in\;G4,\;3.89{\pm}0.54{\mu}m$, the roughest. G2 and G3 showed no statistical significance(P>0.05). At P3, the enamel surface roughness in G1 showed most smoothly with $2.29{\pm}0.47{\mu}m;\;in\;G2,\;2.44{\pm}0.56{\mu}m;\;in\;G3,\;2.44{\pm}0.56{\mu}m;\;in\;G4,\;2.92{\pm}0.43{\mu}m$, the roughest. G1 vs G2, G3, and G2 vs G3 had no statistical significances(p>0.05). In all groups, P2 and P3 showed rougher in surface roughness than P1, and P2 rougher than P3(p<0.01). In a case of 5-second prophylaxis with the rubber cup and the pumice on a virgin, normal enamel, fine scratches were found under the scanning electron microscope. In all four groups, unremovable gouges remained even after polishing with the ubber and pumice; residual resin was not observed with naked eye when finished with the rubber and pumice, but the resin debris was observed under the scanning electron microscope.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.180-190
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the abrasion resistance of surface penetrating sealant which was applied on a composite resin restoration and to provide proper time to reapply sealant on composite resin surface. Two hundred rectangular specimens, sized $8\times3\times2mm$, were made of Micronew (Bisco, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, U.S.A) and divided into two groups; F group (n = 10) was finished with coarse and medium grit of Sof-Lex discs and BisCoverwas applied B group (n = 190) after finishing with discs. B group was again subdivided into nineteen subgroups From B-1 group to B-18 group were subjected to toothbrush abrasion test using a distilled water-dentifrice slurry and toothbrush heads B-IM group was not subjected to toothbrush abrasion test. Average surface roughness (Ra) of each group was calculated using a surface roughness tester (Surfcorder MSE-1700: Kosaka Laboratory Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) . A representative specimen of each group was examined by FE-SEM (S-4700: Hitachi High Technologies Co., Tokyo, Japan). The data were analysed using cluster analysis, paired t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Ra off group was $0.898{\pm}0.145{\mu}m$ and B-IM group was $0.289{\pm}0.142{\mu}m$. Ra became higher from B-1 group $(0.299{\pm}0.48{\mu}m$ to B-18 group $(0.642{\pm}0.313{\mu}m$. 2. Final cluster center of Ra was $0.361{\mu}m$ in cluster 1 $(B-IM\simB-7)$, $0.511{\mu}m$ in cluster 2 $(B-8\simB-14)$ and $0.624{\mu}m$ in cluster 3 ($(B-15\simB-18)$. There were significant difference among Ra of three clusters. 3 Ra of B-IM group was decreased 210.72% than Ra of F group. Ra of B-8 group and B-15 group was increased 35.49% and 51.35% respectively than Ra of B-IM group. 4. On FE-SEM, B-IM group showed the smoothest resin surface. B-8 group and B-15 group showed vertically shallow scratches , and wide and irregular vertical scratches on composite resin surface respectively. Within a limitation of this study, finished resin surface will be again smooth and glazy if BisCover would be reapplied within 8 to 14 months after applying to resin surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.79-85
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• 2002

도금이란 금속이나 비금속의 표면을 얇은 금속 막으로 밀착 피복 시켜 마무리하는 공정을 말한다. 이러한 도금은 제품에 내식성과 장식성, 기계적 강도 등을 주기 위한 목적에서 행해진다. 그러나 도금작업에서는 염산, 황산, 질산 등의 산성물질(Acid)과 수산화나트륨, 수산화칼륨 등의 알칼리성 물질 및 시안화칼륨, 시안화나트륨 등의 시안화크롬화합물 이외에도 다수의 유해한 화학물질을 취급하고 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.135-140
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• 2003

산업이 고도화됨에 따라 각종 기계·기구에 사용되는 부품의 고정도가 요구되면서 기존에 공구와 가공물이 직접 접촉하면서 절삭하는 가공방법으로는 절삭력에 의한 변형과 마찰열로 인하여 고정도 가공을 실현하는데 많은 어려움이 생기게 되었다 이러한 절삭가공법 중 연삭가공은 주로 가공물의 마무리에 이용되는 가공법으로서, 비교적 정밀하고 양호한 표면의 품위가 요구되어지는 부품에 사용되어왔다.(중략)