• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.195-199
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• 1997

From Dec. 1992 to Dec. 1995, 20 patients with atherosclerotic occlusive disease in the lower extremities underwent arter al bypass surgery. The age of the patients ranged between 46 and 77 years(mean .60.8 years) and the most prevalent incidence was in the 7th decades. The mean follow up period was 18.8 months ranging from 4 to 36 months. Associated diseases were diabetus mellitus(25%), hypertension (35%), cerebrovascular accident(25%), and acute myocardial infarction(5%). Disabling intermittent claudifcation(35%), resting pain(20%) or ischemic gangrene(or ulceration)(45%) were operative indications. Aorto-bifemoral bypass in 4 cases, aorto-single femoral bypass in 2 cases, Aorto-bifemoral bypass and femoropopliteal bypass in 3 cases, aorto-single femoral bypass and femoropopliteal bypass in 1 case, femoropopliteal bypass in 4 cases, femorotibial bypass in 1 case, popliteotibial bypass 4 cases and femorofemoral bypass in 1 case were the surgical approches. Early thrombosis(2 cases) and wound infection(2 case) were main complication. Postoperative complication rate was 20% . Postoperative patency rates re 92.6% at 6 months, 84.2% at 1 year, 75.4% at 2 years and 69.4% at 3 years.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2011

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to estimate the effect of mandibular advancement device (MAD) and to evaluate the influence of the advancement amount of mandible in the application of MAD for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Methods: From the patients who were diagnosed as OSA by polysomnographic study at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from January 2007 to February 2009, the patients who chose MAD as treatment option were included in this study. All the patients’ data including clinical records and polysomnographic studies (both pre- and post-treatment) were reviewed and analyzed. Results: Successful results were obtained in 65 patients of 86 patients (75.6%). In the follow-up period, mild discomfort of anterior teeth or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were described in 28 patients, especially in the cases the amount of mandibular advancement were more than 7.0 mm. There was no direct relationship between the amount of mandibular advancement and clinical outcome. Conclusion: MAD was effective treatment option for the OSA patients regardless of severity. For the prevention of potential dental complications, the amount of mandibular advancement should be considered at the time of MAD treatment.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 1999

Objectives: To investigate the effect of mandibular repasitioning device on airway sige and airway collapsibility in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS). Methods: Cine CT with polysomnographic monitoring was performed during sleep in nine(OSAS) patients before and after manibular repositioning device(MRD) application. Axial CT images were obtained in five upper airway levels(retropalatal-high, retroalatal-low, retroglossal, epiglottis, and hypopharynx levels). In each airway level, one axial CT image was obtained during sleep apnea period and 10 serial axial CT images were scanned every 1 second during normal sleep breathing. After wearing MRD, all CT images were obtained by the same method. The cross-sectional areas of airway were measured by automatic tracing method. The changes of minimum airway size and maximum airway size after MRD were evaluated. The airway collapsibility was calculaed before and after MRD. Results: During sleep apnea, the airway of retropalatal-low level was the most frequently narrowest site. During normal sleep breahing the minimum airway size was increased significantly after MRD at retropalatal-low level(p=0.011). The mean airway collapsibility was the highest at retropalatal-low level. MRD decreased the airway collapsibility significantly at retropalatal-low level(p=0.021) and epiglottis level(p=0.038). Conclusions: The enlargement of the minimum airway size and decreased airway collapsibility may be the therapeutic mechanism of MRD in obstructive sleep apnea.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2012

Recently, for the purpose of constructing artificial ecosystem, the public aquarium and experimental mesocosm systems are receiving attention. To design and establish an aquarium and mesocosm system, there is need of several materials for simulating the environment, such as sediments, rocks, and plants. Expecially for sessile mollusks, there must be proper materials to which sessile invertebrates can adhere. Nowadays, many aquariums and mesocosm systems are using dead coral skeletons for sessile mollusks. This study was proceeded to have data on the effect of dead coral skeletons on water qualities with the experiment on the environmental factors. For this purpose, I made glass tank for experiment, chose two types of dead coral skeletons imported from the Indonesia and observed the change of water qualities and decomposition efficiency of TAN (total ammonia-nitrogen), nitrite ($NO_2{^-}$) and nitrate ($NO_3{^-}$). As a result, the lager the surface area was, the more TAN, nitrite and nitrate decomposition rate increased. In addition, coral skeletons covered with crustose algae and bacteria in the tank showed faster TAN, nitrite and nitrate removal rate and stabilization. Accordingly, this experiment suggested that dead coral skeletons could be used as a sub filter for the closed system as well as an adhering plate.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.6
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• pp.567-572
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• 2006

Endobronchial foreign bodies are difficult to diagnose as the cause of obstructive pneumonia and atelectasis, However, once discovered, they can generally be removed, leading to an immediate and dramatic resolution of the symptoms. Occasionally, small foreign bodies that lodge in the peripheral airway are often initially asymptomatic but become symptomatic several years later. We reported a case of obstructive pneumonia and massive hemoptysis caused by a foreign metallic body. The patient knew that the foreign body was lodged in the peripheral airway on the chest X-ray, but did not want treatment. Several years later, he had a massive hemoptysis and obstructive pneumonia. Removal with a flexible bronchoscope failed, but the metallic foreign body was self-expectorated by coughing after the procedure. The pneumonia was resolved after removing the foreign body. The patient improved and was discharged without any sequela.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.95-105
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• 2018

This study empirically test the roles of network closure and structural hole on radical innovation in technological knowledge exchange network in Gumi cluster. In doing so, we build 2,550 firm network, transforming association*firm(2-mode) to firm*firm(1-mode) network data. In addition, in order to investigate firms' attributes, we conduct survey for 101 firms in Gumi cluster using random sampling, and finally collect 86 firm samples. For analysis, we use ridge regression since network density and efficiency, indices of network closure and structural hole respectively, has a high level of multicollinearity. The findings show that structural hole has a significant and positive impact on radical innovation, but network closure has a significant and negative impact on radical innovation. This study contributes to present an empirical evidence of debate on network closure and structural hole based on past conceptual discussions and literature review and further goes a long way towards strategy formulation to establish social capital in accomplishing radical innovation. Further research is required that pays closer attention to features of technological knowledge, innovation types and interaction between network closure and structural hole, directing efforts to structural characteristics of various networks.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 2015

D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product (FDP), a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis. D-dimer concentration is widely used for determining thrombosis and thromboembolism. Because one major cause of thromboembolism is congestive heart failure in human, we investigated the degree and risk of thromboembolism in dogs with different stage of congestive heart failure caused by chronic mitral valvular insufficiency (CMVI). The plasma level of d-dimer was evaluated in 20 healthy dogs and 30 dogs with different stage of congestive heart failure caused by CMVI. The d-dimer concentrations were measured by a commercialized assay kit. The plasma levels of d-dimer were not significantly different between healthy and CMVI dogs. Furthermore, there was no association of d-dimer concentrations to left atrium to aorta (LA/Ao) ratio, left ventricular dimension at diastole to aorta (LVIDd/Ao) ratio and severity of heart failure in our study population. Our study results implied that the degree of thromboembolism in canine heart failure might be minimal or the plasma d-dimer test might not be reliable for detecting thromboembolism in dogs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.469-470
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• 2001

경남 통영 안정만은 북동쪽으로 진해만과 연결되어 있고, 고성 당동만과 가조도 서쪽 어의도, 수도, 지도 둥의 섬으로 둘러 쌓인 반폐쇄성 내만으로서 굴, 피조개 등 패류양식이 주로 행해지고 있어 유기물 오염이 심각한 해역으로 해양수산부에 의해 특별관리어장으로 지정되어 현재 어장정화사업이 시행되고 있다. 본 조사는 이 해역의 해양생태계 조사를 통해 공단조성이 해양생태계에 미치는 영향을 파악하는데 그 목적이 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.255-257
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• 2001

진해 행암만은 반폐쇄성 내만으로서 생활하수 및 산업폐수의 유입에 의한 부영양화가 매우 심화된 해역으로서 겨울철에도 빈번하게 적조현상이 일어나는 해역이다. 그러나 매년 봄철부터 가을철까지는 부영양화 및 적조발생에 관한 조사는 많이 행하여 왔으나 진해만 및 마산만을 연구하기 위해 한 두 정점에 국한하여 조사가 이루어졌을 뿐이다. 특히, Park (1975)의 연구 이후 행암만에 대한 상세한 연구는 전무한 실정이며, 해수중 용존중금속 및 표층퇴적물중의 중금속농도분포도 거의 밝혀지지 않는 실정으로서 겨울철 행암만 수질과 표층퇴적물 중의 환경특성을 파악할 목적으로 본 조사를 수행하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.612-613
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• 2001

산소가 고갈된 환경속에서는 패각의 폐쇄가 일어나게 되며, 종에 따라 생리적 반응은 차이가 있을지라도, 대체로 저산소에 대한 생리적 보상 기작으로서 수류의 펌프작용과 환기 및 혈중내에서의 산소 수송능력이 증가된다. 저산소상태의 환경속에서는 혐기성 대사가 증가되는 대신, 호기성 대사가 억제되므로서 보유하고 있는 에너지의 사용을 최소화하여 제한된 시간동안 저산소 및 무산소 상태에서도 생존할 수 있다. (중략)