• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2018

This study was conducted to identify convergence factors affecting depressive symptoms of postmenopausal women through the theory unpleasant symptom. This study was secondary data analysis form Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015. Study sample of 1,298 menopausal women to evaluate the factors that would influence depressive symptoms, physiological factors, situational factors, and psychological factors. The results showed that significant variables influencing the depressive symptom were income quartile(${\beta}=-.14$, p<.001), health status(${\beta}=.24$, p<.001), and stress(${\beta}=-.20$, p<.001). The explanation power of this regression model was 14. 1% and it was statistically significant. As a result, to improve their depressive symptoms, the nursing interventions are required for postmenopausal women who have the income, health status, and stress.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between the climacteric symptoms and the dietary patterns. The study was conducted with 285 middle-aged women(150 premenopause and 135 postmenopause) and the informations were obtained by questionnaires. The menophania of the premenopause and of the postmenopause women began to 15.6 and 16.6 years old, respectively. And it seemed that the middle-aged women had neutral attitude about menopause-related altitude. There was a positive correlation between the nutrition knowledge and the food habit, but these knowledge and habits had a little correlation with the climacteric symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1043-1058
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify how attitudes toward menopause and family-related variables (living with a first child, satisfaction with children, and marital satisfaction) were associated with the perceived menopausal symptoms of middle-aged Korean females. Data for the study were based on a community sample of 628 women whose ages ranged from 45 to 60, who were currently married and had at least one child. The respondents reported lower levels of menopausal symptoms, medium levels of marital satisfaction and slightly higher levels of satisfaction with children. Feelings of tiredness, irritability, and nervousness without apparent reason, and aches in the lumbago and joints were common menopausal symptoms reported in this study. Regression analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of monthly income, educational level, employment status, attitudes toward menopause, living with a first child, satisfaction with children, and marital satisfaction on perceived menopausal symptoms. Attitudes toward menopause, living with a first child, satisfaction with children and marital satisfaction were significantly associated with perceived menopausal symptoms. In particular, marital satisfaction had the strongest effect on perceived menopausal symptoms. The results showed that in the face of the developmental challenges experienced during the menopausal transition, family-related variables served as positive reinforcement for married middle-aged women. This finding suggests that in order to improve the menopausal transition, family education programs need to be developed and offered to middle aged females who suffer from severe menopausal symptoms.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.115-128
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• 2022

This study investigated and analyzed the symptoms of urinary incontinence and the wearing status, purchase status, and preference for urinary incontinence products in women in their 50s and older. When purchasing urinary incontinence pads and panty, waterproof function and absorption speed were recognized as important. In urinary incontinence products, the most common function was to prevent leakage, and the preferred color was skin. When the number of urinary incontinence was high, the absorption function was considered important. Size or fit was important when the amount of urinary incontinence was small, but waterproof function was found to be important when the amount of urinary incontinence increased. It was hoped that a function to prevent leakage would be added when the incidence of urinary incontinence and the amount of urinary incontinence were high, and a panty-type pad was preferred. It was analyzed that the higher the number of births, the higher the amount of urinary incontinence, and the more frequent symptoms of urinary incontinence appeared. t was found that the earlier menopause, the higher the amount of urinary incontinence.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.868-877
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Koryo Hand Therapy (KHT) on menopausal symptoms and hormone levels (Follicle Stimulating Hormone [FSH], Luteinizing Hormone [LH], and estradiol [$E_2$]) in climacteric women. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from November 28, 2005 to February 28, 2006. The 45 participants were assigned to either the experimental group (23) or control group (22). KHT was applied three times a week, for a total of 8 weeks to the women in the experimental group. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in menopausal symptoms (F=42.49, p=.000), FSH level (F=26.98, p=.000) and LH level (F=5.31, p=.026) between the experimental and control groups. There was an increase of the estradiol level in the experimental group but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: KHT can be applied as a supportive nursing intervention to climacteric women. KHT is expected to be a complementary alternative intervention for health management of the climacteric women.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.353-364
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of health promotion program on physiological stress, perceived stress and menopausal symptoms in menopausal women. Methods: This study followed a nonequivalent control group pretest-post test design. The subjects consisted of 57 middle-aged women(30 in the experimental group and 27 in the control group) who were recruited from the community health center in J city. The subjects in the experimental group participated in a health promotion program for 8 weeks, which was composed of yoga and teaching for 1 session per week. Results: The health promotion program showed a statistical difference in blood pressure, pulse rate and perceived stress. However, there was not a statistical difference in serum cortisol, or menopausal symptoms. Conclusion: This health promotion program was partially effective for reducing stress and it was not effective for reducing menopausal symptoms in menopausal women. It is necessary to conduct a future study using a different time period, measurement time, and target population.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.429-438
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was descriptive survey research to examine the factors affecting menopause, depression and menopausal symptoms, and the relations among these factors in South Korean midlife women. Methods: The subjects were 319 midlife women in Daegu City. Measures were Zung's Self-Report Depression Scale (1979) to check depression, and the Midlife Women's Symptom Index developed by Im (2006) to check menopausal symptoms. Data were collected from June 1 to July 31, 2010. Collected data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's correlation coefficient through SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation between depression and menopausal symptoms (r=.692, p<.001). The factors affecting depression were age (r=.194, p<.001), income (r=-.307, p<.001), exercise (r=-.602, p<.001), and menopausal status (r=.224, p<.001). The factors affecting menopausal symptoms were exercise (r=-.158, p<.037), menstrual pain (r=-.171, p = .004) and menopausal status (r=.222, p<.001). Conclusion: Intervention programs for decreasing menopausal symptoms in midlife women should be focused on relieving menopausal pain and encouraging excise from youth. Further studies will be needed to examine the relations among other factors including living style, area and menopausal symptoms.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.287-296
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• 2016

Purpose: This study identified the level of marital intimacy, menopausal symptom and sexual function, and examined factors affecting sexual function in postmenopausal married women. Methods: With cross-sectional survey, a sample of 245 subjects aged 45 to 60 years was recruited from January to March, 2014. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires which included marital intimacy questionnaire (MIQ), menopause rating scale (MRS), and female sexual function index (FSFI). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Marital intimacy, menopausal symptom and sexual function scores of subjects were $3.46{\pm}1.14$, $13.71{\pm}6.61$, and $12.55{\pm}8.33$, respectively. Marital intimacy and menopausal symptom were related to sexual function. Variables including marital intimacy, psychosocial and urogenital menopausal symptom, period since menopause and body mass index therapy explained 51.5% in sexual function of participants. Conclusion: When nurses plan sexual counseling and education for sexual function of postmenopausal married women, it is necessary to consider marital intimacy, menopausal symptoms, and menopause-related factors.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.291-300
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• 2006

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Koryo Hand Therapy(KHT) on menopausal symptoms and lipid levels in middle-aged women. Methods: The design of this study was a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. There were 32 subjects, 40-60 years of age, and assigned to two group. There were 16 members in the experimental group and 16 members in the control group. KHT was applied three times a week, for a total of 8weeks to the experimental group. The instruments used in this study to measure the effects of KHT were the menopausal symptoms scale and clinical laboratory testing(Blood Lipid Levels). Data was analyzed by Fisher's Exact Test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and ANCOVA, using SPSS/Win PC 13.0. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in the menopausal symptoms, and levels of the total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusions: KHT was effective in decreasing menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women. Therefore KHT is recommended as a nursing intervention strategy for middle-aged women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1336-1354
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• 1999

Researchers have rarely explored menopausal experience in the context of the totality of women's lives, subsequently making the picture of menopause incomplete, discrete and fragmented. Respecting the totality of women's lives, this study addressed how a vulnerable group of women-low income Korean immigrant women-experience menopause within a context of multiple transitions. This is a cross-sectional study using methodological triangulation. A sample of 119 first-generation Korean immigrant women aged 40 to 60 years, who were in low-income jobs, was recruited using convenience sampling methods. From the total sample, 21 peri-or post-menopausal women were recruited for in-depth interviews following the collection of the survey data. Questionnaires, short interviews, and in- depth interviews were used to collect data. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Thematic analysis was used to interpret interview data. The findings indicate that menopause was given the lowest priority amidst women's multiple and demanding roles within a gendered multiple transitional (immigration, work and menopause) context. The lack of language clarity to describe women's experience, cultural background, inadequate knowledge, and lack of social supports made menopause hidden, invisible, and inaudible. Conclusions and implications for nursing practice are guided by the goal of understanding women's experiences and meanings of menopause and supporting women through reflecting these experiences into their health care.