• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.15-26
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• 2023

As face-to-face communication has become difficult due to the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have been conducted to understand the impact of non-face-to-face communication, but there is a lack of research that examines this through messenger application reviews. This study aims to identify the impact of the pandemic through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling by collecting review data of 메신저 applications in the Google Play Store and suggest service strategies accordingly. The study categorized the data based on when the pandemic started and the ratings given by users. The analysis showed that messenger is mainly used by middle-aged and older people, and that family communication increased after the pandemic. Users expressed frustration with the application's updates and found it difficult to adapt to the changes. This calls for a development approach that adjusts the frequency of updates and actively listens to user feedback. Also, providing an intuitive and simple user interface (UI) is expected to improve user satisfaction.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

This study examines the impact of factors that affect Hollywood movies' box office performance, using a sample of 149 movies that were ranked number 1 on the first week of release between 2014 and 2018. Such factors as production budget, the number of opening screens, the valence and volume of both critics and netizens, rating, distributor's power, remake, high season, genre are introduced to analyze box office performance. The result shows that the determinants of the US box office and the total box office are different. Considering the difference in budget by genre, the number of opening screens is not influential in the US box office performance of all genres with production budget of less than $100 million. The result suggests the need to refine more elaborated models for future research on box office performance.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.446-455
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• 1995

The nutritional properties of the Chol-Pyon were investigated with changing the materials (mugwort and pine leaves). In proximate composition, rice powder added mugwort and pine leaves showed the lligher con-tents of crude protein, crude lipid and crude ash than in rice powder. Ihe pH of rice powder, mugwort and pine leaves was 6.4, 6.8 and 3.5, respectively. The rice powder added pine leaves showed the lowest pH value. The content of the free sugar in raw materials for ChOl-PyOn preparation was 0.9% in rice powder, 0.3% in mugwort and 2.7％ in pine leaves. Eighteen kinds of amino acids were determined in raw materials for ChOl-fyOn preparation and their contents were 4.8% in mugwort, 4.2% in rice powder and 2.8% in pine leaves. The major minerals of raw materials for ChOl-PyOn preparation was 0.9％ increased in the order of K> Na > Mg > Ca in rice powder, Mg > K > Ca > Na in mugwort, and K > Ca > Mg > Na in pine leaves. Both of mugwort and pine leaves additives showed the higher contents of 8 kinds of minerals (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) than in rice powder. In relation to changes in the texture of ChOl-PyOn, hardness, fracturability and adhesiveness at 25${\pm}$1$^{\circ}C$ were measured to be highest in white ChOl-PyOn. Cohesiveness was shown to be highest at 15％ in case of mugwort and 2.5％ in case of pine leaves. Elasticity was measured to be highest at 0.99 in case that 7.5% mugwort was added to raw materials for ChOl-PyOn. As a result of estimating the sensory qualities of the ChOl-PyOn prepared to which the additives were added in differing amounts, immediately after its preparation the mugwort additive of 7.5％ showed the superior sensory qualities Chol-PyOn (p < 0,01).

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.383-391
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the ethical dilemma of dental hygienists and the level of empowerment among them in an attempt to provide some information on how to alleviate the ethical dilemma of dental hygienists to boost their empowerment. The findings of the study were as follows: The dental hygienists got a mean of 1.58 out of possible four points in ethical dilemma. Among the subfactors of ethical dilemma, they scored highest in ethical dilemma about dental hygienists and profession (1.79), followed by dental hygienists and patients (1.53), life reverence and respect for human rights (1.51) and dental hygienists and cooperators (1.49). As for the general characteristics of the dental hygienists, those who were better educated and who intended to temporarily work just until marriage fell into a more ethical dilemma. The dental hygienists got a mean of 3.05 out of possible five points in empowerment. Among the subfactors of it, they scored highest in support structure (3.52), opportunity structure (3.18), information structure (3.08) and resources structure (3.04). There were significant gaps among the dental hygienists in empowerment according to their attitude toward the dental hygienist job as a profession. There was a significant negative correlation between ethical dilemma and empowerment. Regarding influential factors for the ethical dilemma of the dental hygienists, marital status and empowerment were identified as significantly influential factors, and empowerment had a significant relationship to age, academic credential and ethical dilemma. Given the findings of the study, the development of various intervention programs and empowerment-boosting strategies is required to relieve dental hygienists of ethical dilemma.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.25-39
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a web-based instruction Program(WBI) to help nurses improving their knowledge and skill of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Using the model of web-based instruction(WBI) program designed by Rhu(1999), this study was carried out during February-April 2002 in five different steps; analysis, design, data collection and reconstruction, programming and publishing, and evaluation. The results of the study were as follows; 1) The goal of this program was focused on improving accuracy of knowledge and skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The program texts consists of the concepts and importances of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR), basic life support(BLS), advanced cardiac life support(ACLS), treatment of CPR, nursing care after CPR treatment. And in the file making step, photographs, drawings and image files were collected and edited by web-editor(Namo), scanner and Adobe photoshop program. Then, the files were modified and posted on the web by file transfer protocol(FTP). Finally, the program was demonstrated and once again revised by the result, and then completed. 2) For the evaluation of the program, 36 nurses who in K university hospital located in D city, and related questionnaire were distributed to them as well. Higher scores were given by the nurses in its learning contents with $4.2{\pm}.67$, and in its structuring and interaction of the program with $4.0{\pm}.79$, and also in its satisfactory of the program with $4.2{\pm}.58$ respectively. In conclusion, if the contents of this WBI educational program upgrade further based upon analysis and applying of the results the program evaluation, it is considered as an effective tool to implement for continuing education as life-long educational system for nurse.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 1999

Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the satisfaction in the hospice services provided for inpatient families and bereaved families whose members had been admitted to the hospice unit at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital to improve the quality of care for the terminally ill patients and their families. Methods : This sample consisted of 33 families of hospice patients during the period of April to lune, 1998 and 30 bereaved families whose patients had died from March, 1993 to March, 1998. The data were collected through a self-report questionnaire and analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. Results : 1) The satisfaction level of inpatient families and bereaved families showed the mean value of 3.5 where the highest value is 5.0. 2) According to age, the level of satisfaction of inpatient families had significant differences in the fields of hospice philosophy, support for the family, medical management and nursing management(P=0.0001). The level of satisfaction of bereaved families showed significant differences in the field of support for the family, medical management, nursing management, and facilities of the hospice unit(P=0.0001). 3) By family relationship, the level of satisfaction of inpatient families had significant differences in the fields of hospice philosophy, support for the family, medical management and nursing management (P=0.0001). 4) According to religion, the level of satisfaction of inpatient families had significant differences in the fields of hospice philosophy, support for the family and nursing management (P=0.0001), but there was no significant difference for the bereaved families. Conclusions : The findings of this study showed that hospice services had positive influence on families with terminal disease such as cancer. To improve the level of satisfaction in the hospice services for families with hospice patients, we need to provide care by an interdisciplinary hospice team approach, and to assess needs of the families according to their socio-psychological characteristics. Further studies need to be conducted with large samples.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.169-179
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• 1999

The present study was undertaken to classify and describe the spring naturalized plant communities in old-Andong city by the methodology of the ZM school of phytosociology. As a result, the vegetation was classified into the six communities and two subcommunities: A. Bromus tectorum community A-a. Bromus japonicus subcommunity, A-b. Melica onoei subcommunity; B. Poa pratensis community; C. Rumex crispus community; D. Oenothera lamarckiana community; E. Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. eiatior community; F. Rumex conglomeratus community. The total taxa of the naturalized plant communities consisted of 31 families, 86 genera, 114 species and 13 varieties. Of which the taxa of the naturalized plant species consisted of 8 families, 21 genera, 25 species and 1 variety. The result of Bray-Curtis ordination revealed that the plots suveyed were arranged according largely to the vegetation units of' the communities. Also the interspecific affinity was examined by an analysis of interspecific association and the main component species in the communities were divided into two groups. The naturalized rate was higher in the communitise affected by strong human impacts, while was lower in the communities affected relatively less by human impacts. On the other hand the seasonal changes of the communities and the naturalized rate between the spring and the autumn were investigated. Many naturalized communities present in Spring were replaced by the other native ruderal communitues in the Autumn. The naturalized rate based on the dominance was largely decreased over from the spring to the Autumn.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.162-168
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• 2012

Purpose: Teeth are generally exposed when people smiling. Moreover, the exposed teeth and soft tissue when smiling becomes an important guideline for esthetically prosthetic restoration. This research is to compare and find out differences of Korean young men's smile living in presence and twenty years ago. Materials and methods: Subjects, 100 young men (50 male and 50 female), were required about several aspects; normally developed physical condition, no psychological or genetic disorders, a fine face with no loss of teeth, no experience in orthodontic or prosthetic treatment, relatively normal occlusion, aged between 20-29. The photos of the subject at rest position and front face when fully smiled were taken three times. 100 photos (50 male and 50 female) were chosen at random from the 240 university students' smile photos taken by Yoon and his colleagues in 1991. By Hulsey's method of measuring smile, several factors; the change of upper lip curvature, the change of the relation between the upper lip and teeth, parallelism between Mx. incisor and lower lip, contact relation between Mx. incisor and lower lip and teeth displayed in a smile, were measured and analyzed. Meanwhile, ten dentists assessed aesthetic evaluation about men and women's smile for twice and recorded and compared smile score. The -test (P<.05) was used to compare the measured value. The difference of smile score was analyzed by t-test (P<.05). Results: The smile score calculated in 2011 (60.22) was higher than that of 1991 (52.80). Among five measurement categories, the noticeable difference was distinguished from two factors; the change of upper lip curvature and contact relation between Mx. incisor and lower lip. Conclusion: The Korean young men's smile has been considerably improved for twenty years. And it is found that the change of upper lip curvature plays an important role, that is, the smile formed with an ascended labial commissure has been increased significantly.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1979

In the first paper of the series the five soil fertility factors were evaluated by means of principal component analysis and varimax method. They are interpreted as representing, 1) skeletal available phosporus status, 2) organnic matter status, 3) salt status 4) base status, and 5) free oxide status. In order to resynthesize such fragmented information for the overall soil fertility evaluation, the method of multiple regression analysis was adopted, using the five factor scores and yield data for Korean paddy soils as independent and dependent variables respectively. As test of linear models with different combinations of independent variables the results of t-test of regression coefficient were revealed that the organic matter status (FII) has no relevance to the yield of paddy and that the free oxides and salt supply has by it self only an insignificant contribution to the yield. The multiple correlation coefficient (R) revealed its multiple regression analysis was as low as 0.43. Introduction of quadratic terms to the linear model bettered the result. Thus multiple correlation coefficient (R) was increased as 0.59. Therefore, a coefficient of determination 0.35 was obtained by a quadratic model with interaction terms among the five fertility constituents. Generally we think that the fertility factor has more contribution to raise the rice yield in paddy and that the failure of yield prediction by fertility factor scores was caused by one of follows; 1) the roughness of the yield inspection, and 2) missextraction of fertility constituents. The second step in this study, assuming that the residuals by multiple regression analysis were due to factors other than soil fertility, we can now proceed to predicting the yield from the field characters with the classified fertility groups by means of Hayashi's theory of quantification No. 1. Such variables as fertility groups (FTYG), water availability (WATER), soil drainage (DRNG), climatic zone (CLIZ), surface soil's stickiness (STCKT), surface soil's dry consistence (DCNST), and surface soil's texture (FTEXT) are taken up as the explanatory variables. The quantification appears reasonable; the well to extremely well in soil drainage, very sticky of surface soil, inefficiency in water availability, coarse texture, and very hard to extremely hard dry consistence in soil are detrimental to the rice yield. The R was as high as 0.90 for the set of variables. But the given explanatory variables in this study were not quite effective in explaining rice yield. The method developed seems to be promising only if properly collected data are available. Conditions that should be satisfied in the yield inspection obtained from common cultivator for the purpose of deriving a prediction equation were put forward.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1979

The fertility which is the combined factor is one of the important capability determiants of paddy soils. In this study, we aimed at attaining a quantitative evaluation of soil fertility and further establishing an objective fertility classification on the basis of the fertility evaluation. The samples used in this series studies were collected from Korean paddy field. They include deltas, flood plains, coastal plains, valley plains, fans and low terraces. On the basis of correlation analysis, factor analysis was applied to a set of 15 variables. As a result of factor analysis, five mutually independent and clearly definable fertility component factors were extracted from the 15 variables for the whole 90 surface soil samples. The fertility status of each sample soil could be objectively designated by the score of the five factors. As a means of summarizing the information obtained, taxonomic distances between all pairs of the samples were computed from these five factor scores further to be subjected to numerical taxonomy. Seven fertility groups were formulated, each of which was characterized by one or more of the fertility components. As this fertility classification was based on the present state of soil properties, it would be useful in pointing to the proper direction of further fertility amelioration and improvement for each group to enhance potential productivity of Korean paddy fields.