• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 1997

관상피내암종의 조직학적 분류에 있어서 그 기준으로써 공통적으로 사용된 소견은 핵등급, 면포형 괴사 및 성장유형이었다. 그러나 최근의 분류(Tavassoli, 1992; Tavassoli and Man, 1995; Poller 등, 1994; Holland 등, 1994; Silverstein 등, 1995; Millis, 1996)에서는 핵등급과 면포형 괴사만을 분류의 기준으로 사용하고 있고 성장유형은 포함시키지 않는 경향이 있는 것 같다. 이는 관상피내암종의 성장유형은 너무나 다양하고 혼합형으로 자라는 경우가 많아 관찰자간의 재현성이 떨어지고, 이와 반대로 핵등급이나 면포형 괴사는 관찰자간의 재현성이 비교적 높을 뿐만 아니라 여러 가지 생물학적 표지자와도 관련이 잘 지워지기 때문으로 생각한다. 관상피내암종의 분류나 등급매김에 있어서는 연구자마다 사용하는 용어가 다르고 그들이 정한 등급의 기준이 서로 다르나 대체로 세 등급으로 나뉘어짐을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 국내에서는 유방의 관상피내암종에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이므로 이에 대한 지속적인 자료의 축적과 연구가 필요하리라 생각한다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.155-157
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• 1987

A 25 years old male patient was experienced Trough method operation to correct of Tracheal stenosis following Tracheostomy. After admission, a No.3 Magill plastic portex tube had been placed in the previous tracheostomy opening. Stenotic narrowing portion was noted low trachea (about 3.5cm above carina) Despite of narrowing of the lesion, anesthetic course was uneventful with oxygen, halothane and non depolarized muscle relaxant by controlled respiration. Postoperative coures were also favorable With adequate respiratory cares and blood gas analyzed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 1987

The systemic lupus erythematosus is a self-perpetuating disease with multisystem involvement, ie ; skin, kidney, serous membrane, nervous system and other organs. The mortality in SLE is determined primarily by the extent of renal involvement ana the degree of immunosuppression resulting from the therapy. We experienced two cases of lupus nephritis in SLE with clinical, serologic, immunologic and pathologic evaluations. Renal biopsy revealed focal and segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Both patients have been improving with prednisolone on follow-up studies.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.193-195
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• 1987

Two cases of vaginal injury due to coitus are presented. One is the case of the laceration of mid-portion of posterior vaginal wall with shock and the other one is the laceration of posterior vaginal fornix and pelvic peritoneum. They are all in multiparity. And a review of literature on vaginal injury due to coitus is made briefly.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.329-331
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• 2020

Negative myoclonus (NM) is a shock-like jerky involuntary movement caused by a sudden, brief interruption of tonic muscle contraction. NM is observed in patients diagnosed with epilepsy, metabolic encephalopathy, and drug toxicity and in patients with brain lesions. A 55-year-old man presented with NM in both his arms and neck. He has taken medications containing tramadol at a dose of 80-140 mg/day for 5 days due to common cold. He had no history of seizures. Acute lesions were not observed during magnetic resonance imaging, and abnormal findings in his laboratory tests were not noted. His NM resolved completely after the discontinuation of tramadol and the oral administration of clonazepam. Our case report suggests that tramadol can cause NM in patients without seizure history or metabolic disorders, even within its therapeutic dose.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.296-301
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• 2020

The geriatric population is at a greater risk of postoperative complications than young adults. This risk is associated with the physiologic decline seen in this population known as frailty. Unlike fitter patients, frail patients who undergo operative treatment have a greater likelihood of developing postoperative complications and endure prolonged hospital stays. This circumstance is comparable to the urological status. Therefore, tolerable measurement of frailty as a domain of preoperative health status has been suggested to ascertain vulnerability in elderly patients. In this review, we will elaborate on the concept of frailty and examine its importance with respect to surgical complications, focusing on the urological status.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.262-268
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• 2020

Severe asthma patients comprise about 3% to 13% of all asthma patients, but they have higher hospital utilization rates and higher medical costs than those of nonsevere asthma patients. Treatment methods for severe asthma patients are still lacking; however, the recent development of biologics is expected to have a positive effect. The biological therapies developed so far are mainly aimed at treating asthma patients with type 2 inflammation. These biologics have been found to reduce symptoms of asthma, improve lung function, reduce the use of oral corticosteroids, and improve quality of life of patients. This article reviews the mechanism of action and indications for approved biologics and discusses what should be considered when choosing biologics.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.253-261
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• 2020

Bronchoscopy has evolved over the past few decades and has been used by respiratory physicians to diagnose various airway and lung diseases. With the popularization of medical check-ups and growing interest in health, early diagnosis of lung diseases is essential. With the development of endobronchial ultrasound, ultrathin bronchoscopy, and electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy, bronchoscopy has been able to widen its scope in diagnosing pulmonary diseases. In this review, we have described the brief history, role, and complications of bronchoscopy used in diagnosing pulmonary lesions, from simple flexible bronchoscopy to bronchoscopy combined with several up-to-date technologies.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.341-344
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• 2020

Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) is a rare neurological genetic disease caused by deletion of the peripheral myelin protein 22 gene and presents in childhood or young adulthood. We report four cases of HNPP with typical and rare presentations, reflecting the broad clinical spectrum of this disease. Two patients presented with mononeuropathies that are frequently observed in HNPP; the remaining two presented with bilateral neuropathy or mononeuropathy anatomically present in the deep layer. This reflects the broad clinical presentation of HNPP, and clinicians should differentiate these conditions in young patients with monoparesis or bilateral paresis. Although HNPP is currently untreatable, early diagnosis in the emergency department can lead to early detection, eventually resulting in less provocation and recurrence which may cause early motor nerve degeneration.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2016

Pancreatic cancer, the 4th leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, has a very poor prognosis. Cholangiocarcinoma originates from either intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile duct, and its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brush cytology has a high false-negative rate for the diagnosis of biliary malignancy. Recently, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has emerged as the potential modality to detect pancreatic cancer. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration for cytologic analysis made it possible to overcome the obstacle in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions in the pancreatobiliary lesion, and it has been well established as a safe and effective procedure. Herein, the clinical application of EUS in the diagnosis of pancreatobiliary cancer was reviewed.