• Title/Summary/Keyword: 페놀포름알데히드

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Treatment of Phenolic Resin Wasterwater by Candida tropicalis PW-51 (Candida tropicalis PW-51을 이용한 페놀수지 폐수의 처리)

  • 김성빈;김희식;오희목;윤병대;김치경
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.237-241
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    • 1999
  • Phenolic resin wastewater contained 41,000 mglI phenol, 2,800 mg/l fonualdehyde and various chlorinated phenolic compounds. Candida tropicalis PW-51 isolated [rom the natural enVlfooment was able to degrade 1,000 mg/l phenol in the presence of 100 mglI formaldehyde, but it took much time to degrade phenol with the increase of formaldehyde in phenolic resin wastewater. %en the phenolic resin wastewater was diluted to 1/40, the initial concentration of phenolic compounds (phenols) was 882 mglI and degraded to 81 mglI by C tfVpicalis PW-51 in batch culture. In a continuous biological treatment, the phenolic resin wastewater was diluted to 40 (745 mglI), 20 (1,356 mglI), or 10 (2,875 mglI) times. The removal efficiency of phenols in 1/40- and lI20-diluted phenolic resin wastewater was about 92%, but the phenols in 1!1O-diluted wastewater were not degraded. The remained phenols in wastewater were absorbed by a mixture of activated carbon and rice bran (1:1, v:v) in the process of absorption which was connected to the biological treatment. The total removal efficiency of phenols in 1!40~ and l/20-diluted phenolic resin wastewater was 99.9%.

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Scavenging Effect of Injurious VOC from Flooring using Green Tea Leaves Powder (녹차잎분말을 이용한 마루판의 유해 TVOC 제거효과)

  • Kang, Seog Goo;Lee, Hwa Hyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2008
  • This research was carried out to use green tea leaves powder for scavenging effects of volatile organic compounds on the UV varnishes and adhesives of fancy cherry veneer overlaid on the PF resin bonded Meranti plywood. The results are as follows: 1) Green tea leaves contained 9.85% of polyphenol compounds. 2) FT-IR results showed green tea leaves had effects to react with benzaldehyde and ethyl hexyl alcohol to form a chemical bond. 3) 2.5% of green tea leaves powder content was proper for scavenging effect on the UV varnishes and adhesives of fancy veneer overlaid on the PF resin bonded plywood 4) 20 liters small chamber test indicated excellent emission speed results such as $0.089mg/m^2hr$ of TVOC and $0.001mg/m^2hr$ of HCHO (on 7th day), as compared with standard (less than $0.1mg/m^2hr$ of TVOC and $0.015mg/m^2hr$ of HCHO emission are the excellent grade).

Thermal Stability and Cure Behavior of Waterborne Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin (수용성 페놀-포름알데히드 수지의 열안정성 및 경화거동)

  • Yoon, Sung Bong;Kim, Jin Woo;Cho, Donghwan
    • Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.16-22
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    • 2006
  • In this work, the effect of cure temperature and time on the thermal stability and the exothermic cure reaction peak of a waterborne resol-type phenol-formaldehyde resin, which may be used for preparing phenolic sheet molding compounds (SMC), has been investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer and a differential scanning calorimeter. The weight loss of waterborne phenol-formaldehyde resin was mainly occurred at three temperature stages: near $200^{\circ}C,\;400^{\circ}C$, and $500^{\circ}C$. The carbon yield at $750^{\circ}C$ for the cured resin was about 62%~65%. Their thermal stability increased with increasing cure temperature and time. Upon cure, the exothermic reaction was taken placed in the range of $120^{\circ}C{\sim}190^{\circ}C$ and the maximum peak was found in between $165^{\circ}C$ and $170^{\circ}C$. The shape and the maximum of the exothermic curves depended on the given cure temperature and time. To remove $H_2O$ and volatile components, the uncured resin needed a heat-treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ for 60 min at least prior to cure or molding. Curing at $130^{\circ}C$ for 120 min made the exothermic peak of waterborne phenol-formaldehyde resin completely disappeared. And, post-curing at $180^{\circ}C$ for 60 min further improved the thermal stability of the cured resin.

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Synthesis of Resole-type Phenolic Beads via Suspension Polymerization Technique (현탁중합을 이용한 레졸형 구형 페놀입자의 합성)

  • Hahn, Dongseok;Kim, Daejung;Kim, Hongkyeong
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.51 no.2
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    • pp.279-284
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    • 2013
  • The phenolic beads in macrosize range were obtained by suspension polymerization at $98^{\circ}C$ from phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of basic catalyst with a phenol to formaldehyde (P/F) range of 1:1~1:4, and they were carbonized to spherical carbon beads under nitrogen at $700^{\circ}C$. Thermal analysis on spherical phenolic beads obtained by suspension polymerization showed that the postcuring process is essential. In order to optimize the suspension polymerization, the effects of the P/F molar ratio, the pH of catalyst, and the molecular weight of stabilizer on the size distribution and yield of spherical phenol beads were examined separatively. The particle size was increased whereas the yield was decreased with P/F molar ratio. The increasing basicity of catalyst made the particle size to increase, while the molecular weight of stabilizer had more effect on the yield rather than on the particle size distribution. The thermal stability of the spherical phenolic beads obtained through postcure was also examined by TGA. The phenol beads of high P/F ratio still showed the weight loss at $220^{\circ}C$ even after postcure due to the high possibility of dibenzyl ether, while those of low P/F ratio showed the steady decrease in weight during $220^{\circ}C$ to $400^{\circ}C$, which showed that the optimal P/F ratio was 1:2.

Role of F/P Ratio on Curing Behavior for Phenolic Resol and Novolac Resins by FT-IR (FT-IR 분석에 의한 레졸과 노블락 페놀 수지의 경화거동에 미치는 F/P 몰비)

  • Lee, Young-Kyu;Kim, Hyun-Joong
    • Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.16-24
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    • 2001
  • The curing behavior of a phenolic resin (F/p: 1.3, 1.9, 2.5 for resol resin, F/P: 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 for novolac resin) has been studied by FT-IR spectroscopy. In this study is to synthesis of resol and novolac type phenolic resin with different F/P molar ratios and to compare the level of cure at different curing temperature conditions ($130^{\circ}C$, $160^{\circ}C$, $180^{\circ}C$ for resol resin, $160^{\circ}C$, $170^{\circ}C$, $180^{\circ}C$ for novolac resin) for 3, 5, 7, 10, 20, and 60 (min.), respectively. The conversion (${\alpha}$) was determined by the ratio of the peak area with time to the peak area of non-baked phenolic QH ($3300cm^{-1}$) at spectra. It is concluded that the initial curing rate of resol and novolac resin was increased as the molar ratio of formaldehyde/phenol increased and as the curing temperature of resin increased. According to the analysis was by the homogenous first-order model, the initial curing rate of resol and novolac resin was increased as the molar ratio of formaIdehyde/phenol increased at specific curing temperature.

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A study on Analytic Methods and Detection Trends of Harmful Substances in Textiles and Textile Chemicals (섬유 및 염.조제의 유해물질 검출 동향 및 분석법 연구)

  • Park, Gyeong-Su;Jo, Yeong-Dal;Choe, Eun-Gyeong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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    • 2008.04a
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    • pp.175-177
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    • 2008
  • EU의 제품 환경규제와 관련하여 섬유 및 염 조제에서 검출되어 수출 시 클레임이 걸리는 유해물질로는 유해아민, 유기캐리어, 포름알데히드, 할로겐화 페놀, NPEO 등이 있으며, 이에 이러한 유해물질 검출동향과 분석법에 대하여 살펴보았다. 규제 이후 검출되어 온 유해아민, 포름알데히드, 유기캐리어는 지금 현재까지도 계속 검출되고 있으며 신규 유해물질로 규정된 NPEO의 검출 빈도수가 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라, 국내 기업들은 지속적인 품질관리를 통해 제품 수출 시 유해물질 함유로 인한 피해가 없도록 주의해야 한다.

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Studies on Aromatic Diamine and Aminophenol-Formaldehyde Type Synthetic Resins (II) (芳香族디아민 및 아미노페놀-포름알데히드系 樹脂에 관한 硏究 (第2報))

  • Choi Kyu Suck
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.381-388
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    • 1974
  • When mixture of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and m-aminophenol (MAP) were reacted with formaldehyde (F) varying their amounts under $N_2$ stream at the temperature of -5∼0$^{\circ}$, addition condensation reaction occurred and brown colored resins(in some cases orange colored) were formed immediately. All resins thus formed were insoluble in most ordinary organic solvents and did not melt up to 300$^{\circ}$. When the resins were treated with dilute(7 %) aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the adsorptivity of methylene blue on them showed marked improvement reaching as much as 80 mg of methylene blue on 1 g of the resin. On the other hand, in the case of bromophenol blue, its amount of adsorption appeared 250 mg per 1 g of the resin. The TGA under $N_2$ atmosphere indicated that the resin formed in molar ratio of 1 : 3 : 8 (PPD : MAP : F) showed the best heat-resistant property among others. About 40 % weight loss was observed for this resin at 900$^{\circ}$ with heating rate of 2$^{\circ}$ per minute.

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Crosslinking Density Control and Its Carbonization Characteristics of Spherical Phenolic Resin Particles by Using Cresol as Comonomer (구형 페놀수지 입자의 크레졸을 이용한 가교조절 및 탄화물성 변화)

  • Hahn, Dongseok;Kim, Hongkyeong
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.58 no.4
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    • pp.618-623
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    • 2020
  • Spherical phenolic resin beads were synthesized by suspension polymerization at 98 ℃ from phenol, ortho-cresol, formaldehyde, with triethylamine as a basic catalyst, and spherical phenol-cresol copolymer resin beads with relatively low crosslinking density as well. Phenol reacts with formaldehyde at two ortho- and one para- positions to form a crosslinked structure, but ortho-cresol instead of phenol reduces the crosslinking density during copolymerization due to the methyl group at a ortho- position. As a result, spherical phenol-cresol copolymer beads showed more shrinkage with decreasing apparent density compared to the spherical phenol beads when carbonized at 700 ℃ under nitrogen. As the molecular weight of the cresol oligomer increases, the pore radius of the carbonized copolymer beads decreases, which is consistent with the density and shrinkage results. It was confirmed that the characteristics such as density decrease, shrinkage, yield and so on during carbonization can be controlled by controlling the degree of crosslinking of the spherical phenolic resin particles with cresol.

Manufacture of Wood Tar-based Phenol Adhesives and Adhesive Properties (목타르계 페놀접착제의 제조 및 접착성능)

  • Park Sang-Bum;Kim Su-Won;Park Byung-Dae;Han Tae-Hyung;Kang Eun-Chang;Park Jong-Young;Mun Sung-Phil
    • Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.33-38
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    • 2005
  • To find a new use of wood tar which is obtained from the manufacturing process of wood charcoal, a resol type of phenol adhesive using wood tar was made and some adhesion tests on plywood were examined. Phenol adhesive synthesized with pine tar was almost same as an original phenol adhesive in physical properties such as solid content and viscosity and tensile-shear adhesive strength of plywood made of phenol adhesive synthesized with pine tar was not much lower than the original one in non-waterproof and waterproof tests. Phenol adhesive synthesized with oak tar, however, was different from original phenol adhesive in physical properties. Adhesive strength of plywood made of oak tar was $50\%$ lower than the original one on waterproof tests. The amount of emitted formaldehyde increased as the amount of wood tar increased.

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