• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.96-100
• /
• 2006

Kim et al. Proposed Normalized Confidence Measure (NCM) [1-2] and it was successfully used for rejecting mis-recognized words in isolated word recognition. However their experiments were performed on the fixed word speech recognition. In this Paper we apply NCM to the domain of vocabulary independent speech recognition (VISP) and shows the rejection Performance of NCM in VISP. Specialty we Propose vector quantization (VQ) based method for overcoming the problem of unseen triphones. It is because NCM uses the statistics of triphone confidence in the case of triphone-based normalization. According to speech recognition experiments Phone-based normalization method shows better results than RLJC[3] and also triphone-based normalization approach. This results are different with those of Kim et al [1-2]. Concludingly the Phone-based normalization shows robust Performance in VISP domain.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.33-45
• /
• 1987

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.383-396
• /
• 2009

Bone age assessment has been widely used in pediatrics to identify endocrine problems of children. Since the number of trained doctors is far less than the demands, there has been numerous requests for automatic estimation of bone age. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an automatic bone age assessment method that utilizes pattern classification techniques. The proposed method consists of three modules; a finger segmentation module, a normalized shape model generation module and a bone age estimation module. The finger segmentation module segments fingers and epiphyseal regions by means of various image processing algorithms. The shape model abstraction module employ ASM to improves the accuracy of feature extraction for bone age estimation. In addition, SVM is used for estimation of bone age. Features for the estimation include the length of bone and the ratios of bone length. We evaluated the performance of the proposed method through statistical analysis by comparing the bone age assessment results by clinical experts and the proposed automatic method. Through the experimental results, the mean error of the assessment was 0.679 year, which was better than the average error acceptable in clinical practice.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.15B no.5
• /
• pp.477-486
• /
• 2008

Facial expression, which changes face geometry, usually has an adverse effect on the performance of a face recognition system. To improve the face recognition rate, we propose a normalization method of facial expression to diminish the difference of facial expression between probe and gallery faces. Two approaches are used to facial expression modeling and normalization from single still images using a generic facial muscle model without the need of large image databases. The first approach estimates the geometry parameters of linear muscle models to obtain a biologically inspired model of the facial expression which may be changed intuitively afterwards. The second approach uses RBF(Radial Basis Function) based interpolation and warping to normalize the facial muscle model as unexpressed face according to the given expression. As a preprocessing stage for face recognition, these approach could achieve significantly higher recognition rates than in the un-normalized case based on the eigenface approach, local binary patterns and a grey-scale correlation measure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.353-362
• /
• 2012

3D building modeling from airborne Lidar without model regularization may cause positional errors or topological inconsistency in building models. Regularization of 3D building models, on the other hand, restricts the types of models which can be reconstructed. To resolve these issues, this paper modelled 3D buildings from airborne Lidar by building model regularization which considers more various types of buildings. Building points are first segmented into roof planes by clustering in feature space and segmentation in object space. Then, 3D building models are reconstructed by consecutive adjustment of planes, lines, and points to satisfy parallelism, symmetry, and consistency between model components. The experimental results demonstrated that the method could make more various types of 3d building models with regularity. The effects of regularization on the positional accuracies of models were also analyzed quantitatively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.381-384
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 실험 영상으로부터 학습된 피부색상 정보를 이용하여 컬러 공간테이블을 생성한 후. 입력된 영상의 컬러와 공간정보를 학습된 피부색상 공간테이블로부터 비교, 분석하여 얼굴후보영역을 찾고자 하였다. 또한 추출된 후보영역의 레이블된 특징정보를 이용하여 지역적 특징을 찾아낸 후 얼굴 특징점의 위치에 따른 형태정보를 이용하여 신뢰할 수 있는 얼굴 영역을 검출하고자 하였다. 제안된 피부색상(Skin-tone)공간테이블은 변환하기 쉽고 계산이 빠른 RGB컬러 공간에서 실험, 평가되었으며, 실시간으로 입력된 영상의 정규화된 책상 값을 유사성 정도에 따라 레이블링하여 보다 빠른 얼굴 후보 영역의 검출과 검증을 할 수 있도록 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2000.04b
• /
• pp.580-582
• /
• 2000

본 논문에서는 MAM을 이용한 특징 벡터의 보정을 기반으로 하는 헤드 제스처 인식에 관해 기술한다. 제안된 시스템은 얼굴 움직임 검출 모듈과 눈 영역 추적 모듈, 미 측정된 벡터 보정 모듈, 측정된 제스처에 대한 인식모듈로 구성된다. 신경망과 모자이크 이미지를 이용하여 얼굴 영역을 검출하고, 이 영역에서 눈 영역을 검출한다. 만약 눈의 쌍이 검출되지 않는다면 시스템은 특징 벡터 보정(MAM)을 수행하여 손실된 정보를 예측한다. 검출된 눈 영역은 정규화된 벡터로 변경된다. 이 벡터의 분산을 이용하여 긍정, 부정, 중립의 제스처를 판단한다. 제스처의 인식은 직접 관측, 이중 HMM, 삼중 HMM을 사용한 다중 인식기를 이용한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2000.10b
• /
• pp.452-454
• /
• 2000

동일인에 대한 눈 영상에 대해서 홍채 영역 추출의 일정성은 인식을 위한 특징 추출에 신뢰성을 부여해주는 핵심 부분이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이런 특징 추출의 뢰성을 부여하기 위한 방법으로서 좌표 설정의 기준이 되는 중심의 대표 값을 찾아내는 방법과 홍채 근육의 움직임에 의한 영향을 배제할 수 있는 홍채 영역 정규화의 한 모델을 제시함으로써 불리한 환경 조건에서 홍채 인식률을 높이는 기반을 세우고자 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.8C
• /
• pp.782-787
• /
• 2007

This paper presents the D(Diagonal)-QR-RLS algorithm which normalizes the fast algorithm minimizes the MSE by using Givens rotated inputs and analyzes its characteristic. This proposed one has computational complexity of O(N) and the merit that it obtains the coefficients of TDL filter directly. Although this proposed normalized algorithm has the similar form to NLMS algorithm, we can see that D-QR-RLS has superior convergence characteristic to NLMS by computer simulation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.12 no.2 s.46
• /
• pp.103-109
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we detect shot boundaries using $X^2$-histogram comparison method which have enough spatial information that is more robust to the camera or object motion and produce more precise results. Also, we present normalization method to change Log-Formula and constant that is used for contrast enhancement of image in image processing and apply in difference value. And, present shot boundary detection algorithm to detect shot boundary based on general shot and abrupt shot's characteristic.