• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.475-487
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are any differences in the recognition of the level of the guarantee of the rights of infants and toddlers according to the teachers' variables(gender, age, working experience) and institutional variables (institution type, establishment type, scale, area). We surveyed 365 special education teachers and found out differences. The results are as follows. First, there was no difference in the recognition according to gender. Second, there was no difference in the recognition according to age. Third, there was no difference in the recognition by working experience. Fourth, the recognition by type of educational institution showed that there were differences in the ambit of rights to life, protection, development, and participation. Fifth, the recognition according to the establishment type showed there were differences in the rights to life and development. On the other hand, there was no difference in the rights to protection and participation. Sixth, there were differences in the recognition about the rights to life, protection, development, and participation according to the scale of the education institutions. Seventh, there were no differences in the region. The results of this study can be used as basic data for establishing policy for the promotion of educational rights for infants with disabilities.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.528-546
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• 2018

Cases of TBM tunnelling have been consistently increasing worldwide. In many recent subsea and urban tunnelling projects, TBM excavation has been preferably considered due to its advantages over drill and blast tunnelling. Difficult ground conditions are highly probable to appear in subsea and urban tunnels because of the shallow working depth and alluvial characteristics. Under the difficult ground conditions, ground reinforcement measures should be considered including grouting, while it is of great importance to select the optimal grout material and injection method to cope with the ground condition. The benefits from TBM excavation, such as fast excavation, increased safety, and reduced environmental impact, can be achieved by applying appropriate ground reinforcement with the minimum overrun of cost and time. In this report, various grouting methods were reviewed so that they can be applied in difficult ground conditions. In addition, domestic and international cases of successful ground reinforcement for difficult grounds were introduced for future reference.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.107-120
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• 2001

This study is concerned with providing a reliable procedure of calibrating a set of places specific distance parameters and with applying it to U.S. inter-State migration flows between 1985 and 1900. It attempts to conform to recent advances in quantitative geography that are characterized by an integration of ESDA(exploratory spatial data analysis) and local statistics. ESDA aims to detect the spatial clustering and heterogeneity by visualizing and exploring spatial patterns. A local statistic is defined as a statistically processed value given to each location as opposed to a global statistic that only captures an average trend across a whole study region. Whereas a global distance parameter estimates an averaged level of the friction of distance, place-specific distance parameters calibrate spatially varying effects of distance. It is presented that a poisson regression with an adequately specified design matrix yields a set of either origin-or destination-specific distance parameters. A case study demonstrates that the proposed model is a reliable device of measuring a spatial dimension of migration, and that place-specific distance parameters are spatially heterogeneous as well as spatially clustered.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.495-501
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• 2019

Aloin [1,8-Dihydroxy-10-(${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-9(10H)-anthracenone], is a natural anthraquinone from aloe. It has been shown to have antioxidant and anticancer effects in various types of human cancer cells, but the anticancer effects of aloin in human colorectal cancer cells HT-29 have not been elucidated. In this study, possible mechanisms by which aloin exerts its apoptotic action in cultured human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells were investigated. The results of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay shows that treatment with aloin (0, 100, 200, 300 and $400{\mu}M$) reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner in HT-29 and showed no effects on cell proliferation in A375SM and AGS cells. In addition, it was confirmed that apoptotic body was significantly increased as shown by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, and increased apoptosis rate by flow cytometry in HT-29 cells treated with aloin (0, 200 and $400{\mu}M$). We confirmed by western blotting that aloin activated Bax (pro-apoptotic), cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3, -8 and Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic) were not changed compared with the control. Aloin induced up-regulation of phospho-p38 and down-regulation of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. Therefore, aloin suppressed the growth inhibitory effects by the induction of apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells and has potential as a cancer preventive medicine.

• 방재와보험
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• s.23
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• pp.54-55
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• 1984

화재로 인한 재해보상과 보험가입에 관한 법률 제2조 제3호 및 동법시행령 제2조에서 정한 특수건물(4층이상의 건물, 국유건물, 교육시설, 백화점, 시장, 의료시설, 흥행장, 숙박업소, 공장, 공동주택등)에 해당되는 모든 대상건물은 동법 제5조에 의거 보험가입이 의무화 되어 있읍니다.

• Aerospace Industry
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• v.39
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• pp.46-49
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• 1996

전쟁의 양상이 점점 첨단 기술화 되는데 따라 군용 항공기의 용도 역시 다양하고 다기화 될 수 밖에 없다. 그래서 특수 임무를 수행하는 특별기가 만들어지고 실전에서 그 효력이 유감 없이 증명된 예가 허다하다. 여기 소개하는 전자 전술전용 항공기도 그런 특수 용도기 중의 하나이다. 미국이 개발하고 발전시킨 전자전술기의 전모를 소개해 본다.

• 프린팅코리아
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.109-111
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• 2008

2007년에는 인터넷의 광고비가 잡지의 광고비를 추월했다. 이런 현상은 전자미디어의 활용이 지속적으로 확대되고 있으며 다매체 미디어 시대로 전환되고 있다는 것을 뜻한다. 그런 가운데 인쇄의 유효성은 다시 각광 받고 있다. 다른 미디어가 할 수 없는 오감에 호소하는 특수한 인쇄 및 가공을 활용함으로써 부가가치를 창출하는데 유용하다는 인식이 확산되고 있는 것이다. 최근 들어 관심을 끌고 있는 제품과 기법을 소개한다.

• 방재와보험
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• s.58
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• pp.60-64
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• 1993

본 자료는 특수건물이 신체손해배상 특약부 화재보험에 가입하면 풍수재로 인한 손해를 별도의 보험료 부담없이 담보토록 확대된 1984년부터 1993년까지 9년간의 풍수재해 1,960 건을 중심으로 본 협회가 풍수재해 현황을 분석, 발간한 "풍수재 위험관리"중에서 발췌한 것이다.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 1996

최근 영상 정보의 중요성에 따라 기존의 2차원적인 TV에서는 얻을 수 없는 입체감을 가지고 있어 현실감 있게 화상을 볼 수 있는 입체 TV 개발에 관한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 특수안경을 사용하는 입체 TV 및 특수안경을 사용하지 않고도 입체감 있는 화상을 볼 수 있는 입체 TV 등 최근 세계적으로 활발히 연구되고 있는 각종 입체 TV 기술에 관해 소개하였다.

• 베이커리
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• no.2 s.391
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• pp.28-47
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• 2001

베이커리 업계에서 제2의 특수 절이라고 불리 우는 발렌타인데이와 화이트데이 어느 순간부터인지 갖가지 아이디어 제품과 다양한 가격대의 제품을 구비한 팬시점에 밀려 제과점 매출이 하락되고 있는 실정이다. 특수절의 판매경쟁에서 매출신장을 기대하기 위해서는 꾸준한 제품개발과 포장 법 연구가 요구된다. 이에 제품특집에서는 이번 발렌타인데이와 화이트데이에 인기를 끌 수 있는 제품을 선정, 올해 새롭게 선보인 상자, 바구니와 더불어 소개한다.