• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.94-99
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• 2007

The spontaneous regression (SR) of cancer is defined as the complete disappearance of a malignant disease without adequate treatment. SR is a very rare biological event, particularly in a pulmonary sarcoma. We report the first documented case of an endobronchial sarcoma that regressed spontaneously in Korea. We encountered a rare case of a 72-year-old woman with an undiagnosed intrapelvic cystic mass, who presented with a smooth surfaced endobronchial tumor obstructing the orifice of the right lower lobe bronchus on a bronchoscopic examination. She had a prior history cervical cancer and adenocarcinoma in the right middle lobe lateral segment of her lung for which she had undergone radiation therapy. The tumor was diagnosed as an endobronchial sarcoma by the histopathology findings and immunohistochemistry. It was unclear if the tumor was a primary sarcoma of the lung or a metastatic lesion of an intrapelvic cystic mass because she refused a diagnostic exploratory laparotomy. Two months later, obstructive pneumonia of the right lower lobe with parapneumonic effusion developed with fever above 38.5degrees C for 10 days. After recovering from pneumonia, she was followed up regularly in the outpatient clinic without any specific treatment. One year later after treating the obstructive pneumonia, the follow-up bronchoscopy revealed complete SR of endobronchial sarcoma. It is believed that the obstructive pneumonia accompanied by fever above 38.5degrees C for 10 days might have played a role in this SR.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.624-628
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• 2007

Between 2001 and 2006, 3 neonates that had multilevel left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and a ventricular septal defect underwent the Norwood-Rastelli procedure. The body weights ranged from 2.9 to 3.1 kg. The patients had a near normal sized mitral valve and left ventricle. We simultaneously performed a modified Norwood procedure with native tissues-to-tissue anastomosis without circulatory arrest, and a Rastelli type procedure using a non-valved conduit from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery and intracardiac patch baffling from the left ventricle to the pulmonary valve via the ventricular septal defect. The postoperative courses were uneventful. During follow-up, there was one late mortality caused by a cardiac catheterization related complication at 7 months after surgery, One patient required a Rastelli conduit change. Two patients are doing well during a follow-up period of 1 and 5 years, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2002

This study was conducted to develop a method for direct determination of phagocytic activities in human circulatic systems and to measure the phagocytic activities in human leukocytes from the alcoholics, since phagocytic activity was considered to be very important in human immune mechanism at early stage for the health care of the alcoholics. The subjects for this study were 130 among which 95 males and 3 females were diagnosed as alcoholism and 32 was healthy blood donors. A thin layer of heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I was placed on a plastic dish and reacted with whole blood to measure the phagocytic plaque formation by human leukocytes. In order to determine the health conditions of the subjects, some clinical laboratory tests, such as white blood cell counts, hemoglobin contents (Hgb), mean corpuscular volume of red blood cells(MCV), serum electrophoresis, B and T-lymphocytes, T-lymphocyte subtypes and phytohemagglutination test were also implemented. Compared to the non-alcoholism, new and old alcoholic inpatients showed statistically significant differences on levels of Hgb and MCV (p<0.05), but showed that T and B-lymphocyte numbers decreased and Helper T cell/Suppressor T cell ratio ($1.6{\pm}0.8$%) increased. Compared to non-alcoholism, phagocytic plaque activities of leukocytes from alcoholic patients decreased significantly and an unusual pattern in phagocytic plaque was observed, showing a strange body and chain shaped phagocytosis. Based upon these results, it is concluded that a phagocytic-plaques of Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I by leukocytes was very simple and useful method for the early immunological determination of phagocytic activities in alcoholic patients without requiring any special equipments.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1081-1082
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• 2003

교육인적자원부에서는 학교급식의 안전성 확보를 위하여 1999년에 특별정책 연구를 실시하여 학교급식 HACCP 일반모델을 개발 보급하고 2001년부터는 규모가 큰 학교에서 조리실이 설치된 모든 급식학교로 점진적으로 적용을 확대하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 학교급식에서 식중독 사고는 증가 추세에 있으므로 학교급식에서의 HACCP 시스템을 재진단하고 수행도가 낮은 중점관리점의 문제점을 짚어내는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대전지역의 초, 중, 고등학교 영양사 153명을 대상으로 위생관리 직무 수행도와 HACCP의 일부 CCP (중점관리점)수행도, HACCP에 대한 인지도, 급식시설현황 등에 대하여 조사하고 변인간의 관련성을 분석하였다. 조사 대상자는 초등학교 영양사 56.5%, 중학교 영양사 25.5%, 고등학교 영양사 17.6%이었으며 4년제 대학 졸업자가 51.0%로 가장 많았고 연령은 30-34세가 36.6%, 35-40세가 21.6%로 30대가 대부분이었다. 근무경력은 평균 5.8년이었으며 영양사 1인당 담당하는 평균 학생수는 1,163명, 조리종사원 1인당 배식 아동수는 평균 124명이었다. 배식방법은 교실배식이 56.2%, 식당배식 34.6%, 교실과 식당의 혼합형태가 9.2%로 교실배식이 차지하는 비율이 많았고 직영급식이 90.2%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 위생관리 영역의 수행도는 개인위생관리 부문이 가장 높았고 기기설비 위생관리, 저장관리, 교차오염관리, 시간관리, 온도관리 순으로 나타났으며, 특히 온도관리 수행도는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 식당배식을 실시하는 학교의 온도관리 수행도가 다른 그룹에 비해 높았고 직영급식의 시간관리수행도가 위탁급식 보다 높았다. 영양사의 연령과 근무경력이 증가할수록 모든 위생관리영역에서 수행도가 높아지는 경향을 보였다. CCP별 수행정도 평가에서는 ‘운반 및 배식과정(CCP7)’이 가장 높은 수행도를 나타냈고 그 다음으로는 ‘검수’, ‘식품취급 및 조리과정’, ‘식품접촉 표면 세척 및 소독과정’, ‘식단의 구성’, ‘생채소 및 과일의 소독’, ‘잠재적으로 위험한 식단의 관리’ 순으로 나타났다. ‘운반 및 배식과정의 수행도’는 식당배식이 유의적으로 높은 점수를 보였고 CCP8(식품접촉표면의 세척 및 소독)를 제외한 모든 영역에서 직영급식이 위탁급식에 비해 높은 유의성을 나타내었다. 또한 근무경력과 연령이 많을수록 모든 CCP영역에서 높은 수행도를 보였다. CCP1과 CCP2의 수행도가 낮은 주된 이유로 ‘CCP1과 CCP2의 관리기준이 이해하기 어렵다’이었다. 학교 급식관리 영양사의 HACCP시스템에 대한 지식 및 이해 정도를 조사한 결과 HACCP 인지도 점수의 평균은 총 100점 만점에 전체 평균 점수는 74.9점이었다 CCP별 점수분포는 CCP7의 인지도 점수가 가장 높았고 CCP6, CCP1, CCP5, CCP3, CCP8, CCP2의 순으로 절차 낮아졌다. 정규직의 HACCP인지도 점수가 위탁직 보다 높았으며 근무경력에서도 경력이 3년 미만인 경우가 가장 낮고 8년 이상인 경우가 가장 높은 점수를 보였다. 급식시설면은 보온보냉시설을 갖춘 학교가 온도관리 부문에서 갖추지 않은 학교보다 높은 수행도를 나타냈고, 전처리실과 손 소독기가 있는 학교는 교차오염관리 부문에서 높은 수행도를 보였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.203-215
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• 2019

This study was conducted to identify the utilization of public health centers, as well as the individual characteristics and regional characteristics that affect their utilization based on data from the 2016 Community Health Survey, National Statistical Portal, and National Institute of Environmental Research. Independent samples t-tests, variance analysis, and multiple logistic regression analysis were used for analysis. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze individual and regional characteristics. The results of hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that aged regions, women, older age individuals, respondents with lower education level and income level, walking practitioners, nutrition label readers, individuals experiencing depression, those who have received health checkups, those who are not covered by essential care, those who have spouses, and basic livelihood beneficiaries have increased use of public health centers. However, the use of public health centers decreased in stressors, and regions in which the population per 1,000, number of health care workers, health and welfare budget, fiscal independence, and unemployment rate were above the national average. As above, the central government and local governments need to analyze not only individual characteristics such as health behavior and psychological factors, but also regional characteristics, when establishing local health care policy.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.122-143
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• 2010

The Shilla Stone Monument in Jungseongri was found during the road-construction in Pohang. It has approximately two hundreds of letters inscribed on the surface of one side, and it is estimated to be older than Shilla Stone Monument in Naengsuri which had been known for the oldest stele in Shilla Period. This monument is made of fine to medium-grained biotite granite, while the Shilla Stone Monument in Naengsuri is made of fine-grained granodioritic porphyry bearing feldspar and amphibole phenocrysts. Both rock types of the monuments are interpreted to be cognate with biotite granite in Shinkwangmyeon, and with granodioritic porphyry in Gigyemyeon. They are characterized by xenolith and miarolitic cavity. Damage aspects in both monuments are discoloring, cracking and breaking. These damages do not cause structural instability of the monuments, but attenuate aesthetic value. Black and brown discoloring contaminants on the surface of the Jungseongri Monument contain a high amount of manganese and iron. As a result of ultrasonic test, both monuments were evaluated to be medium-weathered (MW), although the velocity of the Shilla Monument in Jungseongri was slightly lower than the Shilla Monument in Naengsuri. This is because the Monument in Juengseongri had been exposed to outdoor environment for long time until the discovery. It is necessary for Shilla Monuments to be protected by appropriately environmental control and management.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 2019

Purpose: We investigated the clinical features and epidemiology of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) from year 2006 to 2015 in Changwon city, Korea. Methods: We reviewed medical records of 69 patients diagnosed with SSSS from year 2006 to 2015. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by agar dilution method. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was phenotypically identified by oxacillin susceptibility testing and genotypically confirmed by the existence of the mecA gene. Results: The median age of patients was 2.0 years (range 0.2-6 years). Three (4.3%), 53 (76.8%), and 13 (18.9%) patients showed the generalized type, the intermediate type, and the abortive type, respectively. Patients occurred throughout the year, but most patients occurred between July and October. MRSA was isolated from 54 of the 60 patients regardless of the clinical types. All patients recovered without any complications. Conclusions: There was a constant occurrence of SSSS patients caused by MRSA in Changwon area during 2006 and 2015. It is needed to constantly monitor the occurrence of patients with SSSS.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2021

According to International Associating for the Study of Pain (IASP) definition, neuropathic pain is a disorder characterized by dysfunction of the nervous system that, under normal conditions, mediates virulent information to the central nervous system (CNS). This pain can be divided into a disease with provable lesions in the peripheral or central nervous system and states with an incorporeal lesion of any nerves. Both conditions undergo long-term and chronic processes of change, which can eventually develop into chronic pain syndrome, that is, nervous system is inappropriately adapted and difficult to heal. However, the treatment of neuropathic pain itself is incurable from diagnosis to treatment process, and there is still a lack of notable solutions. Recently, several studies have observed the responses of CNS to harmful stimuli using image analysis technologies, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and optical imaging. These techniques have confirmed that the change in synaptic-plasticity was generated in brain regions which perceive and handle pain information. Furthermore, these techniques helped in understanding the interaction of learning mechanisms and chronic pain, including neuropathic pain. The study aims to describe recent findings that revealed the mechanisms of pathological pain and the structural and functional changes in the brain. Reflecting on the definition of chronic pain and inspecting the latest reports will help develop approaches to alleviate pain.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.54
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• pp.155-184
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• 2020

This study aims to examine the system for gender rights in arts and cultural industry triggered by #Metoo movement and to suggest action plans to improve gender equality. Up until now, Korean government launched 'Pan-governmental Counter Plan', 'Recommendation of the Special Center for Investigating Sexual Harassment and Sexual Violence in Arts and Cultural Industries' 'the Primary and Secondary Supplemental Measures to Eradicate Sexual Harassment and Sexual Violence in the Arts and Cultural Sector by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism in Korea', and '2030 Cultural Vision'. Korean government has designed the system to protect gender rights using these proposals. Implemented policies can be grouped into 4 different categories; protecting victims, punishing abusers, implementing preventive measures, and reforming legal system. However, despite Korean government's multilateral efforts, continuous criticism aroused as policies failed to witness actual impacts in the industry. Given the fact that 2 years have passed since the launch of gender equality policy in cultural sector, this is the right time to discuss the current status and ways to improve it. For above reasons, research was conducted on documents including, but not limited to, government publications and an analysis of interviews with 9 major stakeholders of policy planning and implementation. During the study, interviews were analyzed using the qualitative research program MAXQDA. As a result, 5~10 problems were revealed in each category of the system. Furthermore, meaningful correlation has been found in improvement areas suggested by the interviewees. This connection implies that the policy for gender rights in arts and cultural industry shall be developed organically in order for the system to work.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2021

Propionic acidemia (PA) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder, due to the deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). PCC is the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of propionyl-CoA to D-methylmalonyl-CoA, and it is critical for the metabolism of amino acids, odd-chain fatty acids, and side chains of cholesterol. The clinical manifestations present mostly at the neonatal period with life-threatening metabolic acidosis and hyperammonemia. Here, we described a case of a 16-year-old Korean boy with late-onset PA who presented with embolic cerebral infarction due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) with left ventricular noncompaction. And he has family history of sudden cardiac death, so we performed metabolic screening and genetic tests. Elevated levels of 3-hydroxypropionic acid, methylcitric acid and propionylglycerine were detected in urine. Plasma acylcarnitine profile showed elevated propionylcarnitine (C3). Diagnosis of PA was confirmed by genetic analysis, which revealed compound heterozygous mutations, c.[1151T>G] (p.[Phe384Cys]) and c.[1228C>T] (p.[Arg410Trp]) in PCCB gene. His heart function is in improving state and the results of biochemical analysis are stable with heart failure medication and metabolic managements. We present a case of patient without episodes of metabolic decompensation who manifests DCMP as the first symptom of PA.