• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.49-72
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• 2020

In a rapidly changing environment, public libraries need performance measures that can comprehensively represent their activities in order to respond to various changes, demonstrate social value, and justify input resources. However, most of the performance evaluations have been focused on specific areas or specific analysis methods. Therefore, this study looked at the efforts of advanced countries of overseas libraries to develop performance evaluation tools for public libraries in order to develop performance management tools for domestic public libraries. The implications were derived by reviewing and analyzing the direction, evaluation system, and major performance evaluation areas of public library performance evaluation. The main result was that the perspective of public library performance evaluation was shifting from input-output-oriented to outcome or impact, and the performance evaluation area was linked to the development strategy of public libraries or the role of the library. And, the government and institutions were working together to establish an evaluation system for performance management of public libraries.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.5 s.91
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• pp.45-56
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• 2006

In order to construct an information pool on the production characteristics and efficiency of Korean railroad industry, various alternative approaches have to be applied. In this paper we present an empirical application of the distance function to measure the technical efficiency and the production characteristics of Korean railroad industry, The distance function firstly introduced by Shephard (1953) provides the advantage that it does not need information about prices, so it can accommodate the multiple output nature of the railway only using the quantifies as data. This is of great relevance in the context of the public sector such as railroad industry where there are often distinct control mechanisms on input prices. Also the distance function allows us to obtain a measure of technical efficiency as well as a measure of production characteristics. From annual data on Korean railroad industry during 1964-2004, multiple output distance function is estimated using quadratic programming model. The resulting technical efficiency estimates has tended to be improved over the period $1980{\sim}2004$. The indirect Morishima elasticities of substitution indicate that the substitutabilities for labor are relatively very low or impossible. The average scale elasticity is 2.7 which means that increasing the scale by 1per cent will result in an output increase by 2.7 percent. This result indicates that economies of scale are present in the Korean railroad industry.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.196-207
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• 2023

As part of measures to address the climate crisis, buses are also being converted to electric and hydrogen buses. Local authorities need to prioritize carbon emissions when allocating newly introduced and converted electric and hydrogen buses, and as a method, consider the introduction of Low Emission Bus Zones (LEBZ) to propose the reduction of pollution from specific links. To introduce LEBZ, it is necessary to compare the carbon emissions before and after its implementation, yet there is a shortage of studies that focus solely on buses or analyze the effects of introducing LEBZ to specific links. In this paper, we utilized bus information system data to calculate and compare the effects of introducing LEBZ to bus priority lanes in Jeju. We categorized scenarios into five groups, with scenarios 1 through 4 involving the introduction of LEBZ, and scenario 5 designating cases where LEBZ was not introduced. Comparative results confirmed that in scenarios with LEBZ introduction, the reduction per km reached a maximum of 0.097t per km, whereas in cases without LEBZ, it amounted to 0.022t per km, demonstrating higher efficiency. It underscores the significance of conducting carbon emission calculations and comparing the effects of LEBZ introduction using bus information system data, which can be directly applied by local authorities to make informed and rational decisions.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2013

Data envelopment analysis is a relatively new data oriented approach to evaluate the performance of a set of peer entities called decision making units which convert multiple inputs into multiple outputs. It has been extensively applied in performance evaluation and benchmarking entities such as hospitals, universities, cities, courts, and business firms. This study provides the evaluating results of the operational efficiencies of local universities using a DEA approach. In addition, we explore the difference of the efficiency between regional flagship national universities and non-flagships.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.81-94
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• 2012

On December 11, 2001, China joined the WTO and became one of the member countries and the Chinese financial markets had to be open in 5 years. So, the Chinese government transformed national commercial banks into joint-stock banks. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the validity of this decision by the Chinese government. In order to measure the efficiency of banks, the directional distance function (DDF) methodology is used, which analyzes whether a bad output exists in the outputs. In the empirical analysis, the number of staffs, the fixed assets, and the equity capital are used as inputs, while the loans and the non-performing loans ratio are used as a good output and a bad output, respectively. The non-performing loans ratio is included in output since it could affect the efficiency of banks. If it isn't considered in the analysis, a distortion might occur in analyzing the efficiency of banks. The results show that the efficiency of the major commercial banks was improved, and that the efficiency of joint-stocks banks was higher for 2002-2003 while the efficiency of national commercial banks was higher for 2004-2006. It was due mainly to the foreign exchanges reserve funds injected into national commercial banks by the Chinese Ministry of Finance, and as a result bad assets were eliminated.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.147-164
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• 2009

The short-term impact of the recent depreciation of Korean Won on the cost of the Korean logistics industry, which was caused by the global liquidity crisis began from the American financial market in 2007, is analyzed through the inter-industry analysis. The input-output data of the 2007 benchmark input-output accounts table which was most recently published by the Bank of Korea in 2009 have been utilized for the analysis. The results show that the cost of the Korean logistics industry as a whole rises 4.24% when the Korean exchange rate is depreciated by 10%. The impact of the depreciation of Korean exchange rate on the cost of the Korean logistics industry for December, 2007 ~ December, 2008 is estimated to be about 31.1 billion Won. If the Korean logistics companies should cover the rising cost of 11.7 billion Won only through sales promotion, then they should sell 1.9 times as much their current sales amount, which means 101.6 billion Won's worth of sales should be made.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.435-452
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• 2009

기업의 지속적 성장을 위해 기술혁신은 필수적이다. 그 동안 기술혁신 성과에 영향을 미치는 기업 속성을 파악하는 연구가 다양하게 진행되었는데, 기업의 전략적 관심사인 연구개발 효과성의 측면에서 분석한 연구는 많지 않다. 또한 데이터의 한계로 인해 기업의 기술경영 전략의 영향은 고려되지 못했다. 본 연구는 연구개발과 특허라는 투입-산출 관계의 연구개발 효과성에 대한 기업 속성 및 기술경영 전략의 영향을 계량적으로 분석했다. 통계청의 "기업활동실태 조사" 데이터를 이용해 국내 4,722개 연구개발 기업을 대상으로, '특허수/연구개발 투자'를 종속변수로 하는 토빗 회귀분석을 수행했다. 가설검정의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기업 규모, 다각화 등 기업 속성 뿐 아니라 기업은 전략적 제휴, e비즈니스시스템 도입 등 기술경영 전략을 통해 연구개발 효과성을 높일 수 있다. 둘째, 외국인자본비중이 높을수록 연구개발 효과성은 낮다 셋째, 연구개발 외주비중은 연구개발 효과성과 역U자형의 관계로, 연구개발 외주 비중이 31%인 수준에서 연구개발 효과성이 극대화된다. 본 연구는 기업 속성 뿐 아니라 기술경영 전략이 기업의 연구개발 효과성이라는 기술혁신의 성과에 중요함을 밝힘으로써 기업의 연구개발 전략에 대한 시사점을 제시했다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.159-168
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• 2020

This study aims to utilize DEA, analyze the efficiency of Korean coffee franchises, look into the factors that affect efficiency, and improve the efficiency of Korean coffee franchises. The main results of this study are as follows. First, according to CCR model standards, there are a total of 9 efficient coffee franchises and according to BCC model standards, there are a total of 12 efficient coffee franchises. A total of three of the inefficient DMUs were found to have a value of 1 for BCC, while the other 25 were found to be inefficient for both technology and scale. Second, of 28 franchises, 11 were analyzed to be decreasing return to scale and through future increased investments of optimum levels, business performance can be improved and efficiency can be enhanced. Analysis showed that 9 franchises appeared as CRS and it is most ideal to maintain the yield of future output elements at current levels and the work efficiency of 8 franchises in increasing returns to scale states expands as production scales increase according to specialization and role division and yield can relatively improve a lot. Third, the analysis of factors affecting the efficiency of franchises through the Tobit regression analysis showed that the number of franchises and operating periods had a positive (+) effect on efficiency. Based on this study, the efficiency of coffee franchises should be analyzed to establish strategies to maximize efficiency. Based on this study, the efficiency of coffee franchises should be analyzed to establish strategies to maximize efficiency.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.673-692
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• 2006

In order to test for the dynamic optimality condition for the use of nonrenewable resource, it is necessary to estimate the shadow value of the resource in situ. In the previous literatures, a time series for in situ price has been derived either as the difference between marginal revenue and marginal cost or by differentiating with respect to the quantity of ore extracted the restricted cost function in which the quantity of ore is quasi-fixed. However, not only inconsistent estimates are likely to be generated due to the nonmalleability of capital, but the estimate of marginal revenue will be affected by market power. Since firms will likely fail to minimize the cost of the reproducible inputs subject to market prices under realistic circumstances where imperfect factor markets, strikes, or government regulations are present, the shadow in situ values obtained by estimating the restricted cost function can be biased. This paper provides a valid methodology for checking the dynamic optimality condition for a nonrenewable resource by using the input distance function. Our methodology has some advantages over previous ones: only data on quantities of inputs and outputs are required; nor is the maintained hypothesis of cost minimization required; adoption of linear programming enables us to circumvent autocorrelated errors problem caused by use of time series or panel data. The dynamic optimality condition for domestic coal mining does not hold for constant discount rates ranging from 2 to 20 percent over the period 1970~1993. The dynamic optimality condition also does not hold for variable rates ranging from fourth to four times the real interest rate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.639-645
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the management efficiency of oak mushroom farms in Korea using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is one of the non-parametric estimation methods. The data that was analyzed in this study was from the result of 2013 survey entitled "Standard Diagnostic Table for Oak Mushroom Management", which was conducted from March 2012 to October 2012. This survey was based on the inputs and outputs of 20 oak mushroom farms. Specifically, this study analyzed the technical efficiency, pure-technical efficiency and scale efficiency using CCR and BCC model of the DEA methods. Furthermore, this study compares the management efficiency between the full time oak mushroom production farms and part time oak mushroom production farms. Results showed that mean value for the technical efficiency was 0.655 which is considered as inefficient in general. For the pure-technical efficiency and scale efficiency, the mean values were 0.830 and 0.747, respectively which showed that inefficiency in the management was observed in the mushroom farms. Results also showed that there were seven farms with a total efficiency of 1, namely Decision Making Unit(DMU)2, DMU5, DMU6, DMU8, DMU10, DMU15 and DMU20. The management efficiency of DMU7 specifically the inputs for production was analyzed and compared to DMU5 and DMU6 and results showed that the DMU7 had an excessive inoculation and site development cost. Lastly, it was also observed that the full time mushroom production farms were more efficient as compared to the part time mushroom farms because of the lower scale efficiency value or smaller area for mushroom production allotted in the part time farms.