• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.153-156
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• 1996

현재의 정보시스템이 하드웨어의 발전에 비해 늦어진 이유는 개발 단계별로 상호 일관성이 결여된 방법론을 사용하고 있고 이 방법론들이 실제의 비즈니스 프로세스(Business Process)와는 차이가 있는 형태로 구현이 되기 때문이다. 또한, 이런 방법론들이 분산조직에 사용된다면 비즈니스 프로세스가 세분화되기 때문에 문제점들이 더 깊이 심화되는 경향이 발생하게 된다. 이런 상황에 대한 해결책은 정보시스템이 비즈니스 프로세스로부터 구체적인 정보시스템의 구현에 이르기까지 일관성 있게 진행할 수 있는 방법론이 필요하다. 그러므로, 정보시스템 구현의 각 단계별로 추상과 구현방법을 구체적으로 제시하고 개념적인 무결성을 보장할수 있는 새로운 정보시스템 개발방법이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 정보시스템을 구현하기 위해서 업무분석의 과정에서부터 구현에 이르기까지 개념적인 무결성(Conceptual Integrity)을 유지하고(Brooks, 1982) 방법론상에서 중단이나 변형없이 연결되는 시스템 개발방법론인 컴퓨터 통합 비즈니스 시스템(Computer-Integrated Business System:CIBS)을 소개하고 이 CIBS가 사용하는 세부적인 객체지향 프로그래밍 방법론이 AF(Application Framework)을 설명하며, 최종적으로 이 CIBS에 의해서 구현된 정보시스템과 기존의 프로그래밍 기법으로 구현된 정보시스템과의 비교를 통해 그 장단점을 증명하고자 한다. 또한, 이 CIBS구조는 정보시스템의 단편적인 정보제공 능력을 넘어서서 비즈니스 프로세스를 개선함에 의해서 기업의 노하우를 정립하고 이를 발전시키는 정보시스템의 진보된 형태를 보여줌으로서 정보시스템의 새로운 모습과 비젼을 제시하며 혁신적인 정보시스템의 새로운 구조를 보여준다. 문제점들은 HED (Human Engineerign Discrepance) 목록으로 정리하여 설계에 반영하도록 하였다.로 마음의 안정감, 몸의 긴장 이완에 따른 건강 상태 유지, 수업 집중도 향상 등이 나타났다. 위와 같은 종합 적 분석 결과에 따라, 본 연구는 제조 현장의 생산성 향상 및 품질 향상과 연계하여 작업자의 작업 집중도 향상, 작업자의 육체적, 심리적 변화에 따른 생산성 및 품질 향상 변화 정도 등의 산업공학(인간공학) 제 분야의 여러 측면에서 연구 및 적용이 가능하리라 사료된다.l, 시험군:25.90$\pm$7.16mg/d1, 47% 감소)를 나타내었으며, 시험군의 AUC는 대조군에 비해 39% 감소하였고, 혈중 아세트알데히드의 농도는 투여 60분후 시험군(3.96$\pm$0.07nmo1/$m\ell$)이 대조군(6.45$\pm$0,64nmo1/$m\ell$)에 비해 유의성 있는 감소(39%)를 나타내었으며, 시험군의 AUC는 대조군에 비해 48% 감소하였다 한편, 시험관내 에탄올 대사 효소에 대한 바이오짐의 효과를 검색해본 결과 바이오짐(2.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/assay)에 의해 Aldehyde dehydrogenase(1.5unit/assay)의 활성이 14% 증가되었다. 본 연구의 결과로 볼 때, 비지니스 및 바이오짐은 음주 후 상승된 혈중 에탄을 농도 및 아세트알데히드의 농도를 현저히 감소시키는 효과가 있었다.량 보호 관리, 도시 소공원 개발, 역사 문화 공원 조성, 하천 공간 복원, 공원 시설 기능 개선, 이용 프로그램 개발, 공원 관리 개선, 환경 피해 녹지의 회복, 도시 환경 림 조성, 녹지 기능

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.3 s.113
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• pp.304-312
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• 2005

Effects of two endocrine disrupters (EDs) , nonylphenol (NP) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), on the population growth and morphology of two freshwater HABs (harmful algal blooms) , Microcystis aeruginosa and Stephanodiscus hantzschii, which frequently evoked the hazard bloom in an eutrophic lakes and reservoirs worldwide, were examined with seven different concentrations of EDs (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 1,2, 2.5 and 3 ppm). Even at concentration below 0.01 ppm, NP strongly inhibited the algal growth of both M. aeruginosa and S. hantzschii, regardless of the algal growth phase. Morphologically, the algal cell treated with NP gradually lost green color in cytoplasm, became smaller in cell size, and then, was hardly seen in microscopic field. On the other hand, DEHP employed did not affect two algae at all concentrations, and rather stimulated the growth by about 10% with a treatment at 3.00 ppm compared to control. These results indicate that the continuous input of EDs, DEHP into the natural water system plays a crucial role to enhance or help an outbreak of algal bloom in eutrophic waters.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.6
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• pp.885-896
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• 2003

The typws of service using location Information are being various and extending their domain as wireless internet tochnology is developing and its application par is widespread, so it is prospected that LBS(Location-Based Services) will be killer application in wireless internet services. This location information is basic and high value-added information, and this information services make prior GIS(Geographic Information System) to be useful to anybody. The acquisition of this location information from moving object is very important part in LBS. Also the interfacing of acquisition of moving object between MODB and telecommunication network is being very important function in LBS. After this, when LBS are familiar to everybody, we can predict that LBS system load is so heavy for the acquisition of so many subscribers and vehicles. That is to say, LBS platform performance is fallen off because of overhead increment of acquiring moving object between MODB and wireless telecommunication network. So, to make stable of LBS platform, in this MODB system, acquisition of moving object location par as reducing the number of acquisition of unneccessary moving object location. We study problems in acquiring a huge number of moving objects location and design some acquisition model using past moving patternof each object to reduce telecommunication overhead. And after implementation these models, we estimate performance of each model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.101-106
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• 2004

This study was conducted to examine the effect of bluefin tuna bone on the bone metabolism of the rats. Weaned 6-week old male rats were fed low-calcium diets for 2 weeks after the adjustment period. Rats were divided into 6 groups and were fed experimental diets for six weeks. Experimental groups were \circled1 Normal calcium: CC (0.5% CaCO$_3$; control) \circled2 TB (bluefin tuna bone powder) \circled3 CT (citrated bluefin tuna bone powder) \circled4 BB (bovine bone powder) \circled5 CL (calcium lactate) \circled6 Low calcium LC (0.15% CaCO$_3$). Low-calcium diet group (LC) showed the lowest calcium retention. There was no differences in calcium excretion in stool and calcium absorption among various calcium sources. Serum calcitonin levels were high in TB, CT and BB group compared to those in CC, CL LC group. Parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin levels showed no differences among experimental groups. Deoxypyridinoline (DPD) levels were significantly higher in LC group than in other groups. Wet weight of the femur were significantly high in TB and CT group, and dry weight of femur showed no differences among normal calcium groups. Bone density of femur in LC group was significantly lower than those of normal calcium feeding group, and TB group showed highest bone density among experimental groups. There was no differences in bone metabolism among various calcium sources. Therefore, it is pointed out that the amount of calcium intake is very important because there was significant differences between normal calcium diet and low calcium diet. According to the results of femur weight, ash, calcium and bone density, it is suggested that bluefin tuna bone have alternative effects to bovine bone powder on the maintenance of bone health.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.3 s.62
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• pp.421-430
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• 1997

Alveolar bone grows with development of tooth germs and roots; bone deposition occurs with tooth eruption. Bone components undergoes processes of resorption and deposition, and when the balance between them is disrupted, decrease in alveolar bone height or excessive bone deposition result. It has been hon that repositioning of teeth through orthodontic treatment can cause alveolar bone resorption which result in decreased alveolar bone height, and there have been many studies to evaluate such effects. X-ray films that could be replicated and standardized were chosen in clinical studies, and among them, bitewing films were used for objective evaluation of changes in alveolar bone level. Twenty subjects, 10 to 13-year- old (average 12.2) children with Cl I molar key, healthy oral condition, no congenital missing, no periodontal disease, and pre-and post-orthodontic bitewing films, were randomly selected for comparison of alveolar bone heights. Amounts of tooth and changes in alveolar bone heights were analyzed. The following results were obtained: 1. Amount of tooth movement in canine, premolar, and molar regions, changes in tooth axis, and changes in alveolar bone heights were measured, and the mean and median values were obtained. 2. When pre-and post-orthodontic alveolar bone levels were compared, larger changes were noticed in maxilla than mandible. 3. When mesio-distally compared, larger changes were observed in the distal sides of 3D3 and 4M3, mesial sides of 4M3 and 4D3, distal sides of 4D3 and 5M3, mesial sides of 5M3 and 5D3, md distal sides of 5D3 and 6M3. 4. When the amounts of tooth movements(TX, TY)and changes in tooth axis(A) were compared,34TX, 34TY, 34A of both sides in maxilla were greater, iud changes in alveolar bone level were greater than any other region.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.4 no.3 s.8
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• pp.33-43
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• 2005

Traffic condition monitoring system serves as the foundation for all intelligent transportation system operation. Loop detectors and Video Image Processing are the most widely common technology approach to condition monitoring in korea Highways. Lane Usage is defined as the proportion of total link volume served by each lane. In this research, the lane Usage(LU) of two lane link for one day. Interval is 56% : 44%. The LU of three lane link is 39% : 37% : 24%. The LU of four lane link is 25% : 29% : 26% : 21%. These analysis reveal that each lane distributions of link are not same. This research investigates the general concept of lane usage by using collected loop detector data and the investigated that lane distribution is different by traffic lane and lane usage is consistent by time of day.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 2001

Purpose : Proctitis is one of acute complications encountered when radiotherapy was appled to the pelvis. Radiation-induced proctitis represents similar microscopic findings that are observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the inflammatory process and many data suggest a close relationship between NO production and gastrointestinal inflammation. This study was aimed to establish the optimal radiation dose for radiation-induced proctitis in rat and to find a relationship between radiation proctitis and NO production. Materials and methods : Female Wistar rats, weighing from 150 to 220 g, received various doses(10-30 Gy) of radiation to the rectum. On the 5th and 10th day after irradiation, rectal specimens were evaluated grossly and microscopically. In addition, the degree of NO production by irradiation dose was evaluated by study with NOS expression and nitrite production in the irradiated rectal tissue. To evaluate relationship between radiation proctitis and NO, we administered aminoguanidine, iNOS inhibitor and L-arginine, substrate of NOS to rats from 2 days before to 7 days after the irradiation. Results : There were obvious gross and hostological changes after 17.5 Gy or higher radiation dose but not with 15 Gy or less radiation dose. Twenty Gy or higher dose of radiation caused Grade 4 damage in most of rectal specimens which were more likely to be related to the late complications such as fibrosis, rectal bleeding and rectal obstruction. A single fraction of 17.5 Gy to the rat rectum is considered to be an optimal dose to produce commonly experienced proctitis in the clinic. The result demonstrated that severity of microscopic damage of rectal mucosa from irradiation significantly correlated with iNOS over-expression. However, administration of iNOS inhibitor or substrate of iNOS did not influence the degree of rectal damage. Conclusion : A single fraction of 17.5 Gy irradiation to the rat rectum considered to be an optimal dose for radiation induced proctitis model. These results indicated that an excess production of NO contributes to pathogenesis of radiation-induced proctitis in part but was not the direct cause of rectal damage.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.248-259
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• 1992

질적 보장은 전문직 종사자에 의하여 수혜받는 대상자를 보호하기 위하여 전적으로 필요한 프로그램이다. 이러한 질적보장을 통하여 전문직의 자율성과 책임을 튼튼히 할 수 있는 의무는 전문직 종사자 모두의 관심사가 되어야 한다. 미국에 있어서 질적 간호에 대한 관심은 이제 새로운 이유가 아니다. Beyers(1988)는 건강체계 지도자 사이에 가장 중요한 문제로 강조하는 것이 수혜자의 이용의 용이성(Access), 숫가(Cost) 그리고 질적인 제공(Quality)이 라고 피력 하였다. 미국 건강사업 평가자와 조정자(Regulator)들은 질(Quality)을 위한 자율적인 프로그램에 많은 에너지를 투입하여 전반적인 건강사업 즉 의료계의 질보장, 더 나아가서는 간호의 질을 향상 시키기 위한 많은 프로그램을 분석 연구한다. 이 논문은 간호에 있어서 질적 보장을 위한 내용으로 주요점은 질적 보장에 사용되는 용어, 역사적 배경, 질적 보장을 강조하는 이유, 질적 보장제도의 개발, 질 사정(euali assessment)과 질적 보장에 있어서 간호 전문직 개입을 차례대로 설명하였다. 구미의 경우 1970년대부터 간호직에 있어서는 질적보장제도개발에 우선순위를 두게되어 미 간호협회에서는 Professional Standards Review Organizations (PSRO)에 근거하여 간호실무를 위한 표준을 내어놓았다. 질적보장을 위한 평가방법으로 구조, 과정, 결과 그리고 수혜자가 간호계획을 세우는데 사정에 참여하는 방법 등 4가지를 간략하게 설명하였다. 질적 보장을 향상시키기 위해서는 전문직과 공공의료기간이 서로 협동체가 되어 중추역할을 해야함을 강조하고 이렇게 서로 협력하므로써만이 비로서 우리의 목적을 성취할 수 있다고 생각된다.구 등이 이용된다. $^{166}$ Ho, $^{198}$ Au, $^{32}$P, $^{90}$ Y, $^{169}$ Er, $^{186}$ Rc, $^{131}$ I, $^{211}$ At 등 의 방사성 핵종의 교질, 미소구 또는 단세포군 항체표지 형태로 직접 종양내 또는 공동이나 체강에 투여하는 치료법이 있다. 류마치스 관절염의 슬관절에 $^{165}$ Dy colloid를 주사하는 $^{166}$ Ho-MAA도 활발히 이용되고 있다. and computed groundwater levels. 본 논문에서는 가파른 산사면에서 산사태의 발생을 예측하기 위한 수문학적 인 지하수 흐름 모델을 개발하였다. 이 모델은 물리적인 개념에 기본하였으며, Lumped-parameter를 이용하였다. 개발된 지하수 흐름 모델은 두 모델을 조합하여 구성되어 있으며, 비포화대 흐름을 위해서는 수정된 abcd 모델을, 포화대 흐름에 대해서는 시간 지체 효과를 고려할 수 있는 선형 저수지 모델을 이용하였다. 지하수 흐름 모델은 토층의 두께, 산사면의 경사각, 포화투수계수, 잠재 증발산 량과 같은 불확실한 상수들과 a, b, c, 그리고 K와 같은 자유모델변수들을 가진다. 자유모델변수들은 유입-유출 자료들로부터 평가할 수 있으며, 이를 위해서 본 논문에서는 Gauss-Newton 방법을 이용한 Bard 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 서울 구로구 시흥동 산사태 발생 지역의 산사면에 대하여 개발된 모델을 적용하여 예제 해석을 수행함으로써, 지하수 흐름 모델이 산사태 발생

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1509-1515
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• 2013

The term lipotoxicity has been used to describe how excess lipid accumulation leads to cellular dysfunction and death in non-adipose tissues, including skeletal muscle. While lipotoxicity has been found in cultured skeletal muscle cells with high-fat feeding, the consequences of lipotoxicity in vivo are still unknown, particularly in Type-I muscle, which is metabolically affected by lipotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet on changes in the morphology and apoptotic protein expression of Type-I muscle loss in rats. The rats were fed either a high-fat diet or a normal diet for six weeks, and then lipid accumulation, inflammation response, and nucleus infiltration were measured, and PARP protein expression was cleaved by Oil Red O staining, H & E staining, and Western blot, respectively. Lipid accumulation, inflammation response, nucleus infiltration, and cleaved PARP protein expression were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the high-fat diet group than they were in the normal diet group. The weight of Type-I muscle tended to be lower in the high-fat diet group compared to the normal diet group, but the difference was not statistically significant. These results indicate that a high-fat diet triggers cell death in Type-I muscle via lipotoxicity, which suggests that a high-fat diet may be associated with sarcopenia.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.489-497
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• 2014

We examined the effects of unripe black raspberry water extract (UBR-W) on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in mice. C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups: those administered a control diet (CTL), high-fat diet (HFD), UBR-W and simvastatin for 12 weeks. In the HFD group, LDL cholesterol were significantly higher than in the CTL group. However, the UBR-W treated group showed dose-dependent reduction of plasma LDL levels. Hepatic total lipid, TC, and malondialdehyde were significantly increased in hyperlipidemic mice. However, supplementation with either UBR-W or simvastatin effectively reduced these lipid profiles and lipid peroxidation. UBR-W increased mRNA expression of the LDL receptor, sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) compared to that observed in the HFD group. In addition, UBR-W and simvastatin showed significantly reduced oxidized LDL uptake by the scavenger receptor CD36. These results suggest that UBR-W is useful for treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and lipid peroxidation.