• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.34
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• pp.57-67
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• 2005

US GAO(US Government Accountability Office : 미국 회계감사원)는 US정부의 예산을 통합하여 관리하는 임무를 맡고 있다. 하지만 동시에 미국 내$\cdot$외의 정부정책과 활동에 관련된 정책분석, 프로그램 평가, 법적 선택 및 결정에 대한 감사역할도 하고 있다. GAO의 역할은 연방정부가 전세계에서 하고 있는, 건강보험부터 자국 안보까지의 모든 일을 포괄하고 있다. 이러한 GAO는 정부와 국회 증언에 사용될 GAO리포트를 매일 발간해 인터넷에 게시하고 있다. 지난해 12월 GAO는 미국 상원 예산위원회에 제출할 ''파트너쉽계약과 에너지절약수행계약에서의 예산과 문제점의 고찰(Partnership and Energy Savings Performance Contracts Raise Budjecting and Monioring Concerns)''이란 제목의 리포트를 발간했다. ESCO독자들에게 그 내용을 사례위주로 게재한다. 이 리포트의 전문은 미국 GAO홈페이지(www.gao.gov)에서 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.8
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• pp.49-58
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• 1999

전력산업의 전통적 구조는 수직적으로 통합된 전기사업자가 지역별로 독점사업자로 활동하며 정부가 진입과 퇴출 및 가격 잭정 등에 대하여 규제하는 형태로 되어 있다. 이 형태는 1980년대 미국의 Samuel Insull 이 전력회사 사장으로서 자신의 Chicago Edison을 수직적으로 통합된 지역독점사업자로 구조를 갖춘 이래 세계 각국에서 이것을 본받음으로써 정착된 것이다. 물론 발송전부문만 수직적으로 통합되고 배전부문은 분리 분할된 경우도 있고 반대로 송배전부문은 통합되고 발전부문은 분리 분할된 경우도 있다. 또한 소규모 독립발전사업자가 지역전기사업자와 장기전력구매계약을 맺고 전력을 납품하는 경우도 있었다. (중략)

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.103-121
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• 2017

The domestic ESCO project was introduced in 1992 as one of the energy efficiency improvement programs. In recent energy market, the changes in the market conditions such as smart grid, renewable energy, and the importance of demand response became important issues. As the diversified business models are required, examples of overseas exercises are examined. Business areas in Europe or the US where the ESCO industry has been active include measures to improve the efficiency of energy facilities in all areas, ranging from energy supply facilities and energy services to end users. This type of ESCO overseas business model can be classified into various types such as project execution method, supplier demand management, financing method, climate change and emission rights, new and renewable energy, and other criteria. In this study, we propose to adopt IEC (Integrated Energy Contracting) contract method in domestic ESCO market for additional business models. Current convention of listing the specific individual business types being allowed by regulation turned out to be obstacles to the revitalization of the related market. In order to achieve the goal of energy conservation, it is recommended, instead, to revise the current funding guidelines to be a negative system.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2002

The vertically integrated power industry was divided into six generation companies and one market operator, where electricity trading was launched at power exchange. In this environment, the profits of each generation companies are guaranteed according to utilizing strategies of their own generation equipments. This paper presents on generator maintenance scheduling and efficient bidding strategies for generation equipments through the calculation of the contract and the application of each generator cost function based on the past demand forecasting error and market operating data.

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.17
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• pp.52-55
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• 2002

''고''마크 제품이 고효율에너지기자재로 통합됨에 따라 그에 따른 지원제도가 개정됐다. 한전은 고효율 조명기기 보급사업 내용중 기존 고마크 기술규격 인정승인 기준을 고효율에너지기자재 기술규격에 적합한 제품으로 개정하고, 절전용량 총합이 6kW이상 설치 또는 교체한자에게 지급하던 것도 4kW 이상으로 낮췄다. 단, 학교나 군부대 등은 전기사용계약단위별 절전용량이 4kW 미만이라도 각 교육청이나 군부대에서 관내학교와 군부대를 일괄하여 단위공사건의 절전용량총합이 4kW이상일 경우에는 지원금을 지급한다. 개당 지급단가는 형광등용 안정기 1등용 2,800원, 2등용 4,210원, 안정기내장형 램프 2,050원이며, 신청 지원금 지급은 8월 1일부터 시행된다.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.37-56
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to present the implication for Korean firms' entry into the power market in Myanmar. This study investigated the characteristics of the Myanmar power market and analyzed SWOT, focusing on energy policy, power supply and demand, energy relations with neighboring countries and climate change issue. Opportunity factors are changes in energy strategies, the launch of an energy integration organization, changes in the power energy portfolio, rapid economic and power demand growth, and a clean development mechanism. The threats are high nonfulfillment of a contract, high power loss rates and low electricity distribution rates, increased energy exports to neighboring countries, and vulnerability to climate change. We suggest the use of CHP (Combined Heat and Power), Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), and Multilateral Development Bank (MDB).

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.201-212
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• 2016

Due to growing problems securing stable mineral and energy resources with international political and economic changes, China has dedicated itself to strategies and policies to enhance its stable mineral and energy resources security. China has established a rare earth elements(REE) industry policy after the abolition of the REE exports quota system. China's six large REE companies have also been integrated into REE mining, smelting and refining companies. Efforts have been increased to enhance China's energy security through unconventional oil and gas exploration and development investment, as well as effort in R&D. The country will focus on technology development and exploration to promote commercial production of unconventional oil and gas based on countries with shale gas. China is making long-term contracts and joint ventures to ensure the acquisition of reliable mineral and energy resources from abroad. Government of China has proposed a range of initiatives, such as the integration of resources development strategies and environmental development strategies, internationalization of resource management, supply diversification and advancement, strengthening industry linking strategy, grouping and diversification strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.582-583
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• 2021

As the production of new and renewable energy such as solar and wind power has diversified, microgrid systems that can simultaneously produce and consume have been introduced. . In general, a decrease in electricity prices through solar power is expected in summer, so producer protection is required. In this paper, we propose a transparent and safe gift power transaction system between users using blockchain in a microgrid environment. A futures is simply a contract in which the buyer is obligated to buy electricity or the seller is obliged to sell electricity at a fixed price and a predetermined futures price. This system proposes a futures trading algorithm that searches for futures prices and concludes power transactions with automated operations without user intervention by using a smart contract, a reliable executable code within the blockchain network. If a power producer thinks that the price during the peak production period (Hajj) is likely to decrease during production planning, it sells futures first in the futures market and buys back futures during the peak production period (Haj) to make a profit in the spot market. losses can be compensated. In addition, if there is a risk that the price of electricity will rise when a sales contract is concluded, a broker can compensate for a loss in the spot market by first buying futures in the futures market and liquidating futures when the sales contract is fulfilled.