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Topographic Characteristics, Formation and Classification of Soils Developed in Limestone -II. Clay Mineralogical Properties, Formation and Classification of Limestone Soils from Yeongweal Area of Gangweon-Do (석회암(石灰岩) 토양(土壤)의 지형적(地形的) 특성(特性)과 생성(生成) 및 분류(分類) -II. 강원도(江原道) 영월지역(靈越地域) 석회암(石灰岩) 토양(土壤)의 점토광물특성(粘土鑛物特性)과 생성(生成) 및 분류(分類))

  • Jung, Sug-Jae;Kim, Tai-Soon;Kim, Young-Ho;Moon, Joon
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 1990
  • Clay mineralogical properties, soil formation and classification for the limestone derived soil were discussed from the 4 soil series, Pyeongchang, Anmi, Yulgog, and Mungyeong, distributed over the area of Bangjeol-Ri, Yeongweol-Eup, Gangweon-Do. The results are as follows; 1. Kaolinite and Al-interlayered vermiculite were the main clay minerals and other minerals were illite, vermiculite, and chlorite. 2. CEC of topsoil ranged from 10.5 to 22.9me/100g and that of sub-soil ranged from 10.0 to 23.8me/100g. CEC seemed to be increased with descending from topograpical position and had slightly significant positive correlation. 3. Lithologic changes as a runction of soil depth showed smooth change for Pyeongchang, discontinuity for Anmi, unpredictability for Yulgog, and uniformity for Mungyeong series. 4. According to the new system of soil taxanomy Pyeongchang series was classified as Typic Hapludalfs, Anmi as Fluventic Eutrochrepts, Yulgog as Fluvaquentic Eutrochrepts, and Mungyeong as Aeric Haplaquepts.

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Effects of Rotatory Speed of Coating Pan on the Physical Characteristics of Coated Seeds (종자피복기의 피복통 회전속도가 피복종자의 물리적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Hur, Sam-Nam;Li, Cheng-Yun;Park, Chun-Soo;Zhang, Bo;Park, Hong-Suk
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2008
  • Using a small pilot coating pan, red clover and tall fescue seeds were coated under different rotating speed of pan(20, 30, 40, 45, 55, 60 rpm) for standardization of seed coating. Vermiculite was used as particulate matter and polyvinyl alcohol as adhesive for the coating of seeds. Coating index was calculated based on the percent singles out, percent agglomerates out, weight of particulate matter fine, percent friability, and average weight per 100 seeds to evaluate the physical characteristics of coated seeds. The coated seed of red clover under 45 rpm rotating speed of pan, was best in terms of percent singles out, percent agglomerates out, weight of fines, and average 100 seed weight. The coated seed of tall fescue under 40 rpm rotating speed of pan, showed highest percent singles out, lowest percent agglomerates out, lowest weight of fines, and heaviest average 100 seed weight. Excellent coating results were obtained with the pan speed of 45rpm for red clover and 40 rpm for tall fescue seeds. As rotatory speed of coating pan affected much to the physical characteristics of coated seeds, standardization of the speed is required before seed coating.

LAUNCH OPPORTUNITIES FOR JUPITER MISSIONS USING THE GRAVITY ASSIST (행성 근접 통과를 이용한 목성 탐사선의 최적 발사 시기)

  • 송영주;유성문;박은서;박상영;최규홍;윤재철;임조령;김방엽;김한돌
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.153-166
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    • 2004
  • Interplanetary trajectories using the gravity assists are studied for future Korean interplanetary missions. Verifications of the developed softwares and results were performed by comparing data from ESA's Mars Express mission and previous results. Among the Jupiter exploration mission scenarios, multi-planet gravity assist mission to Jupiter (Earth-Mars-Earth-Jupiter Gravity Assist, EMEJGA trajectory) requires minimum launch energy ($C_3$) of 29.231 $Km^2$/$S^2$ with 4.6 years flight times. Others, such as direct mission and single-planet(Mars) gravity assist mission, requires launch energy ($C_3$) of 75.656 $Km^2$/$S^2$ with 2.98 years flight times and 63.590 $Km^2$/$S^2$ with 2.33 years flight times, respectively. These results show that the planetary gravity assists can reduce launch energy, while EMEJGA trajectory requires the longer flight time than the other missions.

Characteristic, Genesis and Classification of Soils Derived from Coarse Grain Granitic Materials (조립질(粗粒質) 화강암(花崗巖) 토양(土壤)의 특성(特性)과 생성(生成)·분류(分類))

  • Jung, Sug-Jae;Hyeon, Geun-Soo;Moon, Yong-Taik;Jo, Young-Kil
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.3-9
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    • 1994
  • Characterstics, genesis and classification of soils derived from coarse grain granitic materials were discussed with four soil series, such as Samgag, Sangju. Sachon and Yecheon which were distributed over the area of Gangdae-Ri, Nengseo-Myeon, Yeoju-Gun, Gyunggi-Do. The results are as follows. 1. Samgag, Sangju, Sachon and Yecheon had a soil of excessively, well, imperfectly and poorly drained, thus they had a soil drainage sequence. 2. Soil textural class were from sandy loam to loam. Silt and clay content were increased with descending to the local bottom, while sand content was decreased. 3. Soils were very strongly to strongly acid and OM, CEC, exchangeable cation, and available $P_2O_5$ in soils seemed to be increased with ascending to the local boctom. 4. Kaolinite and Quartz were the dominant clay mineral and the other was Vermiculite and Illite. 5. Samgag was classified as Typic Dystrochrepts, Sangju as Dystric-Fluventic Eutrochrepts, Sachon as Aeric-Fluventic Halpaquepts, and Yecheon as Fluventic Haplaquepts.

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Suggestion of classification rule of hydrological soil groups considering the results of the revision of soil series: A case study on Jeju Island (토양통 개정 결과를 반영한 수문학적 토양군 분류 방법 제시: 제주도를 대상으로)

  • Lee, Youngju;Kang, Minseok;Park, Changyeol;Yoo, Chulsang
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.35-49
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    • 2019
  • This study proposes a new method for categorizing the hydrological soil groups by considering the recent revision results of soil series. Also, the proposed method is evaluated by comparing the categorizing result with those based on existing three different methods. As an example, the proposed method is applied to Jeju Island to estimate the CN value, which is then compared with CN values estimated by applying the existing three different methods. Summaries of the results are as follow. (1) The revision result since 2007 shows that the soil texture has been changed in the 43 soil series, the drainage class in the 1 soil series, the permeability in the 15 soil series, and the impermeable layer in the 26 soil series. (2) The categorizing result of hydrological soil groups by applying the proposed method shows that the group B is the most dominant group covering up to 49.25%. On the other hand, one of the existing method of 1987 provides the group C as the most dominant group (46.43%). Method of 1995 defines the group B as the most dominant group (27.69%). The other method of 2007 distinguishes the group D (35.82%) to be the most dominant group. (3) Also, the CN value estimated by applying the proposed method to Jeju Island is found to be smaller than those based on existing three methods. This result indicates the possible overestimation of the CN value when applying the existing three methods.

Design and Implementation of Relay File for Superdistribution of the Streaming Contents (스트리밍 콘텐츠의 초유통을 위한 중계파일 설계 및 구현)

  • Kim, Tae-Min;Yang, Young-Kyu
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.12 no.7
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    • pp.979-988
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    • 2009
  • Illegal reproductions and subsequent copyright infringement have curtailed development of digital content industry. Many DRM systems have been developed and utilized for this purpose. However, current DRM system allow only authorized user to access the contents, and as such, redistribution to other user without getting license again entails cumbersome process. Currently, super-distribution system which can be used for redistribution of downloaded contents in more streamlined fashion is being widely conducted. But for streaming type content, it is still very difficult to redistribute with super-distribution system because the client must directly connect to streaming server to access the content. Accordingly, a new DRM streaming service structure is required to allow streamed contents to be redistributed as easily as the downloaded contents. In this paper, we proposed the relay file structure that can connect the streaming server and the user for super-distribution of the streaming contents.

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Influence of Compression Ratio on Engine Performance in Heavy-duty LPG Single-cylinder Engine (대형 LPG 단기통엔진에서 압축비가 기관성능에 미치는 영향)

  • 김진호;최경호
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.160-165
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    • 2002
  • The heavy-duty LPG-fueled single cylinder engine was designed and developed as a fundamental equipment for analyzing combustion processes and emission performances. The cylinder head and the piston crown were modified to fire the LPG in the engine. The flywheel was also fabricated to minimize the vibration of the single cylinder engine. The size of bore and stroke of the tested engine are 130 mm and 140 mm, respectively. Compression ratios were varied 8 to 9 with different piston crown shapes. The developed single cylinder engine operates at 1,000 rpm for this work. The major conclusions of this work are; (1) the power of the developed engine was peaked at the condition of equivalence ratio 1.0 at three different compression ratios; (2) the power is slightly increased with the increase of compression ratio; (3) the optimum ignition timing is retarded with the increase of compression ratio ranged 2 to 10 crank angle.