• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2115-2123
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to draw a general conclusion through summing up theses on parents' need for their education up to the present. The subjects of this study are 25 masters' degree theses on parents' need for their education in the kindergarten from 2001 to 2010. The results of data on parents' education method and style were conducted by frequency analysis. Also it was surveyed if in how many theses the contents of parents' education were rated over average points by Licker. The results of this study are as follows: First, the parents think that the proper frequency of their education is once or two in a semester and the favorite time is from 10 to 12 o'clock or from 2 p. m. to 4 p.m. They also want to learn on Wednesday, Friday and Saturday. And they want a professional as their lecturer the most and then a homeroom teacher. Secondly, in the survey of their education style they like more lecture or a short course than any other thing, and then they like home messenger, group council and so on. But especially they don't like the style of visiting class, book lending, ceremony/class assistance, practice (workshop), and visiting home. Thirdly, they want to know a general guide in the kindergarten of the contents of their education a lot. And they want to know some of a budget, program, and assessment of a principal and the teachers in the kindergarten. Fourthly, they want to know all parts of the parents' roles related to rearing their children in their own elements of the contents of their education above all. And they also want strongly their free time, hobby, the liberal arts, amusement and recreation. Fifthly, in the view of infant development they want strongly to know how to communicate with their children rightly, and how to adjust their children's activities and how to praise or blame their children. And they also want how to form their children's right habit and to guide their children's right acts in the infant period the most. Lastly, they want to know children's physical development and their cognitive development in the view of infant development the most. And then they want to know the development of sociology, creativity, morality, and emotion in good order.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.2 s.60
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• pp.37-46
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• 2005

Today's advertisement is dominated by visual images, which deliver messages in the most efficient and engaging way. Vivid and live images, through multimedia, attract the viewer to consume the products being advertised. In this course, the effect of 'Verfremdung' or alienation is often detected. This terminology was at first used in a epic play of Bertolt Brecht to signify a specific effect to block the empathy of the audience by reminding them of their position as the audience separate from the play. 'Verfremdung' helps them to have a sense of objectivity and critical attitude toward the performance. Multimedia commercials nowadays exhibit such a quality together with 'viewer participation:' criticism on reality: and 'speed.' In an advertisement for Shinsegi Communications' mobile system titled <017-I-Touch series, the hand transformed into a web>, the copy, 'my blood type is 'i', ' is accompanied by six unrelated fictitious scenes in which the same ocean appears as a common denominator. Because there is no connection between the scenes, free imagination of the viewer has to be involved and thus plays a significant role in making them into a context. This fact dearly exhibit some characteristics of post- modern advertisement. Momentary 'Gap' and 'Difference' between scenes contribute to 'Verfremdung' or alienation' that makes it hard for the consumers to comprehend the content on the spot. Such an uneasy situation, however, keeps the viewers thinking about the advertisement itself. While repeatedly exposed to the alienated images, the viewers come to get involved in the advertisement, trying to make the fragmented images into a coherent context. In addition, the leaps between the scenes produce a sense of 'speed' in a context, which adds more impact to the way of delivering messages using multimedia. With the help of multimedia, 'Verfremdung: which was originally intended to bring about objective and critical altitude of the audience in a play, plays a crucial role in attracting the viewer's attention and conveying a specific message in a moment in contemporary advertisement.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2015

According to the statistics of traffic accidents over recent 5 years, traffic accidents during the night times happened more than the day times. There are various causes to occur traffic accidents and the one of the major causes is inappropriate or missing street lights that make driver's sight confused and causes the traffic accidents. In this paper, with smartphones, we designed and implemented a lane luminance measurement application which stores the information of driver's location, driving, and lane luminance into database in real time to figure out the inappropriate street light facilities and the area that does not have any street lights. This application is implemented under Native C/C++ environment using android NDK and it improves the operation speed than code written in Java or other languages. To measure the luminance of road, the input image with RGB color space is converted to image with YCbCr color space and Y value returns the luminance of road. The application detects the road lane and calculates the road lane luminance into the database sever. Also this application receives the road video image using smart phone's camera and improves the computational cost by allocating the ROI(Region of interest) of input images. The ROI of image is converted to Grayscale image and then applied the canny edge detector to extract the outline of lanes. After that, we applied hough line transform method to achieve the candidated lane group. The both sides of lane is selected by lane detection algorithm that utilizes the gradient of candidated lanes. When the both lanes of road are detected, we set up a triangle area with a height 20 pixels down from intersection of lanes and the luminance of road is estimated from this triangle area. Y value is calculated from the extracted each R, G, B value of pixels in the triangle. The average Y value of pixels is ranged between from 0 to 100 value to inform a luminance of road and each pixel values are represented with color between black and green. We store car location using smartphone's GPS sensor into the database server after analyzing the road lane video image with luminance of road about 60 meters ahead by wireless communication every 10 minutes. We expect that those collected road luminance information can warn drivers about safe driving or effectively improve the renovation plans of road luminance management.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.147-157
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• 2010

With the immergence of the iPhone, the interest in Smartphones is getting higher as services can be provided directly between service providers and consumers without the network operators. As the number of international tourists increase, individual tourists are also increasing. According to the WTO's (World Tourism Organization) prediction, the number of international tourists will be 1.56 billion in 2020,and the average growth rate will be 4.1% a year. Chinese tourists, in particular, are increasing rapidly and about 100 million will travel the world in 2020. In 2009, about 7.8 million foreign tourists visited Korea and the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism is trying to attract 12 million foreign tourists in 2014. A research institute carried out a survey targeting foreign tourists and the survey results showed that they felt uncomfortable with communication (about 55.8%) and directional signs (about 21.4%) when they traveled in Korea. To solve this inconvenience for foreign tourists, multilingual servicesfor traffic signs, tour information, shopping information and so forth should be enhanced. The appearance of the Smartphone comes just in time to provide a new service to address these inconveniences. Smartphones are especially useful because every Smartphone has GPS (Global Positioning System) that can provide users' location to the system, making it possible to provide location-based services. For improvement of tourists' convenience, Seoul Metropolitan Government hasinitiated the u-tour service using Kiosks and Smartphones, and several Province Governments have started the u-tourpia project using RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) and an exclusive device. Even though the u-tour or u-tourpia service used the Smartphone and RFID, the tourist should know the location of the Kiosks and have previous information. So, this service did not give the solution yet. In this paper, I developed a new convenient service which can provide location based information for the individual tourists using GPS, WiFi, and 3G. The service was tested at Insa-dong in Seoul, and the service can provide tour information around the tourist using a push service without user selection. This self-tour service is designed for providing a travel guide service for foreign travelers from the airport to their destination and information about tourist attractions. The system reduced information traffic by constraining receipt of information to tourist themes and locations within a 20m or 40m radius of the device. In this case, service providers can provide targeted, just-in-time services to special customers by sending desired information. For evaluating the implemented system, the contents of 40 gift shops and traditional restaurants in Insa-dong are stored in the CMS (Content Management System). The service program shows a map displaying the current location of the tourist and displays a circle which shows the range to get the tourist information. If there is information for the tourist within range, the information viewer is activated. If there is only a single resultto display, the information viewer pops up directly, and if there are several results, the viewer shows a list of the contents and the user can choose content manually. As aresult, the proposed system can provide location-based tourist information to tourists without previous knowledge of the area. Currently, the GPS has a margin of error (about 10~20m) and this leads the location and information errors. However, because our Government is planning to provide DGPS (Differential GPS) information by DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) this error will be reduced to within 1m.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.241-250
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• 2006

Hangeul as the Korean unique characters were invented according to some character-making principles and based on scholars' exhaustive researches. While most of the characters in the world evolved naturally, Hangeul was invented based on a precise linguistic analysis of the time, and therefore, it is most scientific and reasonable among various characters throughout the world. Nevertheless, Hangeul typeface designs do not seem to inherit the ideology of scientific and reasonable Hangeul correctly. For the square forms have been used intact due to the influences from the Chinese characters which prevailed during the time. If a single set of square characters should be designed, as much as 11,172 fonts should be designed, which suggests that advantages of Mangeul may not well be used fully; Hangeul was invented to visualize every sound with the combinations of 28 vowels and consonants. Problems of such square fonts began to be identified since 1900's when typewriters were introduced first from the West. Since a typewriter is designed with 28 characters laid out on its keyboard by using such combinations, the letters may be easily combined on it. The so-called the flexibility square-format typeface was born as such. Specially, the three-pairs fonts of these can be combined up to 67 letters including vowels and consonants. The three-pairs fonts system can help to solve the problems arising form the conventional square fonts and inherit the original ideology of Hangeul invention. This study aims to review the history of the three-pairs fonts designs facilitated by mechanic encoding of Hangeul and thereupon, suggest some desirable directions for future Hangeul fonts. Since the flexibility square-format typeface is expected to evolve more and more owing to development of the digital technology, they would serve our age of information in terms of both functions and convenience. Just as Hunminjongum tried to be literally independent from the Chinese characters, so the flexibility square-format typeface designs would serve to recover identity of our Hangeul font designs.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.145-154
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• 2022

Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) technology is emerging as a core technology of Future Combat Systems (FCS). Conventional ATR is performed based on IMINT (image information) collected from the SAR sensor, and various image-based deep learning models are used. However, with the development of IT and sensing technology, even though data/information related to ATR is expanding to HUMINT (human information) and SIGINT (signal information), ATR still contains image oriented IMINT data only is being used. In complex and diversified battlefield situations, it is difficult to guarantee high-level ATR accuracy and generalization performance with image data alone. Therefore, we propose a knowledge graph-based ATR method that can utilize image and text data simultaneously in this paper. The main idea of the knowledge graph and deep model-based ATR method is to convert the ATR image and text into graphs according to the characteristics of each data, align it to the knowledge graph, and connect the heterogeneous ATR data through the knowledge graph. In order to convert the ATR image into a graph, an object-tag graph consisting of object tags as nodes is generated from the image by using the pre-trained image object recognition model and the vocabulary of the knowledge graph. On the other hand, the ATR text uses the pre-trained language model, TF-IDF, co-occurrence word graph, and the vocabulary of knowledge graph to generate a word graph composed of nodes with key vocabulary for the ATR. The generated two types of graphs are connected to the knowledge graph using the entity alignment model for improvement of the ATR performance from images and texts. To prove the superiority of the proposed method, 227 documents from web documents and 61,714 RDF triples from dbpedia were collected, and comparison experiments were performed on precision, recall, and f1-score in a perspective of the entity alignment..