• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2003

No currently available methods to monitor pathogenic protozoa, Cryptosporidium and Giardia in environmental water come close to acceptable sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and so it has to be accompanied by thorough quality control and performance evaluation to credibly predict the distribution of them. We collected surface water samples from the Han River and spiked our prepared (oo)cysts, determined Matrix Spike recoveries using USEPA Method 1623 and considered what factors influence MS recovery and validity. As a result, average 46% of spiked oocysts and 60% of spike cysts were recovered, but repetitive sampling and statistical approach seemed to be necessary to determine the environmental pollution level of two protozoa as their variation coefficients was so much as 35oio and 26%. And MS recoveries with two acid dissociations during immunomagnetic separation were improved more 10% than that with one dissociations and the use of spiked suspension enumerated by flow cytometry instead of manual preparation enhanced the validity and reliability in spiking tests. Because fluorescence characteristics of (oo)cysts stained on well slides with FITC-labeled monoclonal antibodies and DAPI was not always same, well Elides from spiked field samples were helpful to evaluate the performance of staining. We found many (oo)cyst-like objects with typical fluorescence, not (co)cysts, from the Han River water samples, and then it was concluded that nuclei staining by DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and examination by Differential Interference Contrast Microscope should be critical for valid identification.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 1991

Each of SPF mice(Scl: ICR strain, 3-week-old males) was inoculated with 5$\times$104 oocysts of Cryptosporidium by stomach tube. The oocysts were large type one which was previously isolated from Korean mice, and passaged in 3-week-old SPF mice. The patterns of oocyst discharge were monitored daily, and in order to observe the ultrastructure of developmental stages the stomach of the mice was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at 4 weeks post-inoculation. The prepatent period for 6 mice was 5.6 days post-inoculation on the average, and the patent period was 63.2 days. The number of oocysts discharged per day from the mice reached peak on day 36.6 post-inoculation on the average. A large number of oocysts were found in fecal samples obtained from inoculated mice on days 30~50 post-inoculation. C. tsuris was larger than C. parvum at almost every developmental stages, the sixte difference being 1.4 times in oocysts, 2.4 times in sporozoites, 1.6 times in merozoites, and 1.5 times in microgametes. The ultrastructural features of the attachment site of C. tsuris to the mucus cells were remarkably different from those of C. parvum and its closely related species. The anterior projection of the protozoa (C. muris), the outer aspect of which was surrounded by a thick filamentous process of the host cell, has not been reported at any developmental stages of C. parvum or its closely related species. The size of the oocysts of strain RN 66 was larger than that of Korean mice origin. The above results reveal that the large type Cryptosporidium of Korean mice origin is identified as Cryptosporidium muris and this type was named as C. muris (strain MCR).

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 1991

Cryptosporidium, a coccidian protozoa, commonly causes a self-limiting diarrheal illness in humans and animals. Fecal samples from various animals in Chonbuk district were observed using Sheather's aoatation technique, Kinyoun's modified acid-fast staining, and osmic acid pre-fixed Giemsa staining. The oocysts were detected in 74 cages(29.6%) out of 250 cages of mature mice, 26 (13.3%) out of 195 mature house rats, 75 (15.0%) out of 4-week-old 500 fowls, 98(19.9%) out of 6 to 8-month-old 500 pigs, and 111(22,2%) out of 2 to 5-year-old 500 dairy cattle, respectively. The degree of prevalence was slight in general, but actual prevalence was higher than infection rate because the detection rates were higher in repeated-preparation examinations in comparison to the first examination. Meanwhile, large and small types of oocysts were detected from mice, house rats, pigs, and cattle, and midium type from fowls.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.71
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• pp.33-51
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• 2015

In South Korea, the community building projects and so-called 'community businesses' are recently regarded as one of the popular issues for the local people and social activists. The project seems to be a miracle resolution for various social matters such as the deteriorating welfare, health care, security system and the worsening income problem, etc. But these promising social discourses and practices which encourage to build communities are not only constructing 'good governance' for the sound cooperation between the state and civil society, but also allowing government technologies to manage and regulate civil society and citizens. This irony of building community is not yet thoroughly considered. The aim of this article is to ask 'Is building community good for all of people?'; 'How does community guarantee the freedom of people who participate in?'. The reflection for community in South Korean Society has related to The May 18-community in Gwangju. The May 18-community is a keystone for understanding the ethos and pathos of community. This study tries to unravel the relation between the May Uprising and the idea of community throughout affects and hearts of participants. The lived experience and testimony of the people of Gwangju in May, 1980, reveals that community should not be in an order and an notion of security. Examining hearts of members of 'whatever community' in the May Uprising is essential to imagine a new form of community which incorporates liberation and freedom as its base.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.315-324
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• 1991

Each of SPF chicken(Hi-Line strain, 2-day-old males) was inoculated with 2.5 or $5\times10^4$ oocysts by stomach tube. The oocyst was the medium type of Cryptosporidium previously isolated from Korean chicken origin, and passed in 2-day-old SPF chicken. The patterns of oocyst discharge were monitored daily, and in order to observe the ultrastructure of the developmental stages, the bursa of Fabricius of the chicken was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on the 12th day postinoculation. The prepatent period for 8 chicken was 5.9 days postinoculation on the average, and the patent period was 12.9 days. The number of oocysts discharged per day for the chicken was reached peak on day 12 postinoculation on the average. A large number of oocysts was found in fecal samples obtained from inoculated chicken on days 8~14 postinoculation. The ultrastructural feature of almost every developmental stage of the medium type from chicken was very similar to that of Cryptosporidium previously isolated from mammalia including human and birds except for the attachment site of C. tsuris to the mucus cell from mammalia, but dimension of the oocysts from fecal samples of the medium type was different from those of C. meleagridis and mammalia origin. The above results reveal that the medium type of Cryptosporidium of Korean chicken origin is identified as Cryptosporidium baileyi.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.70
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• pp.141-173
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to illuminate depersonalization in the flow of technological revolution and to present a Christian SARAMDAUM education that aims for a new human image. It represents the Christian SARAMDAUM education that adapts to, mediates, and offers alternatives to the technological and human evolutionary flow of the machine age. The purpose of education for this purpose is to aim for 'Homo Creators', creative human beings presented as a new human image in the age of technological revolution. The educational goal is to nurture creative human beings through creative interpretation, creative integration between disciplines, and personal dialogue in the post-mechanical/ post-conventional paradigm. The content of the education is a conversation with the SARAMDAUM that consiliences the characteristics of post-machine and post-convention. The educational method utilizes Edu-Tech and AIED(Artificial Intelligence in Education) to realize systemic thinking and SARAMDAUM dialogue of technology. In addition, the composition of teachers and learners, educational environment and educational evaluation is presented. The significance of this study is that from the point of view of Christian education, the identity of human beings in the era of the technological revolution has been identified, and research on the creative image of the human being is newly attempted, and the direction of Christian SARAMDAUM education aimed at this is presented. This can be said to be a Christian education that emphasizes the essential characteristics of human beings while accommodating the era of technological revolution.

• 핵융합뉴스레터
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• s.48
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• pp.20-21
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• 2010

진공(眞空), 말 그대로 텅 빈 공간을 뜻하는 단어로 철학적으로는 완전하게 빈 상태를 말하지만, 과학 기술적으로는 대기압보다 낮은 압력 상태를 진공이라 부른다. 진공을 뜻하는 영어단어 vacuum은 '비어 있음'을 의미하는 그리스어로부터 유래하는데 원자론의 창시자인 데모크리토스가 2,400년 전 자연이 원자와 진공으로 되어 있다고 주장하며 처음 등장한 것으로 꽤 오래전에 제시된 개념이다. 진공상태에서 나타나는 특성들은 다양한 산업과 공학에서 유용하게 활용되면서 현대 사회에 가장 밀접한 개념이 되고 있다. 텅 비어 있는 이 공간은 놀라울 만큼 많은 것을 얻을 수 있고 새로운 일들을 가능하게 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.309-312
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• 2008

공간 정보 기술과 컴퓨팅 기술의 발전에 따라 사용자에게 제공되는 공간 정보 컨텐츠는 날로 다양해지고 있다. 본 논문은 u-GIS의 웹2.0 및 유비퀴토스 환경을 기반으로 하는 다양한 정보를 다양한 단말 플랫폼에서 개인 맞춤형 정보를 표출 및 활용할 수 있는 컨텐츠를 지원하기 위한 마크업 언어인 ugcML의 컨텐츠 모델과 스키마를 설계하고 있다. 제안된 ugcML 컨텐츠 모델은 KML과 유사한 다양한 지리 정보, 위치 정보, 사진 정보등의 각각의 정보를 융합하여 표현할 수 있는 장점을 갖는다.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.113-126
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• 2008

This work is devoted to study about the abc conjecture: how it works in the development of the proof of Fermat's last theorem and more generally in the diophantine equation theory. And it is also studied the application of the abc conjecture to the iteration of polynomials.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.97-101
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• 1978

미더덕의 스테롤 조성을 가스크로마토그라피로 분석한 결과 22-트란스-24-놀 코레스타-22-디엔-$3\beta$-올이 $1.3\%$, 22-데하이드로콜레스테롤이 $5.1\%$ 콜레스테롤이 $33.1\%$, 브라시카스테롤이 $26.2\%$, 24-메칠렌콜레스테롤 $13.1\%$, 스티그마스테이 $7.1\%$, $\beta$-시토스테롤이 $10.9\%$, 푸코스테롤이 $3.1\%$였다.