• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.460-479
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• 2021

The crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in education systems worldwide, including in Korea. Due to COVID-19's social distancing policies, the education system was suddenly switched to distance learning, resulting in many problems in primary schools without preparation. The purpose of this study was to investigate a teacher's awareness of science education techniques, responses to issues in science classes, including inquiry activities, advantages and disadvantages, and roles after experiencing distance learning. Survey and focus interviews were conducted for primary school teachers who had previously participated in distance learning, such as online content classes and real-time interactive classes. The study findings showed three conclusions: 1) Primary school teachers conducted one-way and interactive lectures in online classes. It is vital to improve a teacher's digital literacy to improve other teaching methods such as investigation and discussion in online classes. 2) Primary school teachers acknowledged the challenges of field feedback, inquiry item preparations, and safety in inquiry activities of science classes, by providing individual experimental packages and videos and using online discussion and feedback among teacher - student and student - student interactions. 3) Primary school teachers recognized that various types of classes using IT devices and individualized learning were possible as advantages of distance learning. As for disadvantages, it was acknowledged that inquiry activities, cooperative learning, immediate feedback, and interaction among students were challenging. Furthermore, learning gaps were wider in distance learning.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.681-692
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the teaching-learning effect of using self-regulated learning strategy on experimental classes for the 'kinetics' unit of 10th grade science textbook. Six classes were chosen and classified into two groups: the first group, the control group, was taught with the regular laboratory activity and the other group, the experimental group, was taught with the teaching-learning method using self-regulated learning program. After the laboratory activity for the unit using self-regulated learning program, the mean values of the scientific inquiry, scientific attitudes, and performance assessment of the experimental group were larger than those of the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups in the post-test. With the results of the post-test for the experimental group, the self-regulated learning program has significant relationships on scientific inquiry, scientific attitudes, and scientific achievements.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.146-161
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• 2005

This case study searched two secondary school science teachers' faiths on experiments in science classes. For this study, scaled questionnaires, open-ended questionnaires, structured and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Classroom activities were observed, and instructional plans and materials were collected. In addition, students of the two teachers' classes were interviewed with respect to their thoughts on the lessons. Data sources were analyzed inductively. The triangulation and the member checking guaranteed the validity of this study. As the results, the teachers' faiths on experiments were related to the constructivism, but the faiths were not in accord with their classroom practices. From these results, it was concluded that the teachers' misjudgments about the students' inquiry levels and unfit reorganizations of the experimental activities were the causes of the gap between the teachers' faiths on experiments and classroom practices.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.405-420
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to contrive the specific teaching plans based on the frame of 2007 revised science curriculum for applying open-inquiry lesson in real education situation and to research the effects of open-inquiry lesson on the student's science-related attitude, science process skill, and to investigate instructing teachers' cognition about open-inquiry. For this study, two fifth grade classes were chosen, one class was the experimental group, who were taught by open-inquiry based lesson, and another was the comparative group, who were taught by traditional method based lesson. The findings of this study were as follows: After open-inquiry lesson, the experimental group students came to enjoy open-inquiry learning and had the positive thought about it. After open-inquiry lesson, the experimental group marked higher mean score than the comparative group in science-related attitude's field but didn't showed the meaningful difference. On the other hand, in science process skill's field, the experimental group showed the significant higher improvement than the comparative one, especially in the subordinate area of basic science process skill. Finally, teachers who instructed students open-inquiry lesson thought open-inquiry lesson is the self-directed problem solving learning which raise the student's science process skill and interest. And the teachers thought the obstacles to instruct open-inquiry lesson are the lack of the student's cognition about open-inquiry and the insufficient circumstance for open-inquiry lesson. Therefore the teachers argued that the prerequisite for settling open-inquiry lesson successfully is to develope open-inquiry lesson curricula and teaching materials.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.544-556
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in beginning science teachers' inquiry-oriented teaching practice through mentoring program. Participants in this study are three mentor teachers and three beginning teachers. The three beginning teachers are middle school science teachers who have less than four years teaching experience. Also three science teachers participated in the program as mentors, who have more than twelve years teaching experience. We collected data such as video recordings of beginning teachers' classes, lesson plans, recordings of one to one mentoring and RTOP class observation reports. Mentor teachers observed and analyzed five classes of each beginning teacher. Before the mentoring program, beginning teachers' teaching methods were more concept-oriented and teacheroriented. They rarely used inquiry-elements including prediction, reasoning, hypothesizing and students were not actively engaged in communicative interactions in a classroom. But during the mentoring program, these teachers recognized and responded to student diversity and encouraged all students to participate in science learning. Beginning teachers' teaching methods have changed to become student-oriented, teachers and students collaborated in pursuit of ideas, and students often initiated new activities relevant to an inquiry. As a result, this mentoring program provided beginning teachers the opportunities to reflect on their own teaching and reform their classes. The results show that school-centered mentoring program is helpful to enhance beginning science teachers' inquiry-oriented teaching ability.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.02a
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• pp.213-222
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 고등학생들의 창의성을 신장시키고자 렌줄리의 3단계 학습모형에 적용하여 전향력 탐구활동 프로그램을 개발 하였고, 현장에 적용 후 그 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 실험집단에는 창의성 신장을 위한 전향력 탐구활동 프로그램을 적용하였고, 통제집단에는 전통적인 교수 학습을 적용하였다. 창의성의 신장 정도와 전향력 개념의 이해 정도를 측정하고자 사전 사후 검사로 창의성은 토렌스의 창의성 검사(TTCT)로, 전향력 개념은 성취도 검사로 알아보았다. 그 결과 실험집단이 전향력 개념 성취도 검사 결과 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타나고, 창의성 검사(TTCT)에서도 실험집단의 사전 검사보다 사후 검사에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 학생들이 본 수업 프로그램의 과정을 통해 평소 어렵다고 생각했던 전향력 개념을 쉽게 이해할 수 있었기 때문이다. 이러한 연구 결과는 전향력 탐구 활동 프로그램은 고등학생들의 창의성을 신장시키고 전향력 개념에 대한 이해도를 높일 수 있었다고 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.637-646
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Microcomputer Based Laboratory (MBL) on the middle school students' graphing skill and science process skill in Earth Science classes. MBL teaching materials for inquiry-based instructions were developed to teach five experimental topics related to the middle school 'Earth Science.' Thirty three middles school students participated in this study, and the pre- and post-tests were conducted. Results indicated as follow: First, MBL classes were effective in developing the graphing skill of middle school students. They were efficient both in graph construction and graph interpretation, especially in data transformation. Second, MBL classes were effective in helping participants to use science process skills, especially, in the subordinate areas including formulating hypotheses, making operational definition, graphing, and interpreting data.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.78-87
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the argumentation of middle school students during the argument-based inquiry. A total of sixty eight 8th grade middle school students participated in this study and they performed six argument-based inquiry programs. Data were collected from two of the latest programs by audio-recording and transcription of each group engaging in argumentation. The study findings showed that; first, the most frequent element of argumentation in the all of stages of the two programs was following order: 'claim' and 'request and response' and 'simple agreement'. The most active argumentation was showed at the designing experiments stage and the most inactive was showed at the generating questions stage. Second, as a result of analyzing the argumentation level for each stage of the argument-based inquiry, a high level of argumentation was shown at the claim and evidence stage, and a low level of argumentation was shown at the generating questions stage in the argumentation structure. As a result of the validity of argumentation, the validity of argumentation was the highest level in the claim and evidence stage.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.203-213
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of student assessment activities on claim and evidence formation in argument-based inquiry (ABI) for high school students. The participants of the study were 166 grade 10 students from six different classes in the same high school. The experimental group (84 students) was taught Argument-Based Inquiry with students' self and peer assessment activities. The comparative group (82 students) was taught without the activities. Over one semester students participated in five ABI programs that we developed. According to the analysis of the claim and evidence from groups, the experimental group had a significantly higher mean score than the comparative group. The result of analysis of students' assessment in the experimental group, the frequency about accurate and sufficient evidence revealed to be high and students assessed whether peers' claims fit with the evidence and whether peers' explanations of the evidence's validity was sufficient. Students' answers in the survey and interviews showed that the students though they could improve the accuracy of their ideas, appropriateness of their evidence, and the method of presenting evidence based on the assessment results.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.299-313
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• 2018

Inquiry-centered education is important in science education, but in the actual education field, scientific research is being done in a uniform manner due to realistic difficulties. In this study, we use RS (Reverse Science) as a secondary chemistry class to provide opportunities for students to engage in inquiry learning and scientific thinking through process-oriented activities. In this study, we developed and applied it to explore the effects on the scientific inquiry abilities of middle school students and checked the students' perception of it. For the application of the program, 128 students were selected from 6 classes of the 2nd grade in D district middle school, 64 from the experimental group and 64 from the comparative group. The experimental group taught RSP-based the chemistry inquiry programs and the comparative group taught instructor-led classes and verification experiments on the same topic over the seventh hour with three themes. In addition, we analyzed the results of the pre- and post-test by using the science inquiry ability test, and discussed the effects of the program based on the students' perceptions through class observation, student activity area, questionnaire and interview. As a result, the class using the program showed statistically significant changes in the science inquiry ability of secondary school students. Specifically, the experimental group was found to be significant in its prediction among the subcomponents of basic exploration ability compared to the comparative group. The differences have also been shown to be significant in terms of data translation, hypothesis setup and variable control, which are subcomponents of integrated exploration capabilities (p <. 05). In addition, students became interested in the process of creating the theory of science, and were highly interested in collaborating with their friends. It also provided students with opportunities to experience scientific thinking through process-oriented inquiry. Finally, based on the positive impact of the RSP-based chemistry inquiry program on students, we were able to identify the potential use of the program.