• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.305-312
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• 2021

This study examines the damage to the submarine's escape trunk hatch spring through microstructure analysis. The cause of the escape trunk's damage during the submarine's construction and its improvement measures were reviewed. To determine the cause of breakage of the escape trunk spring, samples were taken from the damaged product and analyzed for chemical composition, hardness, and microstructure. In particular, the breakage part of the spring was analyzed in-depth by using a scanning electron microscope to determine the cause of corrosion destruction. Finally, a spring shape design method was proposed through the investigation of the cause of spring breakage. In addition, a newly improved spring was produced by applying a nylon coating with excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance. Applying to an actual submarine trunk hatch revealed that the coating peeling phenomenon due to the contact between the springs is significantly improved when the hatch is opened or closed compared to the existing products.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.385-396
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• 2021

The purpose of the study was to explore the process of experience of spinal stenosis, herniation of intervertebral disk patients with low back pain under non-surgical treatment. 10 participants attended in-depth individual interview. Data analyzed using the Grounded theory methodology of Corbin and Strauss(2015). A core category emerged as 'Compromise with my body in the swamp of pain'. Central phenomenon was 'Constrained life by severe pain'. The process of the low back pain experience included three phases: 'cognition', 'coping', and 'adaptation'. This finding will be helpful for understanding the low back pain experience and be as fundamental data as for developing and applying nursing intervention program according to the low back pain experience process.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

With recent development of computer hardware and 3D graphic technique, a lot of people have concern for something to express as the 3D graphic that look the real environment. Because the request of users have increased, the 3D simulation is developed and popularized in the many field. In this paper, we design and implement the simulation system that humans evacuate a building fires using the 3D graphic techniques. In this paper, we use the A* algorithm to humans have the artificial intelligence at evacuating a building fires, calculate the evacuation speed of each human considering temperature damage and smoke damage. In this paper, we applied the real building to demonstrate the effect of proposed evacuation simulation. Experimental results showed that the evacuation speed is affected by the temperature condition and the smoke density.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2014

Purpose: Ultrasound-guided epidural caudal block for low back pain and radiating pain is often performed in the treatment of outpatients. However, this procedure has a failure rate of up to 25% even when it performed by an experienced physician. The authors investigate the effectiveness of Ultrasound-guided epidural caudal block in patients related to disc herniation or spinal stenosis. Materials and Methods: Ultrasound-guided caudal epidural block was performed in 55 outpatients with LBP and radiating pain. Patient was placed in the prone position and sonographic image of sacral hiatus was obtained using linear probe. A 22-gauge needle was advanced into the sacrococcygeal membrane under ultrasound guidance and then medication was injected into the caudal epidural space. There were 31 cases of disc herniation, and 24 cases of spinal stenosis. Patients were evaluated by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 2 weeks and 4 weeks by telephone interviews. Results: 53 of the 55 cases (96.4%) of needle insertion into the sacral canal under ultrasound guidance were successful. Gender was not significantly different between disc herniation group and spinal stenosis group. But there was a significant age difference between disc herniation group ($42.3{\pm}10.8$), and spinal stenosis group ($62.8{\pm}15.1$) [p<0.001]. The VAS score at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 2 weeks, 4 weeks in disc group were 6.84, 3.1, 1.8 & 1.77. The VAS score at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 2 weeks, 4 weeks in spinal stenosis group were 6.88, 3.58, 4.33 & 4.88. The VAS score in both groups was significantly improved after the procedure (p<0.001). Over time, the two groups were statistically significant differences in VAS score after adjusting for age (p<0.001). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided caudal epidural block seems to provide a high success rate and a significantly better response in disc group than spinal stenosis group.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.213-219
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• 2004

Objectives: This study is reported to evaluate the effect of oriental medical treatment in 1 caseof HNP patient with sequela of epidural block. Methods : We treated the patient by oriental medical conservative treatment, Who was diagnosed as the sequela of epidural block and admitted Daejeon University Cheonan oriental hospital from 9th November 2002 to 17th December 2002. Results & Conclusions: 1. It may occur headache, tinnitus, dizziness, neck stiffness from sequela of epidural block. 2. Sequela of epidural block can be demonstrated as deficiency of yin(陰虛). 3. After oriental medical conservative treatment, nothing symptom of sequela of epidural block(lumbago, leg pain) was improved but symptom of sequela of epidural block(headache, tinnitus, dizziness, neck stiffness) was disappeared and we consider that the oriental medical treatment baced on the concept of 'deficiency of yin(陰虛)' is effective in the caseof HNP patient with sequela of epidural block.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2006

Chiari type 1 malformation is a developmental condition characterized by cerebellar herniation and syringohydromyelia in human beings. It has been reported as a common condition in the cavalier King Charles spaniel that is similar to human Chiari type 1 malformations. However, there are few documentations of diagnosed Chiari type 1 like malformation in other breed dogs. Abnormalities compatible with such a malformation were identified by magnetic resonance imaging in 24 dogs with neurologic signs in this study. The dogs were 15 females and 9 males. Their breed were variable, and 6 of the dogs were maltese, 5 were shih-tzu. The dogs had a variety of neurological signs and the severity of cerebellar herniation, syringohydromyelia, intracranial intra-arachnoid cyst or hydrocephalus.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1145-1148
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• 1997

Lung hernia is defined as a protrusion of lung parenchyma beyond the confines of the musculoskeletal thorax. To date, less than 300 cases have been reported in the literature. The patients were 37 & 57-year-old men who had traumatic rib fractures in the past, whose chief complaint was a painless soft bulging mass increased in size during expiration or coughing and diminished during inspiration or quiet breathing. The primary repair was performed without any p stoperative recurrance. We report two cases of acquired herniation of lung first time in Korea with a brief review of literature.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.85-96
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• 2019

In this note, we propose a game system to fairly and transparently control and update game variables using blockchain. As an example, we present an Ethereum-based maze escape game, being the first blockchain-based maze game and the first attempt to control game level through blockchain. In this system, the level function computes maze level reflecting the amount of maze walls purchased/sold by users. Using blockchain for game management saves human and economic resources and prevents unfair practice of game developers unilaterally manipulating game level or item enhancement rate.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1042-1046
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• 2001

The incidence of paraplegia following drain of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) by lumbar puncure below a spinal block is rare, and most of them occurred in spinal tumor. We report a case of acute paraplegia following lumbar puncture for computed tomography myelography(CTM) in a 42-year-old man who sustained a cervical disc herniation. Four hours after lumbar puncture for CTM, sudden paraplegia was developed. After emergent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with cervical plating, the patient recovered completely. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of spinal shock complicating lumbar puncture for routine myelography in a patient with cervical disc herniation. The prompt recognition of this unusual complication of lumbar puncture may lead to good clinical outcome. Instead of CTM requiring lumbar puncture, MRI should be considered as the initial diagnostic procedure in a patient of cervical disc herniation associated with myelopathy. We discuss the possible mechanisms of acute paraplegia following lumbar puncture with literature review.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the seasonal occurrence of chestnut weevil, Curculio sikkimensis. The chestnuts infected by the weevils were collected from Gongju, Buyeo, and Cheongyang in Chungnam Province, Republic of Korea. Investigation was focus on the escape period of chestnut weevil larvae from the fruits, invading time and vertical distribution in soil, survival rates of larvae during overwintering, emergence period, emergence rate, and sex ratio and longevity of adults. For precocious species, larvae escaped the chestnut from the mid-September to the early-October, middle species and slow species, were escaped from the late-September to the mid-October and from the early-October to the mid-November. After escaping from the chestnut fruits all of the larvae burrowed into the soil within 35 minutes. Overwintering larvae inhabited in the range of $0{\sim}48cm$ from the soil surface and highly distributed in the range of $18{\sim}36cm$. The 74.1 % of wintering chamber were distributed within $18{\sim}36cm$ from the surface. Survival rates observed were 38.0% in 1st year, 16.0% in 2nd years, and 2% in 3rd years, respectively. Seasonal occurrence period of C. sikkimensis was from the early-Aug. to early-Oct. and the optimal occurrence period was the early and mid-Sept. Emergence rate decreased to 8.4% in 1st year, 3.6% in 2nd years, and 0.8% in 3rd years, respectively. Sex ratio was showed in the range of 0.51-0.55. It is female biased ratio. Longevity of adults was 9.9 days for female and 8.9 days for male.