• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.138-160
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• 2009

The urban housing market in Korea, especially in Seoul and the Capital region, has been revitalized with massive urban (re)developments and expanding real estate finance after the IMF crisis. This brought about a boom of housing price during the mid-2000s, which has been virtually stabilized by strong regulation policies of the previous government. But with impacts of the recent international financial crisis together with some inherent problems, the housing market of Korea faces with a worry of collapse in relation with the financial market volatility and the serious depression of real economy, and hence the current government attempts to implement strong deregulation policies on the housing market. In this paper it is argued that this kind of volatility of urban housing market seems to be caused by strategies of capital which involve continuous massive urban (re)development, residential segregation and appropriation of monopoly rent(or capital gain), and fictitious capitalization of real estates and integration of real estate market and financial market. In these reasons, the current tendency of urban housing price shows a slow downward, which seems to give the current neoliberal government a rationale for deregulation policies to prevent the downward tendency. But this paper suggests that such a slow downward of housing price shift would have positive effects on the housing market in particular and social and economic situations in general, and hence an alternative housing policy is required to realize such positive effects.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.32
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• pp.7-30
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• 2016

The inter­relationship of Korea southeast region community related to a mask dramas in depth. The Folk mask dramas are, for traditional community members to live well and enjoy cultural practices in society. Even if a mask drama would be performed in the 21st century, it would be the one of traditional society. It shows the life of traditional society and proposes the issue of traditional society. The thing is handed down well with technology of a mask drama assigned as intangible cultural asset. The Korea southeast region, Kyongsang Provinces, or Yeongnam area has been handed down several kind of mask dramas. These are Byeolsingut Talnori with religious, the Ogwangdae of wandering play team, the Ogwangdae of local residents, and the Dulnorum of local residents. The mask dramas of Korea southeast region are specified as intangible cultural asset, many traditional mask play were restored. The restoring is imitation. These things are difficult to assigned as the intangible cultural asset. But though it is the imitation of the mask dramas, it is culture phenomenon. So we need to make the fostering system.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.211-219
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• 2021

Chinese Tibetan Opera is a highly comprehensive drama type, which combines the educational aesthetic characteristics of the realism of Western drama and the freehand of Chinese opera, including mask play, square play, ritual play and religious play. Tibetan opera, as a kind of local drama, has high research value, which is determined by its educational aesthetic characteristics. The world's three major dramas include Sanskrit dramas in India, tragic-comedies in ancient Greece and Chinese dramas, which have different forms of expression and educational aesthetic characteristics. Because of the particularity of its birthplace, Tibetan Opera inherits some of the three forms of the above three dramas. Ancient Greek tragedies originate from the sacrificial ritual of the god of wine. In the early ceremonial action performances, the actors were all men and needed to wear masks to perform. In Tibetan opera, men also play a role in masks, which are originated from the folk totem dance and religious pantomime music and dance. Due to the long history of Indian Sanskrit drama, except for the relevant records in dance theory, the specific performance form can not be verified. However, according to the relevant records in dance theory, the three characters "Wenba", "Jialu" and "Lamu" in the opening play of Tibetan opera are similar to the "concept character play" in Sanskrit opera. Tibetan Opera is a very important part of traditional Chinese opera, which inherits the educational aesthetic characteristics of Chinese opera.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.476-481
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• 2022

Ubiquitin signaling regulates virtually all aspects of eukaryotic biology and dynamic processes in which protein substrates are modified by ubiquitin. To regulate these processes, deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) cleave ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins from these substrates. DUBs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer, leading to the development of increasing numbers of small-molecule DUB inhibitors. On the other hand, recent studies have focused on the function of DUBs in metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver diseases. DUBs play a positive or negative role in the progression and development of metabolic diseases. Their involvement in cell pathology and regulation of major transcription factors in metabolic syndrome has been examined in vitro and in animal and human biopsies. UCH, USP7, and USP19 were linked to adipocyte differentiation, body weight gain, and insulin resistance in genetic or diet-induced obesity. CYLD, USP4, and USP18 were found to be closely associated with fatty liver diseases. In addition, these liver diseases were accompanied by body weight change in certain cases. Collectively, in this review, we discuss the current understanding of DUBs in metabolic diseases with a particular focus on obesity. We also provide basic knowledge and regulatory mechanisms of DUBs and suggest these enzymes as therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.957-963
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• 1997

PVC 핏치를 산소분위기에서 안정화시킬 때 발생되는 화학반응 기구를 열중량 분석 및 FT-IR을 이용하여 규명하였다. PVC 핏치를 안정화시킬 \ulcorner 초기에 가속화현상이 이러나서 핏치내에 반응성이 강한 메칠기(-CH/ sub 3/)나 메칠렌기(-CH$_{2}$-)등이 산소와 반응하여 카보닐기(C=O)를 생성하면서 급격한 무게증가 현상이 발생하였다. 이때의 생성물들은 알데히드(aldehyde), 케톤(ketone), 알코올(alcohol)이며, 물 (H$_{2}$O)이 부산물로 발생된다. 이 가속화 현상에 의해 핏치내의 메칠기와 메칠렌기는 안정화 초기단계에서 대부분 산화되어 없어졌다. 안정화시간이 길어짐에 따라 생성된 알데히드나 일차 알코올의 산화가 발생하여 카르복실산(carboxylic acid)을 생성하고, 에테르 결합도 생성되었다. 이때에도 무게증가 현상이 발생하지만, 초기의 급격한 무게증가와는 달리 그 증가속도가 느리고, 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가속도는 더욱 느려졌다. 그리고, 안정화온도가 높고 안정화시간이 긴경우에는,카르복실산들의 탈수반응으로 인한 방향족 무수화물(aromatic anhydride)이 생성되었다. 29$0^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 안정화시킨 경우, 무게감소가 발생했는데, 이것은 카르복실산의 탈카르복실화(decarboxylation)반응에 의해 CO$_{2}$가 발생되었기 때문이다. 그리고, 안정화 온도가 높을수록 안정화에 무게증가의 최대값과 방향족 무수화물이 발생되는 무게증가 값이 작아지고, 안정화 초기단계에서 나타나는 가속화 현상의 구간도 짧아졌다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.621-626
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• 2010

Anion exchange membranes can be used for reverse electrodialysis for electric energy generation, and capacitive deionization for water purification, as well as electrodialysis for desalination. In this study, anion exchange membranes of poly((vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/poly(vinyl alcohol) were prepared through the polymerization of (vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate in aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions, esterification with glutaric acid, and cross-linking reaction with glutaraldehyde. We investigated electrochemical properties for the anion exchange membranes prepared according to experimental conditions. Ion exchange capacity and electrical resistance for the membranes were changed with a variation in the monomer ratio in polymerization. Water uptake and conductivity for the membranes decreased with an increase in the content of glutaric acid in esterification. The change in the time of crosslinking reaction with the formed film and glutaraldehyde affected electrochemical properties such as water uptake, conductivity, or transport number for the membranes. Chronopotentiometry and limiting current density for the anion exchange membranes prepared were measured.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.335-343
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• 2002

This study investigated the effect of temporary cement and desensitizer on the bond strength of luting cements. Total 96 dentin specimens were divided into two groups with and without temporary cementation. For temporary cement-tread group, specimens were cemented with $Temp-bond^{(R)}$ and all specimens were stored in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Each cup was further divided into 3 subgroups with $Gluma^{(R)},\;One-step^{(R)}$ application and without desensitizer After desensitizer application, Ni-Cr specimens were luted to dentin surface with $Panavia-F^{(R)}$ and $Vitremer^{(R)}$ Specimens were placed in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours and shear bond strength between metal and dentin was measured by a universal testing machine. The results were as follows : 1. In $Panavia-F^{(R)}$ cemented groups, the combination of $One-step^{(R)}$ without temporary cement showed the greatest strength. Among the desensitizer types, $One-step^{(R)}$ showed the highest bond strength, followed by No-desensitizer, $Gluma^{(R)}$. 2. In $Vitremer^{(R)}$ cemented groups, the combination of no temporary cement and without desensitizer showed the greatest bond strength. Among the desensitizer types, No-desensitizer group showed the highest bond strength. 3. The use of $Gluma^{(R)}$ significantly reduced the shear bond strength in $Panavia-F^{(R)}$ and $Vitremer^{(R)}$ groups. 4. All temporary cement-treated groups showed a significant lower shear bond strength than without temporary cement groups. 5. Desensitizer application significantly influenced the bond strength of the resin cement and resin modified glass ionomer cement.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.555-561
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• 2007

To obtain low molecular weight water soluble chitosan (LMWSC) with various molecular weights, chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) with lactic acid was separated by using ultrafilteration technique and LMWSC with a free amine group was prepared by the novel salts-removal method. The characterization of LMWSC removed the lactic acid and degree of deacetylation (DDA) were identified by FT-IR and $^1H-NMR$ spectra. Polydispersity index (PDI) was $1.278{\sim}1.499$, which indicates a relatively molecular weight distribution. To identify the potential as a gene carrier, we confirmed the transfection efficiency of COS fractioned according to molecular weight successfully and the salt-removed LMWSC using 293T cell. Also, LMWSC derivatives prepared for improvement transfection efficiency were evaluated using Balb/C mice.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.426-432
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• 1995

Expression of $\beta$-lactoglobulin gene in mammary tissue is strongly induced by lactogenic hormones such as prolactin, glucocorticoid, and insulin. In order to elucidate the regulatory mechanism underlying such hormonal induction, the response of the caprine $\beta$-lactoglobulin gene promoter to lactogenic hormones was analyzed in cultured HC11 mammary cells. Expression with serial deletions of the 5' -regulatory sequence of the $\beta$-lactoglobulin promoter revealed that two regions are responsible for a substantial change in hormonal indudbility. The region upstream of-1692, which exhibited strong repression of the downstream promoter, mediated the induction by insulin. This insulin-response was independent of the other two lactogenic hormones, prolactin and glucocorticoid. The other region from -740 to -470, which showed strong activation of the $\beta$-lactoglobulin promoter in confluent HC11 mammary cells, mediated mainly the response to a glucocorticoid analogue, dexametasone. The induction by the latter region, however, was suppressed by the usptream repression without insulin treatment. These results suggest that the induction of $\beta$-lactoglobulin promoter activity by lactogenic hormones in mammary cells may be achieved by the combined action of derepression by in sulin and activation by glucocorticoid and prolactin. Dexametasone response by the latter region seems to be mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor site around -7OObp.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.151-178
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• 2014

Highly Differentiated and segmented social insurance scheme in Taiwan shows its salient dimension of stratification, which has been considered as a general feature of conservative welfare regime. However, compared to Western conservative welfare states, Taiwan's social insurance scheme shows a distinct feature. First, Taiwan's social insurance scheme has offered a full coverage for various benefits. Secondly, Labor Insurance and Government employees' Insurance reveal distinct features of stratification. Labor Insurance has developed a universalistic system based on status equality and cross-class solidarity of working classes while Government employees' Insurance includes a myriad of occupational- and status-based programs. This article aims to articulate the historical origin of Taiwan's unique social insurance scheme and explains it as an unintended result of state's political intervention and various interests of each insured groups, especially, politically, economically, and ethnically conflicting identities of government employees and working classes.