• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.949-954
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to develop water jet plasma reactor and investigate the optimal condition of the syngas production by reforming of hydrocarbon fuel. Fuel used was propane and plasma was generated by arc discharge on water jet surface. Discharge slipping over the water surface has a number of advantages such as a source of short-wave and UV radiation, and it can be used for biological and chemical purification of water. Parametric screening studies were conducted, in which there were the variations of power ($0.18{\sim}0.74$ kW), water jet flow rate($38.4{\sim}65.6$ mL/min), electrode gap($5{\sim}15$ mm) and treatment time($2{\sim}20$ min). When the variations were 0.4 kW, 53.9 mL/min, 10 mm and 20 min respectively, result of maximum $H_2$ concentration was 61.6%, intermediates concentration were 6.1% and propane conversion rate was 99.8%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.83-84
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• 2003

벤젠고리의 수가 2∼3개인 저분자 PAHs는 대체적으로 급성 독성을 나타내고, 고분자인 벤젠고리 4∼6개의 PAHs들은 대부분 발암성 및 돌연변이성 물질로 알려져 있다. 이러한 PAHs들은 화석연료의 불완전 연소 등에 의해 발생되고, 대표적인 오염원으로는 석탄, 자동차, 가정 난방 등이 있다. 대기 중의 다환방향족탄화수소(PAHs) 농도는 지역별, 계절별로 큰 차이를 나타내며, 일반적으로 차량 통행이 많은 대도시나 공단지역이 높고 계절적으로는 연료사용이 많은 겨울철에 높은 농도를 보인다. PAHs는 다양한 고정 배출원 및 이동배출원에서 발생하기 때문에 동일 배출원에 영향을 받더라도, 지역에 따라 농도 및 조성비가 달라질 수 있다(백성옥, 1999; Simcik et al., 1999). (중략)

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.128-135
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• 2010

In this study, a mixture fraction analysis was performed to investigate the characteristics of chemical species production in compartment fires burning hydrocarbon fuels such as methane, heptane, and toluene. A series of fire experiments was conducted in the ISO 9705 standard room, and gas species concentration and soot fraction were measured at two locations in the upper layer of the compartment. The mass fractions of measured chemical species, such as unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), oxygen ($O_2$), and soot were presented as a function of mixture fraction and compared with state relationships based on the idealized reaction of hydrocarbon fuels. The mixture fraction analysis made it possible to rearrange hundreds of species measurements, which were done under various fire conditions and at two locations of the upper layer, in term of the unified parameter, i.e. the mixture fraction. The results also showed that inclusion of soot in the mixture fraction calculation could improve the performance of analysis, especially for the sooty fuels such as heptane and toluene.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Researches on hypersonic aircraft technologies have been carried out to increase flight speeds. However, increase in flight speeds causes heat loads that could lead structural change of aircraft's component. Researches on cooling technologies using endothermic fuels are progressing in the USA, France and Russia to treat the heat loads. Endothermic fuels are liquid hydrocarbon aircraft fuels which are able to absorb the heat loads by undergoing endothermic reactions, such as thermal and catalytic cracking. In this study, methylcyclohexane, n-octane, and n-dodecane were selected as model endothermic fuels and experiments in endothermic properties were implemented. Experimental conditions were supercritical condition of each model fuels in which actual endothermic fuels were exposed. The object of this study is to identify endothermic properties of the model endothermic fuels and to predict endothermic properties of actual fuels such as kerosene fuels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.279-286
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• 2010

Hypersonic aircraft technologies have been developed with increase in flight speeds. As hypersonic flight speeds increase, heat loads on an aircraft and it's engine increase. Researches on cooling technologies using endothermic fuels are progressing in the USA, France, and Russia to treat the heat loads. Endothermic fuels are liquid hydrocarbon aircraft fuels which are able to absorb the heat loads by undergoing endothermic reactions, such as thermal and catalytic cracking. In this study, methylcyclohexane, n-octane, and n-dodecane were selected as model endothermic fuels and experiments in endothermic properties were implemented. Experimental conditions were supercritical phase of each model fuels in which actual endothermic fuels were exposed. The object of this study is to identify endothermic properties of the model endothermic fuels and to predict endothermic properties of actual fuels such as kerosene fuels.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.528-532
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• 2007

The generation of high-purity hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels is essential for efficient operation of fuel cell. In general, most feasible strategies to generate hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels consist of a reforming step to generate a mixture of $H_2$, CO, $CO_2$ and $H_2O$(steam) followed by water gas shift(WGS) and CO clean-up steps. The WGS reaction that shifts CO to $CO_2$ and simultaneously produces another mole of $H_2$ was carried out in a two-stage catalytic conversion process involving a high temperature shift(HTS) and a low temperature shift(LTS). In the WGS operation, gas emerges from the reformer is taken through a high temperature shift catalyst to reduce the CO concentration to about $3\sim4%$ followed to about 0.5% via a low temperature shift catalyst. The WGS reactor was designed and tested in this study to produce hydrogen-rich gas with CO to less than 0.5%.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.441-446
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• 2016

Alcohols are particularly attractive as alternative fuels because they are a renewable resource. This paper describes the performance and emission characteristics of ethanol and methanol gasoline blended fuels in a spark ignition engine. This experimental results showed that alcohol gasoline blended fuels decreased the torque, brake mean effective pressure, and brake power decreased when alcohol blended fuels were applied to a gasoline engine and also CO, HC and NOx emissions were reduced in accordance with the contents of alcohol contents.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2007

Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) has high fuel flexibility due to its high operating temperatures. Hydrocarbonaceous fuels such as diesel has several advantages such as high energy density and established infrastructure for fuel cell applications. However diesel reforming has technical problems like coke formation in a reactor, which results in catastrophic failure of whole system. Performance degradation of diesel autothermal reforming (ATR) leads to increase of undesirable hydrocarbons at reformed gases and subsequently degrades SOFC performance. In this study, we investigate the degradation of SOFC performance(OCV, open circuit voltage) under hydrocarbon(n-Butane) feeds and characteristics of diesel performing under various ratios of reactants($H_2O/C,\;O_2/C$ molar ratios) for improvement of SOFC performance. Especially we achieved relatively high performance of diesel ATR under $H_2O/C=0.8,\;O_2/C=3$ condition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2017

The recent gradual increase in the energy demand is mostly met by fossil fuel, but the research on and development of new alternative energy sources is drawing much attention due to the limited fossil fuel supply and the greenhouse gas problem. This paper assesses the feasibility of producing fuel energy from a dewatered sewage sludge by microwave-induced pyrolysis with sludge char and graphite receptor. Both receptors produced gas, char, and tar in order from product amount. The gas produced for the sludge char receptor contained mainly hydrogen and methane with a small amount of light hydrocarbons. The graphite receptor generated higher gravimetric tar and generated higher light tar. Through the results, the product gas from the microwave processes of wet sewage sludge might be possible as a fuel energy. But the product gas has to be removed the condensable PAH tars.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 1990

본 기고에서는 농도분석에 사용되는 많은 측정장비 중에서 여러가지의 가스성분을 한번에 측정할 수 있고, 다른 전용가스분석기에 비하여 경제적인 가스크로마토그라프를 소개하고, 특히 탄화수소(hydrocarbon)계열의 연료를 사용하는 열기관의 배기가스분석에 국한하여, 적용예와 문제점을 검토하여 가장 최적의 가스크로마토그라프 운용조건을 찾는데 도움이 되고자 한다.